ms_flashcards_20141230060154
(500 cards)
1
Q
Name the second growths of St-Estephe.
A
Cos d’Estournel and Montrose.
2
Q
Name the 2nd growths of Paulliac?
A
Chateau Pichon-Longueville Baron & Chateau Pichon-Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
3
Q
Name the 5 villages that Margaux is spread over. Which of them have classified growths? What is the largest and what is the smallest?
A
Soussans, Margaux, Cantenac, Labarde & Arsac.Margaux & Cantenac have classified growths. Labarde is the smallest, Arsac is the largest.
4
Q
For Sauternes, what is the minimum must weight? Minimum RS in finished wine?
A
must weight: 221 g/Lfinished wine: 45 g/L
5
Q
What is the appellation of Chateau Lafleur?
A
Pomerol
6
Q
Name the satellite appellations of St. Emilion.
A
Lussac, Montagne, St. Georges, Puisseguin
7
Q
Name 5 Grand Cru Classe B properties of St-Emilion. What are the 4 As?
A
As: Pavie, Ausone, Angelus, Cheval BlancBs: Beau-Séjour-Bécot, Beauséjour, Belair-Monange, Canon, Fourtet, Figeac, La Gaffeliere, Magdelaine, Trottevieille
8
Q
How many grapes are allowed in Bordeaux AOP white wines? Which three can make up no more than 30% of the blend?
A
Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Muscadelle, Merlot Blanc, Ugni Blanc, Colombard (the latter three may make up no more than 30%).
9
Q
How many classified growths are there of St-Estephe? Name them.
A
2nds: Cos d’Estournel, Montrose. 3rd: Calon Segur. 4th: Lafon-Rochet. 5th: Cos Labory
10
Q
What is the AOP for Chateau Petrus?
A
Pomerol
11
Q
Name from north to south the six communal appellations of the Medoc.
A
St. Estephe, Paulliac, St Julien, Listrac, Moulis, Margaux,
12
Q
Which two Graves classified growths had their last vintages in 2005 and 2008, respectively? What are both properties used for now?
A
Chateau La Tour Haut-Brion and Chateau Laville-Haut-Brion. Both properties now supply fruit for second red wine and new white wine under the La Mission Haut-Brion label.
13
Q
What are the 4 satellite appellations of St-Emilion?
A
St-Georges, Montagne, Puisseguin, Lussac
14
Q
What is the cepage of Petrus?
A
Usually 100% Merlot, with a bit of Cab Franc sometimes.
15
Q
What is the cepage of Cheval Blanc?
A
57% Cab Franc, 39% Merlot, 3% Cab, 1% Malbec
16
Q
What style of wine can be made under the Graves AOP?
A
Red & White.
17
Q
Besides Haut Brion, no Chateaux in Graves were classified until what year?
A
1953
18
Q
Where in Graves are all the cru classes properties located?
A
Pessac-Leognan
19
Q
What style of wine is made in the Graves Superieure AOP?
A
Only sweet wine.
20
Q
Name the five villages that Margaux is spread over.
A
Arsac, Cantenac, Margaux, Soussans, Labarde
21
Q
What style of wine is allowed for Bordeaux Superieure AOP and what is the minimum alcohol level?
A
Only red (min. 11%) and sweet whites (min. 17 g/L RS, 12% min. alcohol)
22
Q
What style of wine can be made in the Medoc AOP?
A
Dry red wine
23
Q
Describe the difference in soil between the Haut Medoc and the Bas Medoc.
A
Bas Medoc – Marshy land north of St. Estephe. Haut-Medoc – west of the communes, well-drained gravelly soil
24
Q
What is Cru Artisan? Cru Bourgeois?
A
Cru Artisan - Classification of 2002, 44 small, recognized producers.Cru Bourgeois – guarantor of quality, Chateaux must reapply.
25
Which commune has the most classified growths?
Margaux with 21
26
What is Malbec known as on the right bank?
Pressac
27
Name the second growths of St. Julien.
Leoville-Poyferre, Leoville-Las Cases, Leoville-Barton, Gruad Larose, Ducru Beaucaillou
28
What is the largest of the six communal appellations in the Medoc?
Margaux
29
What is the only estate on the right bank to use a significant proportion of Cabernet Sauvignon?
Figeac, in St Emilion
30
NW to SE, name the three sweet white wine appellations of Graves.
Cérons, Barsac, Sauternes
31
In what year was Mouton Rothschild upgraded to a 1st growth.
1973
32
Where in Bordeaux can the boulbenes soil be found? What is it?
Graves; a mixture of clay, sand, and gravel
33
The Grand Enclos, or l'Enclos is the source of what famous classified growth's grand vin?
Latour
34
Which AOP in Bordeaux is a UNESCO World Heritage Site?
St.Émilion
35
What châteaux are classified Crus Classé for only white wines in Graves?
Château Couhins, Château Couhins-Lurton and Château Laville-Haut-Brion
36
Classify me: ChâteauBouscat
1959 Graves, red and white
37
Classify me: Château Carbonnieux
1959 Graves, red and white
38
Classify me: Château de Chevalier
1959 Graves, red and white
39
Classify me: Château de Fieuzal
1959 Graves, red only
40
Classify me: Château Haut-Bailly
1959 Graves, red only
41
Classify me: Château Haut-Brion
1959 Graves, red only1855 1eme
42
Classify me: Château Latour-Martillac
1959 Graves, red and white
43
Classify me: Château Malartic-Lagraviere
1959 Graves, red and white
44
Classify me: Château La Mission Haut-Brion
1959 Graves, red only
45
Classify me: Château Olivier
1959 Graves, red and white
46
Classify me: Château Pape-Clement
1959 Graves, red only
47
Classify me: Château Smith-Haut Lafitte
1959 Graves, red only
48
Classify me: Château La Tour-Haut-Brion
1959 Graves, red only (final vintage 2005)
49
Classify me: Château Couhins
1959 Graves, white only
50
Classify me: Château Couhins-Lurton
1959 Graves, white only
51
Classify me: Château Laville-Haut-Brion
1959 Graves, white only (final vintage 2008)
52
Classify me: Château d'Yquem
1855 Sauternes, Premier Cru Superieur (Sauternes)
53
Classify me: Château La Tour Blanche
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Bommes)
54
Classify me: Château Lafaurie-Peyraguey
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Bommes)
55
Classify me: Château Clos Haut-Peyraguey
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Bommes)
56
Classify me: Château de Rayne-Vigneau
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Bommes)
57
Classify me: Château Suduiraut
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Preignac)
58
Classify me: Château Coutet
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Barsac)
59
Classify me: Château Climens
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Barsac)
60
Classify me: Château Guiraud
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Sauternes)
61
Classify me: Château Rieussec
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Fargues)
62
Classify me: Château Rabaud-Promis
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Bommes)
63
Classify me: Château Sigalas-Rabaud
1855 Sauternes, 1eme Cru (Bommes)
64
Classify me: Château de Myrat
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Barsac)
65
Classify me: Château Doisy-Daene
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Barsac)
66
Classify me: Château Doisy-Dubroca
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Barsac)
67
Classify me: Château Doisy-Vedrines
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Barsac)
68
Classify me: Château d'Arche
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Sauternes)
69
Classify me: Château Filhot
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Sauternes)
70
Classify me: Château Broustet
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Barsac)
71
Classify me: Château Nairac
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Barsac)
72
Classify me: Château Caillou
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Barsac)
73
Classify me: Château Suau
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Preignac)
74
Classify me: Château de Malle
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Preignac)
75
Classify me: Château Romer
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Fargues)
76
Classify me: Château Romer du Hayot
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Fargues)
77
Classify me: Château Lamothe
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Sauternes)
78
Classify me: Château Lamothe-Guignard
1855 Sauternes, 2eme Cru (Sauternes)
79
Classify me: Château Angelus
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe A (promoted in 2012)
80
Classify me: Château Cheval-Blanc
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe A
81
Classify me: Château Ausone
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe A
82
Classify me: Château Pavie
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe A (promoted in 2012)
83
Classify me: Château Beau-Sejour Becot
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
84
Classify me: Château Beausejour (Duffau-Lagarrosse)
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
85
Classify me: Château Belair-Monagne
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
86
Classify me: Château Canon
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
87
Classify me: Château Canon-la-Gaffeliere
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B (promoted in 2012)
88
Classify me: Château Figeac
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
89
Classify me: Clos Fourtet
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
90
Classify me: Château La Gaffeliere
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
91
Classify me: Château Larcis-Ducasse
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B (promoted in 2012)
92
Classify me: Château la Mondotte
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B (promoted in 2012)
93
Classify me: Château Pavie-Macquin
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B (promoted in 2006)
94
Classify me: Château Troplong-Mondot
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B (promoted in 2006)
95
Classify me: Château Trottevieille
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B
96
Classify me: Château Valandraud
1955 St. Emilion, Grand Cru Classe B (promoted in 2012)
97
How many St. Emilion Grand Cru Classe B estates were there before 2012? How many after?
