MSK 27 - Posterior Abdominal Wall, Pelvis, and Clinical-I

Question 1

What are the upper and lower boundaries of the abdominopelvic cavity?

Answer 1

Upper boundary is the thoraco-abdominal diaphragm

Lower boundary is the pelvic diaphragm

Question 2

What divides the abdominal and pelvic cavities?

Answer 2

Question 3

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Question 4

Where do the three pelvic bones fuse and when?

Answer 4

The Ilium, Ischium, and Pubis fuse at the acetabulum during adolescence

Question 5

What bones and articulations make up the pelvic girdle?

Answer 5

Question 6

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Question 7

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Question 8

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Question 9

Differentiate the “true pelvis” from the “false pelvis.”

Answer 9

Question 10

What structures compose the pelvic inlet?

Answer 10

Sacral Promontory

Sacral Ala

Arcuate Line

Pectineal Line

Pubic Crest

Question 11

Label cartoon and say what it shows.

Answer 11

The pelvic inlet

Question 12

What structures compse the pelvic outlet?

Answer 12

Pubic Symphyses

Ischiopubic ramus

Ischial Tuberosities

Sacrotuberous Ligaments

Sacrum

Question 13

Label cartoon and say what it shows.

Answer 13

The Pelvic Outlet

Question 14

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Question 15

Identify the auricular surface and say what its purpose is.

Answer 15

Articulates with the sacrum.

Question 16

What type of joint are the sacroiliac joints?

Answer 16

Two Types

Synovial - mobile

Syndesmoses - an immovable joint in which bones are joined by connective tissue

Question 17

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Question 18

How are weight bearing forces transferred to the pelvic girdle?

Answer 18

Through the vertebral column

Question 19

List the different pelvic measurements

Answer 19

Conjugate (AP) - sacral promontory to superior border of pubic symphysis

Conjugate diagonal - sacral promontory to inferior border of pubic symphysis

Transverse - left to right measurement through midpoint of conjugate (AP)

Oblique - sacroiliac articulation to opposite point passing through conjugate (AP) midpoint

Interspinous Diameter (narrowest) - between the anterior superior iliac spines

Anterior Posterior (AP) diameter of pelvic outlet - from the lower margin of the pubic symphysis to the sacrococcygeal joint

Question 20

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Question 21

What are pelvic measurements used for?

Answer 21

To determine the fixed size of the birth canal and the likelihood of a safe vaginal delivery

Question 22

How do you determine gender from the pelvis.

Answer 22

Question 23

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Question 24

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Question 25

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Question 26

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Question 27

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Question 28

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Question 29

Describe the pelvic changes that occur during childbirth and how those changes arise.

Answer 29

Question 30

Discuss the peritoneal lining and openings in the diaphragm.

Answer 30

Question 31

Discuss the blood supply and innervation of the diaphragm

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Question 32

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Question 33

What is the abnormality?

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Question 34

List the muscles of the posterior abdominal wall that are important for us to know. Mention their actions, origins & insertions, and innervations.

Answer 34

**_Psoas Major_** - originates at the vertebral bodies and transverse processes of T12-L5 and inserts at the lesser trochanter. Acts to flex the hip and is innervated by the ventral rami of L1-L3. **_Quadratus Lumborum_** - originates at the transverse process of L5, the iliac crest, and iliolumbar ligament; it inserts at the transverse processes of L1-L4 and rib 12. Acts to depress