10; 14 (4 were promoted in 2012)
98
Name two estates that disappeared from the 2012 St. Emilion Grand Cru Classe classification because they merged with other estates.
Chateau Magdelaine, formerly a B, merged with Chateau Belair-Monagne, a B as wellChateau Berget merged with Chateau Trottevieille
99
Classify me: Château Lafite-Rothschild
1855, 1eme Paulliac
100
Classify me: Château Mouton-Rothschild
1855, 1eme Paulliac (promoted in 1973)
101
Classify me: Château Latour
1855, 1eme Paulliac
102
Classify me: Château Margaux
1855, 1eme Margaux
103
Classify me: Château Cos d'Estournel
1855, 2eme St. Estephe
104
Classify me: Château Montrose
1855, 2eme St. Estephe
105
Classify me: Château Pichon-Longueville
1855, 2eme Paulliac
106
Classify me: Château Pichon-Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
1855, 2eme Paulliac
107
Classify me: Château Leoville Las Cases
1855, 2eme St. Julien
108
Classify me: Château Leoville Poyferre
1855, 2eme St. Julien
109
Classify me: Château Leoville Barton
1855, 2eme St. Julien
110
Classify me: Château Gruaud Larose
1855, 2eme St. Julien
111
Classify me: Château Ducru-Beaucaillou
1855, 2eme St. Julien
112
Classify me: Château Rauzan-Segla
1855, 2eme Margaux
113
Classify me: Château Rauzan-Gassies
1855, 2eme Margaux
114
Classify me: Château Durfort-Vivens
1855, 2eme Margaux
115
Classify me: Château Lascombes
1855, 2eme Margaux
116
Classify me: Château Brane-Cantenac
1855, 2eme Margaux
117
Classify me: Château Calon Segur
1855, 3eme St. Estephe
118
Classify me: Château Langoa Barton
1855, 3eme St. Julien
119
Classify me: Château Lagrange
1855, 3eme St. Julien
120
Classify me: Château Kirwan
1855, 3eme Margaux
121
Classify me: Château d'Issan
1855, 3eme Margaux
122
Classify me: Château Giscours
1855, 3eme Margaux
123
Classify me: Château Malescot Saint-Exupery
1855, 3eme Margaux
124
Classify me: Château Boyd-Cantenac
1855, 3eme Margaux
125
Classify me: Château Cantenac Brown
1855, 3eme Margaux
126
Classify me: Château Palmer
1855, 3eme Margaux
127
Classify me: Château Desmirail
1855, 3eme Margaux
128
Classify me: Château Ferriere
1855, 3eme Margaux
129
Classify me: Château Marquis d'Alesme Becker
1855, 3eme Margaux
130
Classify me: Château La Lagune
1855, 3eme Haut-Medoc
131
Classify me: Château Lafon-Rochet
1855, 4eme St. Estephe
132
Classify me: Château Duhart-Milon
1855, 4eme Pauillac
133
Classify me: Château Saint-Pierre
1855, 4eme St. Julien
134
Classify me: Château Branaire-Ducru
1855, 4eme St. Julien
135
Classify me: Château Talbot
1855, 4eme St. Julien
136
Classify me: Château Beychevelle
1855, 4eme St. Julien
137
Classify me: Château Prieure-Lichine
1855, 4eme Margaux
138
Classify me: Château Pouget
1855, 4eme Margaux
139
Classify me: Château Marquis de Terme
1855, 4eme Margaux
140
Classify me: Château La Tour Carnet
1855, 4eme Haut Medoc
141
Classify me: Château Cos Labory
1855, 5eme St. Estephe
142
Classify me: Château Pontet-Canet
1855, 5eme Pauillac
143
Classify me: Château Batailley
1855, 5eme Pauillac
144
Classify me: Château Haut-Batailley
1855, 5eme Pauillac
145
Classify me: Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste
1855, 5eme Pauillac
146
Classify me: Château Grand-Puy-Ducasse
1855, 5eme Pauillac
147
Classify me: Château Lynch Bages
1855, 5eme Pauillac
148
Classify me: Château Lynch Moussas
1855, 5eme Pauillac
149
Classify me: Château d'Armailhac
1855, 5eme Pauillac
150
Classify me: Château Haut-Bages Liberal
1855, 5eme Pauillac
151
Classify me: Château Pedesclaux
1855, 5eme Pauillac
152
Classify me: Château Clerc Milon
1855, 5eme Pauillac
153
Classify me: Château Croizet Bages
1855, 5eme Pauillac
154
Classify me: Château du Tertre
1855, 5eme Margaux
155
Classify me: Château Dauzac
1855, 5eme Margaux
156
Classify me: Château Belgrave
1855, 5eme Haut Medoc
157
Classify me: Château Camensac
1855, 5eme Haut Medoc
158
Classify me: Château Cantemerle
1855, 5eme Haut Medoc
159
Second Wine: Château Lafite-Rothschild
Carruades de Lafite
160
Second Wine: Château Latour
Les Forts de Latour
161
Second Wine: Château Mouton-Rothschild
Le Petit Mouton de Mouton Rothschild
162
Second Wine: Château Margaux
Pavillon Rouge du Chateau Margaux
163
Second Wine: Château Haut Brion (red)
Le Clarence de Haut-Brion (as of 2007)
164
Second Wine: Château Haut Brion (white)
La Clarte de Haut-Brion (as of 2009)
165
Second Wine: Cos d'Estournel
Les Pagodes de Cos
166
Second Wine: Montrose
La Dame de Montrose
167
Second Wine: Pichon-Longueville
Les Tourelles de Longueville
168
Second Wine: Pichon-Longueville Comtesse de Lalande
Réserve de la Comtesse
169
Second Wine: Ducru-Beaucaillou
Croix de Beaucaillou
170
Second Wine: Gruaud Larose
Both Sarget de Gruaud-Larose and Larose de Gruaud
171
Second Wine: Leoville Barton
La Reserve de Leoville Barton
172
Second Wine: Leoville Las Cases
Le Petit Lion du Marquis de Las Cases
173
Second Wine: Leoville Poyferré
Pavillon de Leoville Poyferré
174
What is the name of Leoville Poyferré's second label in 2002 and 2003 that is now an independent label that they own?
Chateau Moulin Riche
175
Second Wine: Brane Cantenac
Baron de Brane
176
Second Wine: Rauzan-Segla
Segla
177
Second Wine: Calon-Segur
Marquis de Calon
178
Second Wine: Lagrange
Les Fiefs de Lagrange
179
Second Wine: Langoa-Barton
Lady Langoa
180
Second Wine: Boyd Cantenac
Jacques-Boyd
181
Second Wine: Cantenac-Brown
Brio de Cantenac Brown
182
Second Wine: Palmer
Alter Ego
183
Second Wine: Grand-Puy-Lacoste
Lacoste-Borie
184
Second Wine: Lynch Bages
Echo de Lynch Bages (as of 2008)
185
Define coulere and millerandage. What climactic conditions create them and what region might you find these commonly in?
Coulere -- "no fertilization, no grape" --> fewer berries per bunchMillerandage -- "poor fertilization, smaller grapes" --> no seedsFrost causes these problems, and is common in Bordeaux
186
What is France's largest appellation?
Bordeaux
187
Define the climate of Bordeaux.
Maritime climate, influenced by the Atlantic and Girone Estuary. Winters are short, spring is damp, and summers can be hot. Rot and mold are big problems.
188
What is the Bordeaux mixture and what is it used to combat?
Lime, copper sulfate, and water. Used to combat fungal problems -- downey mildew, powdery mildew, etc.
189
Why does Merlot thrive in clay based soils?
Clay delays natural vigor.
190
What are the three main white grapes of Bordeaux AOP? What other grapes are allowed and in what amounts?
Sauvignon Blanc, Semillon & Muscadelle; Ugni Blanc, Merlot Blanc, and Colombard can make up no more than 30% of the blend collectively
191
Define assemblage vs. encépagement.
Assemblage is the blend of a wine; encépagement is the varietal make-up of a vineyard.
192
Where is Chateau Chasse-Spleen?
Moulis-en-Medoc
193
When was Pessac-Leognan demarcated?
1987
194
Where is Château Pape-Clément?
Pessac-Léognan
195
Name five vintages in which Chateau d'Yquem was not produced.
1910, 1915, 1930, 1951, 1952, 1964, 1972, 1974, 1992, 2012
196
What is the name of Chateau d'Yquem's dry white wine?
Y or Ygrec
197
What are the five villages that Sauternes covers?
Sauternes, Barsac, Fargues, Preignac, Bommes
198
What are the two soil types that St Emilion's soil is broadly classified into?
Cotes -- steep hillsides, limestoneGraves -- gravely limestone plateau (resembles the Medoc)
199
When was St Emilion first classified and in what subsequent years was it revised?
1955, 1969, 1985, 1996, 2006, 2012
200
How many Premier Cru Classe A estates are there in St Emilion? B? Grand Cru Classe?
4; 14; 64
201
What is crasse de fer?
The iron and clay rich soil of Pomerol
202
What is Cabernet Franc known as in Pomerol?
Bouchet
203
In what AOP would you find Chateau Petrus?
Pomerol
204
In what AOP would you find Vieux-Chateau-Certan?
Pomerol
205
In what AOP would you find Le Pin?
Pomerol
206
In what AOP would you find Chateau Trotanoy?
Pomerol
207
In what AOP would you find Chateau La Mondotte?
St. Emilion
208
In what AOP would you find Chateau Valandraud?
St. Emilion
209
What style of wine may be made in Entre-deux-Mers?
Exclusively dry white wine.
210
Where is Loupiac AOP and what style of wine is made there?
On the eastern shore of the Garonne; sweet white wine
211
Where is Ste-Croix-du-Mont AOP and what style of wine is made there?
On the eastern shore of the Garonne; sweet white wine
212
Where is Cadillac AOP and what style of wine is made there?
On the eastern shore of the Garonne; sweet white wine
213
How many Chateaux of Graves are classified for both red and white wine. Name them.
Six: Bouscaut, Carbonnieux, Dom. de Chevalier, Chateau d'Olivier, Malartic Lagraviere, La Tour Martillac
214
How many communes of Pessac-Leognan are there? Name 5.
Ten; Pessac, Leognan, Cadaujac, Canéjan, Gradignan, Martillac, Mérignac, Saint-Médard-d'Eyrans, Talence, Villenave-d'Ornon
215
What first growth has a plot of vines in St-Estephe?
Chateau Lafite-Rothschild, called "La Caillava"
216
Describe how the Gironde Estuary affects the climate of Bordeaux.
The Gironde Estuary takes the moderating influences of the Atlantic and the Gulf Stream and brings them inland
217
Name the third growths of St-Julien.
Langoa-Barton and Lagrange
218
Name five third growths of Margaux.
There are 10: Kirwan, d'Issan, Giscours, Malescot Saint-Exupery, Boyd-Cantenac, Cantenac Brown, Palmer, Desmirail, Ferriere, Marquis d'Alesme Becker
219
What is Paulliac's only 4th growth?
Duhart-Milon
220
Name the fourth growths of St-Julien.
Saint-Pierre, Branaire Ducru, Talbot, Beychevelle
221
Name the fourth growths of Margaux.
Prieure-Lichine, Pouget, and Marquis de Term
222
Name five fifth growths of Paulliac.
There are 12: Pontet-Canet, Batailly, Haut-Batailley, Grand Puy Lacoste, Grand Puy Ducasse, Lynch Bages, Lynch Moussas, d'Armhailac, Haut-Bages-Liberal, Pedesclaux, Clerc Milon, Croizet-Bages
223
Name the fifth growths of Margaux.
du Tertre and Dauzac
224
Which appellations have the highest min residual sugar requirements in Bordeaux? How much it is?
51 g/l; Cotes de Bordeaux Francs, Cadillac, St Foy Bordeaux liquoreux
225
Which appellation of Bordeaux forbids chaptalization?
Cotes de Bordeaux St Macaire
226
Which grape is the most planted in Sauternes?
Semillon, 75%
227
Usually Yquem declassifies and sells to the negoce part of its production - in certain exceptional vintages, they bottle 100% of it - give 2 of these vintages
1967, 1976, 1989, 1990
228
Which classified growths are located in the communes of Barsac? Which one are NOT using the Barsac appellation, but the Sauternes?
1st = Coutet, Climens2nd = Broustet, Caillou, Doisy Daene, Doisy Vedrines, Doisy Dubroca, Nairac, Myrat, SuauSauternes aop = Caillou, Doisy Vedrines, Myrat, SuauBarsac aop = Climens, Broustet, Doisy Daene, Doisy Dubroca, Nairac, Sauternes- Barsac = Coutet
229
In what kind of years can you expect there to be less tries in Sauternes?
In particularly ripe/botrytis infected years, when a certain level of healthy grapes are desired to impart freshness to the wine, less tries are generally performed.
230
What is the minimum RS for Sauternes? What is the typical amount of RS found in Sauternes?
45 g/L; 130-140 g/L
231
Why are stuck fermentations common in making Sauternes?
Sugar acts as a preservative and bacteria and yeast do not survive well. Botrytis is also thought to inhibit the activity of yeasts.
232
What are winemaker's options for halting sweet wine fermentations in Sauternes/Barsac in order to leave the desired amount of residual sugar/alcohol?
Refrigeration and/or sulphur dioxide.
233
What three appellations for sweet wine lie opposite Barsac and Sauternes on the other side of the Garonne?
Cadillac, Loupiac, and Sainte-Croix-du-Mont
234
What are the RS, must weight, min. ABV, and max. yield requirements for Cadillac, Loupiac, and Sainte-Croix-du-Mont?
Cadillac -- 51 g/L RS, 255 g/L MMW, 15% (12% acquired) min. ABV, and 37 hl/ha max. yieldsLoupiac & Sainte-Croix-du-Mont (have the same requirements) -- 45 g/L RS, 229 g/L MMW (238 g/L for Semillon), 14.5% (12% acquired) min. ABV, and 40 hl/ha max. yields
235
What appellation surrounds Cadillac, Loupiac, and Sainte-Croix-du-Mont? What style of wine is made there?
Premiers Cotes de Bordeaux; Sweet white wine (min. 34 g/L RS)
236
Where is Cotes de Bordeaux-Saint-Macaire AOP and what styles of wine are made here?
Just east of Premiers Cotes de Bordeaux, on the north side of the river, as the Garonne flattens out and runs east/west. White wine can be made in sec, moelleux, and liquoreux styles.
237
What is the difference in potential alcohol between Barsac, Sauternes, and Cerons?
Barsac and Sauternes are both 15%, Cerons is 14.5% (all three require 12% acquired)
238
What is the maximum yield for Barsac, Sauternes, and Cerons?
25 hl/ha for Barsac and Sauternes; 40 hl/ha for Cerons
239
What two natural features separates Barsac, Sauternes, and Cerons from the rest of Graves?
The Ciron River Valley and Les Landes (forest!)
240
Why is it less common to see wines released under the Cerons AOP than Sauternes and Barsac?
Cerons has less desirable climate for sweet wine -- it doesn't get the level of botrytis that Barsac and Sauternes do because it doesn't interact with the Ciron tributary of the Garonne. Additionally (and importantly!!) Cerons can release wines under the Graves AOP, while Sauternes and Barsac can't. And with the difficulty of selling sweet wine (and the relatively strong name recognition of the Graves AOP), it makes much more sense for producers in Cerons to make dry wines and release them as Graves AOP.
241
What tributary of the Garonne separates Barsac and Sauternes?
The Ciron
242
How would you describe the difference in style between Barsac and Sauternes, and what would you attribute this to?
Barsac tends to be a bit higher acid than the other 4 communes of Sauternes, which is generally attributed to there being more limestone in the soil there.
243
What commune lies directly across the Ciron from Barsac?
Preignac
244
To what process do the terms pourri plein and pourri roti apply?
Grapes becoming botrytized. "Full rotten" vs. "Roasted rotten"
245
What are the Premier Cru Classe estates of Barsac?
Chateau Coutet and Chateau Climens
246
What commune has the most Premier Cru Classe estates in Sauternes? How many? What are they?
What commune has the most Premier Cru Classe estates in Sauternes? How many? What are they?
247
Name four Deuxiemes Cru Classe estates of Barsac?
Chateau de Myrat, Doisy Daene, Doisy Dubroca, Dosiy Vedrines, Broustet, Nairac, Caillou, Suau
248
What are the Premier Cru Classe estates of Preignac?
Just one -- Suduiraut
249
What are the Premier Cru Classe estates of Sauternes?Just one (as Chateau d'Yquem is Premier Cru Superieur) -- Guiraud
Just one (as Chateau d'Yquem is Premier Cru Superieur) -- Guiraud
250
What are the Premier Cru Classe estates of Fargues?
Just one -- Rieussec
251
Who currently owns Chateau d'Yquem?
LVMH
252
Which bank of the Garonne is St. Croix du Mont on?
Northeast
253
Which bank of the Garonne is Loupiac on?
Northeast
254
Can you make sweet wine in Cotes-de-Bordeaux Cadilliac?
No
255
Name three vintages in the 20th century in which d'Yquem was not produced.
1910, 1915, 1930, 1951, 1952, 1964, 1972, 1974, 1992, 2012
256
What conditions usually constitute a poor vintage in Sauternes/Barsac?
Most truly horrible vintages are caused by rains at harvest. Because the botrytized grapes are somewhat vulnerable, rains cause them to become severely diluted.
257
Starting with what vintage has "Y" -- Chateau d'Yquem's dry wine -- been produced every year?
2004, under the direction of LVMH
258
Who is Denis Doubordieu?
Mostly famous for making dry white wines, he is a consulting winemaker for dry wines at a number of famous sauternes estates including Doisy-Daene in Barsac and Chateau d'Yquem.
259
Name four sweet wine AOP’s of Graves.
Barsac, Cérons, Sauternes, and Graves Supérieures
260
What was the first vintage of Ygrec?
The first year for d’Yquem’s dry white wine was 1959.
261
Which two rivers have the greatest influence on the sweet wines of Graves?
The Garonne and Ciron
262
What are the best vintages of the 60s, 70s, 80s, 90s, and 00s for Sauternes and Barsac?
60s -- 1962, 196770s -- 1970, 1975, 1976, 197980s -- 1983, 1986, 1988, 198990s -- 1990, 1995, 1996, 1997, 199900s -- 2001, 2005
263
Which estates were classified for white only in the 1959 Graves Classification? Which are still in production?
Couhins, Couhins-Lurton, and Laville-Haut-Brion (Laville is now La Mission Blanc)
264
What style of wine is Graves Superieures?
Off-dry white, min. 34 g/L RS
265
Can you make rosé in any of the Graves appellations?
No, the only two appellations in all of Bordeaux for rosé are Cremant and general AOC Bordeaux
266
Which of the classified chateaux of Pessac-Leognan are located inside the city of Bordeaux (which includes the surrounding communes of Merignac, Talence, Pessac) ?
Château Pape-Clement - PessacChâteau Haut-Brion - PessacChateau La Mission Haut Brion - TalenceChateau Laville-Haut Brion, now part of Haut Brion / La Mission - TalenceChateau La Tour Haut Brion - Talence
267
Which famous aperitif is produced in Podensac?
Lillet
268
W hat is the difference in RS and yield between Graves Superieures and Cerons?
Graves Superieures = 34 g/l RS, 40 hl/ha - MW 221Cerons = 45 g/l RS, 40 hl/ha - MW 221
269
How many communes are there of Pessac-Leognan? Name five.
Ten; Pessac, Leognan, Cadaujac, Canéjan, Gradignan, Martillac, Mérignac, Saint-Médard-d'Eyrans, Talence, Villenave-d'Ornon
270
When in relation to the Medoc is the harvest in Graves?
Usually earlier, sometimes by up to two weeks.
271
What is Les Landes? What affect does it have on the climate of Graves?
Les Landes is the name of the pine forests that lie between Graves proper and the sweet wine appellations of Cerons, Barsac, and Sauternes. Have a moderating, warming climate on Graves.
272
What is the name of the specific type of gravel found in Graves?
Gunzian gravel (from the Gunzian era).
273
Why do you find very few Chateaux in northern Pessac-Leognan? Which ones are there?
Near the communes of Merignac, Pessac, and Talence in northern Pessac-Leognan, there are only few Chateaux remaining, including Haut Brion, Pape Clement, and La Mission Haut Brion. The city of Bordeaux lies directly north of this area and urban sprawl has swallowed up a lot of estates (the BDX airport is in Merignac!). As a result, the remaining estates are the ones who were financially viable enough to withstand development.
274
When was the appellation Pessac-Leognan established?
1987
275
When was the classification of Graves first drawn up? When was this classification ratified, and when was it revised? How many estates were added to the initial classification? What are they?
Graves was first classified in 1953, though this classification wasn't ratified until 1958. In 1959, this classification was revised, and 6 new estates were added: Couhins, Couhins-Lurton, Latour-Martillac, Malartic-Lagraviere, Fieuzal and Pape Clement
276
What two classified estates of Graves are no longer in production under their name? What do wines from these Chateaux go towards?
Both Laville Haut Brion and La Tour Haut Brion no longer produce wine under those names. Laville had its final vintage in 2008; La Tour, 2005. The wines once made at Laville Haut Brion (in Talence, classified as white only) are now rebranded as the white wine of La Mission Haut Brion. La Tour Haut Brion (in Talence, classified for red only) is now used for the second wine of La Mission Haut Brion -- La Chapelle de la Mission Haut Brion.
277
Name three Chateaux of Pesssac-Leognan that are not part of the 1959 classification.
Brown, Les Carmes Haut Brion, Larrivet-Haut-Brion
278
What is the difference in AOP requirements between Graves and Pessac-Leognan?
Rouge can have a higher max. RS sugar in Pessac-Leognan (4g/L vs. 3g/L)Blanc has a higher min. alcohol in Pessac-Leognan (11% vs. 10.5%)Lower max. yields and higher min. planting density in Pessac-Leognan
279
What are the 6 AOPs for Graves?
Graves AOP, Graves Superieures AOP, Pessac-Leognan AOP, Barsac AOP, Cerons AOP, Sauternes AOP
280
What AOP is Y'Quem's dry white wine ("Y" or "Y'grec") released as?
Bordeaux AOP (Barsac and Sauternes are not eligible to release wines as Graves AOP. I have seen bottles labeled "Bordeaux Superieur" which implies it was at one point semi-sweet, but I can't find evidence to substantiate this.)
281
What styles of wine are made in Graves Superieurs AOP?
White wine only (SB, SG, Sem, & Muscadelle) with at least 34 g/L RS. Min. must weight 221 g/L, min. potential alcohol 13.5% (12% acquired).
282
What are the two northernmost Cru Classé of Pessac-Leognan?
Châteaux Haut-Brion (Pessac) and La Mission Haut-Brion (Talence)
283
What is the commune for Château Pape-Clément?
Pessac
284
Name the three properties in Graves that are only classified as Cru Classé for dry white wine.
Châteaux Couhins, Couhins-Lurton, and Laville-Haut-Brion
285
Name the Chateaux in Graves that are only classified as Cru Classe for dry red wines.
Ch. Haut Bailly, Ch. de Fieuzal, Ch. Smith-Haut-Lafitte, Ch. Haut Brion, Ch. La Mission Haut Brion, Ch. Pape Clement, Ch. La Tour Haut Brion
286
Name the properties in Graves that are classified as Cru Classé for both red wine and white wine.
Ch. Bouscaut, Ch. Carbonneiux, Domaine de Chevalier, Ch. d'Olivier, Ch. Malartic Lagraviere, and Ch. La Tour-Martillac
287
What was the first vintage of Ygrec?
The first year for d’Yquem’s dry white wine was 1959
288
In its early years, what classified growth of Graves was known as Chateau Pontac?
Chateau Haut-Brion
289
What Chateaux in Pessac-Leognan are owned by SA Clarence Dillon?
Haut Brion, La Mission Haut Brion, Laville Haut Brion, and La Tour Haut Brion (the later two now making wine for La Mission Haut Brion)
290
What are the vineyard plantings at Chateau Haut-Brion? La Mission Haut Brion? Pape Clement? Smith-Haut-Lafitte?
Haut Brion: 45% Cabernet Sauvignon, 40% Merlot, and 15% Cabernet FrancLa Mission Haut Brion: 46% Cab, 46% Merlot, 8% Cab FrancPape Clement: 60% Cab, 40% MerlotSmith-Haut-Lafitte: 55% Cab, 35% Merlot, 9% Cab Franc, 1% Petit Verdot
291
Who owns Chateau Pape Clement, and what other Chateaux in Bordeaux does he own?
Bernard Magrez; Ch. Fombrauge in St. Emilion (Grand Cru Classe), Ch. La Tour Carnet in the Haut Medoc (4th growth), and Clos Haut Peyraguey in Sauternes (1st growth)
292
Why is Haut Brion not classified for its white as well as its red?
Haut Brion did not ask for classification for its white wine, as it makes too little
293
Which classification could you find in the Medoc?
- Classification of 1855- Cru Bourgeois- Cru Artisan
294
What is the difference between "petite vidure" and "grosse vidure"?
petite vidure = CF, grosse vidure = CS
295
Which AOP of the Medoc has the highest min potential %?
they are all the same at 11%
296
Give 3 estates of Moulis and Listrac-Medoc.
Moulis = Chasse-Spleen, Poujeaux, ClarkeListrac-Medoc = Fourcas Dupre, Fourcas Hostens, Grand Listrac
297
What is the local name of the springs delimitating the communes and flowing to the Dordogne?
Jalle
298
Rank the communes of Margaux from south to north - which one does not have any classified growth?
Arsac, Labarde, Cantenac, Margaux, Soussans;Soussans
299
Most of the major communes of the Médoc received their AOC status in the 1930’s. Which prominent Commune received its status well after this?
Margaux became an AOP in 1954.
300
Most red grapes from the Médoc and neighboring communes have a minimum must weight of 180 g/l. Which grape has a higher minimum must weight and what the heck is that minimum must weight?
Merlot has a minimum must weight of 189 g/l
301
In which commune of the Médoc are the villages of Pez and Marbuzet?
St-Estèphe
302
Which is the southernmost communes of production for Margaux?
Arsac.
303
What is a jalle?
Jalles are the small streams that run at 90' angles into the Gironde in the Medoc. They separate the communes and provide for natural drainage.
304
Name three Chateaux of Moulis?
Ch. Chasse-Spleen, Ch. Maucaillou, Ch. Poujeaux
305
Name five communes of the Haut-Medoc.
This is an easier question than we think. The Haut-Medoc AOP includes all of the communes of St. Estephe, Paulliac, St. Julien, and Margaux. (So if you can name the five communes of Margaux, that counts!) The full list is: Arcins, Arsac, Avensan, Blanquefort, Cantenac, Castelnau-de-Médoc, Cissac-Médoc, Cussac-Fort-Médoc, Labarde, Lamarque, Listrac-Médoc, Ludon-Médoc, Macau, Margaux, Moulis-en-Médoc, Parempuyre, Pauillac, Le Pian-Médoc, Saint-Aubin-de-Médoc, Saint-Estèphe, Saint-Julien-Beychevelle, Saint-Laurent-Médoc, Saint-Médard-en-Jalles, Saint-Sauveur, Saint-Seurin-de-Cadourne, Sainte-Hélène, Soussans, Le Taillan-Médoc, Vertheuil
306
What is the minimum alcohol for wines of the Medoc? Does this differ from the communal appellations (St. Estephe, Paulliac, etc.)?
11%, and nope -- it's 11% down the board throughout the Medoc.
307
Where is Ch. Sociando-Mallet?
Located just north of St. Estephe in the Haut Medoc.
308
What are the classified growths of the Haut Medoc?
La Lagune (3rd)La Tour Carnet (4th)Cantermerle (5th)Camensac (5th)Belgrave (5th)
309
What is the only classified growth in Arsac?
Chateau du Tetre (5eme cru)
310
What are the classified growths of Labarde?
Chateau Dauzac (5eme cru)Chateau Giscours (5eme cru)
311
What are the classified growths of Cantenac?
Brane-Cantenac (2eme)Kirwan (3eme)d'Issan (3eme)Boyd-Cantenac (3eme)Cantenac-Brown (3eme)Palmer (3eme)Pouget (4eme)Prieure-Lichine (4eme)
312
In what commune are the wines of St. Julien concentrated? What are the other three communes that cover St. Julien?
Saint-Julien-Beychevelle; Cussac-Fort-Médoc, Pauillac, Saint-Laurent-Médoc
313
Before 1998, what was the second wine of Chateau Palmer?
Reserve de General
314
Who makes "Historical XIXth Century Wine" and what is it?
Chateau Palmer's homage to the "Hermitaged" style of wine made in the 19th century. Includes a small percentage of Syrah. Non-vintage.
315
What other Chateau has vineyards contiguous with Latour's l'Enclos?
Leoville-las-Cases
316
What was the first vintage of Le Petit Lion de Leoville-las-Cases? Before that, what was the second wine of Leoville-las-Cases?
The first vintage of Le Petit Lion was 2007. Before that, Leoville-las-Cases did not have a second wine. Many incorrectly think of Clos du Marquis (first vintage 1902) as Leoville's second wine, but Clos du Marquis always came from a separate plot of land further inland from the vines destined for the grand vin, so technically cannot be considered a second wine.
317
What was the first estate-bottled vintage of Mouton-Rothschild and who designed the label?
1924; Jean Carlu
318
Which classified growth has been absorbed by Chateau Belair-Monange?
Chateau Magdelaine
319
What are the difference in yield between St Emilion and St Emilion Grand Cru?
53hl/ha vs 46hl/ha (and 11 vs 11.5% // release 15th of April vs 15th of May of the year following the harvest)
320
What two classified estates of St Emilion lie on the gravel mounds on the western side of the appellation?
Cheval Blanc & Figeac
321
Which is the smallest of St Emilion Satellites?
St Georges, which is included inside Montagne St Emilion
322
When can Pomerol wines be released? Could they be 100% Petit Verdot? What about Lalande-de-Pomerol?
15 of November of the year following the harvest - yes (non min / max mandatory) - Lalande can be released the 31th of March following the harvest, and CS, CF, Merlot, Malbec must represent a min of 70% of the blend - Carmenere and PV a max of 10% (+ the yield are different, 49 vs 53)
323
For these wines give their usual blend (the one usually annouced by the estate)Le Pin ValandraudLa Mondotte Ausone Angelus Pavie Cheval blanc Petrus Lafleur Trotanoy VCC
Le Pin = 100% merlotValandraud = 65% Merlot 25% CF 5% CS 4% Malbec (different sources and % for this one)La Mondotte = 75% M 25% CFAusone = 55% CF 45% MAngelus = 50% M 45%CF 5%CSPavie = 60% M 30% CF 10% CSCheval blanc = 60% CF 40% MPetrus = 95% M 5 %CFLafleur = 50% M 50% CFTrotanoy = 90% M 10% CFVCC = 60%M 30% CF 10% CSw
324
Describe the soil type of Cheval Blanc vs. Ausone.
Cheval Blanc is on the gravel outposts on the western edge of St. Emilion, bordering Pomerol. The soil is a combination of gravel and clay with sand and iron. Ausone is on the cotes surrounding the plateau near the city of St. Emilion itself. The soil here is dominated by clay and limestone.
325
In what recent vintage did we see the amount of Cabernet Franc used in Cheval Blanc as low as 40%?
2009
326
What two properties were promoted from Grand Cru Classe to Premier Grand Cru Classe B in the 2012 classification of St Emilion?
Canon-la-Gaffeliere and Larcis-Ducasse
327
What two properties, which had never been classified before, emerged on the 2012 St Emilion Classification as Premier Grand Cru Classe B?
La Mondotte and Valandraud
328
What two properties were promoted from Grand Cru Classe to Premier Grand Cru Classe B in the 2006 classification of St Emilion (and allowed to keep their promotions even though the demotions of that classification were negated)?
Troplong-Mondot and Pavie-Macquin
329
What steps were taken in the 2012 classification of St Emilion to avoid the accusations of partiality that plagued the 2006 classification?
The Syndicat Viticole of St Emilion passed all authority to the INAO who appointed a board of judges from outside of Bordeaux
330
Describe the ways in which the classification of St Emilion was structured differently than the 1855 classification of the Medoc.
Three main ways: 1) Inclusion would depend on submitted requests, not a ranking of local merchants 2) Ranking would be based on tasting and analysis of the estate rather than market value of the wines 3) It would be reassessed periodically rather than set in stone
331
What was the scoring criteria for Grand Cru Classe/Premier Grand Cru Classe for the St Emilion classification of 2012?
50% tasting of 10 vintages/30% tasting of 15 vintages20%/30% analysis of topography and soil10%/5% analysis of viticulture and winemaking20%/35% reputation of the estate
332
Into what two sectors is the plateau of St. Emilion split?
St. Martin plateau (western side), St. Christophe plateau (eastern side)
333
What two rivers define the western side of St. Emilion?
The Isle and the Dronne
334
What borders St Emilion on the north, west, south, and east?
N -- Route Nationale 10W -- towns of Libourne & PomerolS -- the Ruisseua la Capelle & DordogneE -- Cotes de Castillon
335
Are there different must weight requirements for the major left bank communes vs. St Emilion & Pomerol?
Yes, but just for Merlot. Both are 180 g/L for all the grapes except Merlot. On the left bank, Merlot is required to be harvested at 189 g/L and for St Emilion and Pomerol, at 194 g/L.
336
What are the assemblage requirements for Fronsac?
Merlot, Cab, Cab Franc, and Malbec must make up at least 50% of the blend.
337
What style of wine is made in Cotes de Bordeaux-Castillon?
Dry red wine only.
338
What two rivers provide the northern and southern borders of Pomerol?
N -- BarbanneS -- Taillas
339
What right bank Chateaux are the following figures associated with?Christian Moueix Jacques Thienpont Alain Vauthier Pierre Lurton
Christian Moueix -- Petrus (and Trotanoy)Jacques Thienpont -- Le PinAlain Vauthier -- AusonePierre Lurton -- Cheval Blanc
340
Which vintage of Bordeaux produced 8 wines scored 100 Points by Wine Spectator upon release? Can you name four of them? Which was the most expensive and which was the least expensive for release prices?
2005. Château Pétrus ($4975), Château Ausone ($2000), Château Lafleur ($2000), Château Margaux ($1080), Château Haut-Brion ($930), Château Pavie ($405), Château Léoville Las Cases ($315), Château L’Evangile ($260)
341
Follow up: What vintage of Bordeaux, only four years later, produced 19 wines scored 100 points by Parker? What was the only fifth growth?
2009; Pontet-Canet; The full list: Beausejour Duffau Lagarrosse, Bellevue Mondotte, Clinet, Clos Fourtet, Cos D’Estournel, Ducru Beaucaillou, L’Evangile, Haut Brion, Latour, Leoville Poyferre, La Mission Haut Brion, Mondotte, Montrose, Pavie, Petrus, Le Pin. Pontet Canet, Smith Haut Lafitte Rouge
342
Please list the following properties in descending order for their release price from the 2010 vintage (highest to lowest): Château Lynch-Bages, Château Mouton-Rothschild, Château D’Armailhac, and Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste.
Château Mouton-Rothschild > Château Lynch-Bages > Château Grand-Puy-Lacoste > Château D’Armailhac
343
What are the most successful vintages of the 60’s for the Left Bank?
1961 and 1966
344
If a customer was heart set on enjoying a bottle of Bordeaux from the following vintages, which region would you recommend for a serviceable wine: 1983, 1993, 2003.
Margaux for 1983, Pomerol for 1993, and Pauillac for 2003.
345
Which property had the highest release price of any estate with the 2000 release?
Château Pétrus ($1800)
346
All of the wines from Bordeaux were the same vintage in the Judgment of Paris tasting in 1976 except for one. What was the primary vintage, and what was the wine from a different vintage and what was that vintage while you’re at it?
1970. The exception was Château Léoville Las Cases 1971
347
There was one judge at the Judgment of Paris tasting that represented a property from Bordeaux. His wine was not in the tasting. Who was this and what property did he represent?
The owner of Château Giscours, Pierre Tari, was there. At the time of the tasting he also served as the President of the Union des Grands Crus de Bordeaux.
348
Describe the 2012 growing season in Bordeaux.
Rainy and cold throughout flowering with drought in August. Low yields and small berries with thick skins. Made for irradic wines with toothy tannins. Merlot fared better than Cabernet Sauvignon as clay soils retained water better than gravel.
349
What was the best vintage of the 70s in Bordeaux?
Out of a string of rather limp vintages in the 70s, 1978 was the best.
350
What year of the 90s saw terrible Spring frosts that killed 80% of the crop in Bordeaux?
1991
351
What lauded vintage of the 21st century saw hail in July and August that wiped out a large portion of the crop, especially in St. Emilion and Entre-deux-Mers?
2009
352
What three vintages of the 21st century routinely saw Merlot being harvest at 15+% potential alcohol in Bordeaux?
2003, 2009, and 2010
353
Name three estates that are fully converted to bio-dynamics in Bordeaux.
Climens (Barsac), Durfort-Vivens (Margaux), Pontet-Canet (Paulliac), Gombarde-Guillot (Pomerol), Mazeyres (Pomerol), Fonroque (Pomerol), Clos Puy Arnaud (Castillon)
354
Name three influences that Emile Peynaud had in Bordeaux.
Stainless steel fermentations, new oak elevage, hygiene and temperature control, inducing MLF, promotion of second wines.
355
What is routinely the most expensive second wine in Bordeaux?
Carruades de Lafite
356
In what year did it become compulsory for classed Chateaux to estate bottle?
1972
357
What first growth removed itself from en primeur sales in 2012?
Chateau Latour
358
What three Chateaux were split off from what was once one large estate known as Beychevelle?
Beychevelle, Brainare-Ducru, and Ducru-Beaucaillou
359
Charles Chevalier is the managing director for which three classed Bordeaux Chateaux?
Lafite-Rothschild, Duhart-Milon, and Rieussec
360
What Paulliac estate owns a 4.5 ha plot in St Estephe called "La Caillava" that contributes to its grand vin?
Lafite-Rothschild
361
What classed growth was once known as Chateau Mouton Baron Phillipe?
Chateau d'Armhailac; Mouton-Rothschild bought d'Armhailac in the 1920s and renamed it Mouton Baron Phillipe. d'Armhailac is still under the ownership of Mouton, but was changed back to its original name (if anyone knows the year in which this happened, please share!)
362
What was the first vintage of Le Petit Mouton?
1993
363
What estates border Chateau Latour on the north and south?
North -- Haut Bages Liberal; South -- Leoville-las-Cases
364
What is the third wine of Chateau Latour?
Paulliac de Latour
365
What is Roc de Cambes? Who owns it and what is the cepage?
Roc de Cambes is an estate in the Cotes de Bourg. It was purchased by Ch. Tetre-Rotebouef in 1988. It is 65% Merlot usually, with the remainder being Cabernet Sauvignon and Cabernet Franc. 15-18 months in 50% new French oak.
366
What is the current market price (US market / wine-searcher) for:Ausone 2005 Petrus 2005 Haut Brion 2005 Lafite 2005Latour 2005Le Pin 2005
Ausone 2005 = $1800Petrus 2005 = $3900Haut Brion 2005 = $800Lafite 2005 = $1100Latour 2005 = $900Le Pin 2005 = $3700
367
What is the first vintage forLa Mondotte Le Pin Valandraud
La Mondotte - 1996Le Pin - 1979 Valandraud - 1991
368
What are the best vintages for white Pessac Leognan in the 1990's.
1990, 1993, 1994
369
Domaine Barons de Rothschild (Lafite) owns other estates in Bordeaux - which ones? give their commnune and rank - bonus - which winery do they own in Chile? Where?
Duhart-Milon - Pauillac, 4th Rieussec - Sauternes AOP , Fargues 1stL'Evangile - Pomerol, none Paradis-Casseuil - Entre-deux-Mers, nonePeyre-Labade - Haut-Medoc, noneLos Vascos, Cochalgua
370
Describe how the Gironde Estuary affects the climate of Bordeaux.
The Gironde Estuary takes the moderating influences of the Atlantic and the Gulf Stream and brings them inland
371
How does the climate differ between Medoc and the right bank?
The climate becomes less maritime and more continental on the right bank.
372
Name three of the most common weather hazards in Bordeaux.
- Winter & Spring frosts (yields)- Hail in July & August (yields)- Rain at harvest causing rot, mold, and dilution
373
What appellation lies directly across the Gironde Estuary from Marguax?
Cotes de Bourg
374
What is "calcaire a asteries"?
Hard limestone of the right bank, named for the billions of of fossilized starfish within it.
375
What does limestone become as it erodes, and how does this affect the soil composition of St Emilion?
Limestone becomes clay as it erodes; the limestone plateau of St-Emilion has slopes of clay
376
When was Cru Bourgeois first drawn up and how many properties did it originally have?
1932; 444
377
When was Cru Bourgeois reconceptualized as an annual award of quality rather than a classification?
The 2003 update was annulled in 2007 and restructured. Now based on a tasting panel -- can be awarded to any estate of the Medoc.
378
Name three estates who were awarded Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel in 2003?
There were nine:Chasse-Spleen (Moulis)Haut-Marbuzet (St. Estephe)Labegorce-Zede (Margaux)Ormes de Pez (St. Estephe)de Pez (St. Estephe)Phelan-Segur (St. Estephe)Potensac (Medoc)Poujeaux (Moulis)Siran
379
What three tiers were created in the 2003 version of Cru Bourgeois?
Cru Bourgeois Exceptionnel, Cru Bourgeois Superieur, and Cru Bourgeois
380
Name three fungal diseases that Cabernet Sauvignon is susceptible to.
Eutypa Dieback, Esca, Powdery Mildew
381
Name three estates in Bordeaux that typically use more than 50% Cabernet Franc.
Le Dôme (80%), Ausone (55%), Cheval Blanc (40-55%) -- all St. Emilion
382
What Bordeaux grape has parent/off-spring relationship with two Basque grapes?
Cabernet Franc
383
Why is Cabernet Franc more susceptible to coulure than Cabernet Sauvignon?
Because it buds and ripens earlier
384
Why is Petite Verdot used in Bordeaux?
Contributes substance, structure, and color to a blend
385
What producer in Margaux is known for using a significant amount of Petite Verdot?
Palmer (5-8%)
386
Name two synonyms for Cabernet Franc.
Bouchet (Bordeaux), Breton (Loire)
387
What is the last of the Bordelais grapes to ripen?
Petite Verdot!
388
What is Malbec known as on the right bank?
Pressac
389
When did Malbec plantings significantly decrease in Bordeaux?
After the frost of 1956, few Malbec vines were replanted. It fufills the same purpose as Merlot and is less demanding.
390
What is the parentage of Carmenere?
Cabernet Franc x Gros Cabernet
391
Name an example of the following:- 100% Semillon Sauternes- Semillon dominated dry white- 100% SB Bordeaux Blanc- 100% SB Sauternes
- Ch. Climens- La Mission Haut Brion & Ch. Haut Brion- Pavillon Blanc (Margaux)- L'Extravagant (Doisy Daene)
392
What are Sauvignon Gris and Muscadelle said to contribute to a white Bordeaux blend?
SG -- plush, pink-skinned, floral, perfumedMuscadelle -- fresh and perfumed vibrancy
393
Describe three mechanisms for sorting machines.
- Can exclude damaged fruit by shooting it against a flat surface -- the intact berries bounce off and the damaged ones stick- Can sort by density -- grapes are floated through sugar must, the ripe, sugar-rich berries sink, the unripe berries float- Optical density -- computer
394
Name three methods of water removal used in Bordeaux.
- Boiling -- low pressure evaporation (vacuum -- low temps)- Freezing -- cryo-extraction- Molecular methods -- reverse osmosis
395
What is a regisseur?
General manager-come-winemaker when absent nobility owned chateaux in Bordeaux.
396
Describe three advantages of second wines in Bordeaux.
1. Increase quality of first wine2. Second wines generate more revenue than if those grapes were sold off in bulk.3. Prevents any bottling by a negociant being touted as grapes from a certain chateau4. Offers a lower priced alternative for brand loyalty
397
What is coupage?
"Cutting" -- practice of adding Spanish wine and Hermitage to Bordeaux in the 18th century. Very common for up to 15% to be added. Referred to us "vins coupes" vs. "vins purs"
398
What is an abonnement?
A "subscription" -- negociants would buy in abonnements from Bordeaux Chateaux in order to secure prices for a stretch of time. Ultimately favored negociants as time went by and prices rose.
399
What is "sur souche"?
Practice of negociants buying grapes while they were still on the vine. Fell out of favor with the 1961 vintage which was sold off cheap and ended up being magnificent.
400
When does the practice of en primeur tastings date back to?
1840s -- negociants who didn't buy in abonnements or sur souche would taste in the Spring.
401
When did it become common for consumers to be involved in en primeur tastings?
In the 1970s. As estate bottling became ubiquitous, consumers invested in futures rather than merchants who bought barrels from negociants.
402
When are en primeur tastings generally held?
The first week of April
403
What is the min ABV and yields for Graves?
Blanc: 10.5/58 hl/haRouge: 11/55 hl/ha
404
What is the difference in terroir between Pessac-Leognan and Graves du Sud?
Graves du Sud is warmer, with less consistency of soil -- gravel with clay and limestone
405
What six Chateaux were added to the 1953 Graves classification in 1959.
Couhins, Couhins-Lurton, Latour-Martillac, Malartic Lagravière, Fieuzal, and Pape Clement
406
When was Pessac-Leognan created as an appellation?
1987
407
How many estates were originally classified in Graves in 1953? How many are there today?
10 were originally classified in 1953, with 6 more being added in 1959. Two are no longer in operation (Laville Haut Brion and La Tour Haut Brion), bringing the number to 14.
408
What is the min. alcohol, must weight, and max. yield of Barsac and Sauternes? What are the differences is Cerons' AOP reqs?
Min. potential alcohol 15% (12% acquired)Min. must weight 221 g/LMax. yield 25 hl/ha Cerons -- min. potential alcohol 14.5% (12% acquired still) and yields are 40 hl/ha
409
What river separates Cerons and Barsac?
Saint-Cricq
410
Describe the soil type of Sauternes.
Gunzian and colluvial gravel with sand and clay. Some areas of calcaire a asteries (limestone/clay) -- more prominent in Barsac.
411
Name the five communes of Sauternes from north to south.
Barsac, Preignac, Bommes, Fargues, Sauternes
412
Where would you find traditional "taille a cots" pruning?
Sauternes
413
Where is Cotes de Bordeaux Saint-Macaire, and what styles of wine can be made there?
South of Loupiac, Cadillac, etc. between the Garonne and the Dordogne. Blanc sec, moelleux, and liquoreux
414
What are the four subzones of Cotes de Bordeaux AOP? What styles of wine can be made in each?
Cadillac, Francs, Castillon & BlayeNo subzone designation, Castillon & Cadillac -- rouge onlyBlaye -- Blanc sec and rougeFrancs -- Blanc sec and blanc liquoreux
415
What style of wine is Cotes de Bordeaux (if no subzone designate)?
Rouge only
416
What is the minimum alcohol for Cotes de Bordeaux with and without subzone designate?
11/11.5
417
May wines from the communal appellations of the Medoc (Margaux, St. Estephe, etc.) release wines as Medoc AOP?
No -- they may release as Haut-Medoc, not Medoc
418
What separates St. Estephe from the Medoc?
The Chenal de Calon
419
What four estates of St. Julien line the Gironde estuary?
Leoville-las-CasesLeoville-BartonLeoville-PoyferreDucru Beaucaillou
420
The Chanel de Gaer divides what in half?
Paulliac
421
What first growths bookend the appellation of Paulliac?
Lafite in the north and Latour in the south
422
What is Mouton Cadet?
For years it was a second wine of Ch. Mouton-Rothschild, and Ch. Mouton-Baron-Phillipe (d'Armhailac), and now it is a global brand made by negoce firm Baron Phillipe de Rothschild SA.
423
What is Aile d'Argent?
White wine of Mouton-Rothschild
424
What other properties does Mouton-Rothschild own?
d'Armhailac and Clerc-Milon
425
Name three cru Bourgeois sites of St Estephe?
Ormes de Pez, Phelan-Segur, Meyney, Beau-Site
426
How is the soil different in St-Estephe and name two effects.
Richer in clay -- gives greater richness and structure as well as provides an advantage in hot, dry years because of moisture retention
427
What style of wine is made in Fronsac and where is it?
Dry red wine (Cab, Cab Franc, Merlot and Malbec must account for at least 50%); due west of Pomerol.
428
What style of wine is made in Canon-Fronsac?
Dry red wine (same AOP requirements at Fronsac)
429
Where is Graves de Vayres and what style of wine is made there?
On the Dordogne river, across from Fronsac (between the Dordogne and the Garonne). Blanc, blanc sec, and rouge are made.
430
Each of the satellites of St-Emilion have their own commune except one. Name it.
St. Georges is within the Montagne commune.
431
What are the communes of Pomerol.
Libourne, Pomerol
432
What styles of wine are made in Blaye AOP? Cotes de Blaye?
Rouge only; Blanc sec only
433
What styles of wine can be made in Cotes de Bourg? What appellation surrounds it?
dry red and white wine; Cotes de Blaye/Blaye
434
What is the subzone of Entre-deux-Mers?
Haut-Benauge
435
Can Entre-deux-Mers AOP be varietal wines?
NO. Must be a combination of at least two principal grapes (SB, SG, Sem, Musc). Accessory varieties (Ugni Blanc, Colombard, Mauzac & Merlot Blanc) may not account for more than 30% of the blend.
436
Where is Sainte-Foy-Bordeaux and what styles of wine are made there?
Further upriver (east) of the major right bank appellations, south of the Dordogne. Blanc sec, moelleux, and liquoreux as well as rouge.
437
How does soil type differ from one side of Pomerol to the next and how does this affect the wine?
Western side is sandier, lesser quality. Eastern side has more gravel with clay.
438
Why are spring frosts a greater concern in Pomerol than elsewhere in Bordeaux?
Merlot ripens earlier and is more susceptible to spring frosts. Dominance of Merlot in Pomerol makes it particularly risky.
439
What are the principal red and white grapes of the Rhodes PDO?
Mandilaria -- redAthiri -- white
440
What are the two PDO appellations of Rhodes?
Rhodes PDO & Muscat of Rhodes PDO
441
What red grape originated on the island of Lemnos but is no longer important on the island?
Lemnio
442
T or F: Lemnos PDO wines must be dry.
False: Lemnos PDO wines can be dry or medium sweet.
443
Lemnos PDO wines are dominated by what grape?
Muscat
444
What style of wine are Muscat of Lemnos wines?
Vin doux naturel
445
What is the naturally sweet version of Muscat of Samos called? How is it made and what are the aging requirements?
Samnos Nectar; made similarly to vin de paille -- dried grapes; aged for a min. of 3 years prior to release.
446
What style can Muscat of Samos be made in?
Vin de liqueur, vin doux naturel, or naturally sweet
447
In the Muscat of Samos PDO, Muscat Blanc a Petits Grains is known as what?
Moscato Aspro
448
What is the PDO of Samos?
Muscat of Samos
449
Samos is an island in what sea?
Aegean Sea
450
What is the only Greek appellation to mandate the use of a white grape in red blends?
Paros PDO
451
What are the major white and red grapes of the Paros PDO?
Mandilaria -- redMonemvassia -- white
452
What style of sweet wine is produced in the Santorini PDO?
"Vinsanto" = dried grape wine from Assyrtiko & Aidani
453
What is the soil type of Santorini?
Poor, volcanic soils
454
What is unique about the vine training on Santorini and why?
Santorini is affected by strong Aegean winds so vines are trained in a stefani (crown) shape low to the ground that allows the grapes to be sheltered in the middle of the vine crown.
455
What is the major grape and supporting grapes of the Santorini PDO?
Assyrtiko, sometimes blended with Athiri and Aidani.
456
What are the two Cyclades islands?
Santorini and Paros.
457
What are the major white and red grapes of the Peza PDO?
white -- 100% Vilanared-- blend of Mandilaria and Kotsifali
458
What are the major white and red grapes of the Sitia PDO?
white -- Vilanared -- Liatiko
459
What style of wine is produced in the Dafnes PDO? What grape is used?
100% Liatiko, reds only, dry or sweet.
460
What is the most common red grape throughout the Aegean?
Mandilaria.
461
What style of wine is made in the Archanes PDO?
Red only. Mandilaria blended with Kotsifali.
462
What are the four PDO zones of Crete?
Archanes, Dafnes, Sitia & Peza
463
What Greek island accounts for 20% of all Greek wine production?
Crete
464
What is the largest and southernmost Greek isle?
Crete
465
The Aegean islands can be found where in relation to the mainland of Greece?
Southeast.
466
Verdea is similar to what famous wine styles?
Vin Jaune & Sherry
467
Where are Verdea Traditional Appellation wines produced?
Kerkyra (Corfu) -- Ionian Islands
468
What are the PDO appellations of Cephalonia and what styles of wine do they make.
Robolo of Cephalonia (dry white); Mavrodaphne (sweet red) & Muscat of Cephalonia (sweet white)
469
What are the 4 wine producing islands in the Ionian Sea? What is the only PDO?
Cephalonia, Kerkyra (Corfu), Lefkada, Zakynthos. Cephanolia is the only PDO.
470
What is Retsina?
An aromatized white wine flavored with Aleppo pine resin.
471
What are the varietal and aging requirements for Monemvassia-Malvasia PDO?
Must be aged in an oxidative environment for at least 2 years and must at least be 51% Monemvassia.
472
Achaia Clauss is a famous estate for the production of what wine?
Mavrodaphne of Patras.
473
What are the aging requirements for Mavrodaphne of Patras?
At least 1 year in wood before release.
474
Marri Korinthiaki is a currant grape used for enriching the sugar content of what wine?
Mavrodaphne of Patras
475
What grape translates to 'black laurel'?
Mavrodaphne
476
T or F: Muscat of Patras and Muscat of Rio Patras PDOs must be made in a vin doux naturel style.
False, they can be made naturally sweet too.
477
What are the 4 sweet PDO regions of the Peloponnese?
Muscat of Patras, Muscat of Rio Patras, Mavrodaphne of Patras, Monemvassia-Malvasia.
478
Patras PDO are dry white wines produced from 100% of what grape?
Roditis
479
What grape is the principal component of Mantinia PDO wines?
Moschofilero
480
True or False: wines of Nemea can only be dry?
False, they can be dry or sweet.
481
What PDO is the phrase "blood of the lion"/"blood of Hercules" associated with?
Nemea
482
Koutsi is a sub-zone of what PDO?
Nemea
483
What is the grape of Nemea?
Agiorgitiko (St. George)
484
What are the 3 dry PDO regions of the Peloponnese?
Nemea, Mantinia, and Patras.
485
What region is directly south of Sterea Ellada?
Peloponnese
486
Where is the most Retsina produced?
Central Greece (Sterea Ellada), specifically Attika, the region surrounding Athens.
487
What is the only PDO zone of Epirus, and what kind of wine does it make and from what grape?
Zitsa PDO; dry, semi-sweet, and sparkling wine made from the Debina grape.
488
What region lies to the west of Thessalia on the Ionian Coast?
Epirus
489
Anchialos PDO allows for only ____ wine blended from what two grapes?
White; Roditis & Sauvatiano
490
Messenikola is a PDO in ______ that produces only _______ wine.
Thessalia; red.
491
What PDO sits at the base of Mt. Olympus?
Rapsani
492
The Rapsani PDO is primarily planted to what grape? What grapes is it mandatory to blend with it?
Xinomavro; Krasato & Starroto
493
What are the 3 PDO districts of Thessalia?
Rapsani, Messenikola, Anchialos
494
Who is the winemaker at Domaine Carras, and what grape has he resurrected from the brink of extinction under his own label in the PGI district Thessaloniki in Northern Greece?
Evangelos Gerovassiliou; Malagousia
495
What are the white and red varietals used by Domaine Carras in the Slopes of Meliton PDO?
red -- Cab, Cab Franc, Limniowhite -- Assyrtiko, Athiri, and Roditis
496
What PDO is a single estate appellation for Domaine Carras? What region is it in?
Slopes of Meliton PDO; Macedonia.
497
What is Greece's coolest appellation?
Amynteo, within Macedonia
498
What are the required grapes of the Goumenissa PDO? What region is it in?
Xinomavro w/ at least 20% Negoska; Macedonia
499
What Greek grape translates to "acid black"?
Xinomavro
500
Which 2 PDOs in Macedonia produce wines solely from the Xinomavro grape?
Naoussa & Amynteo
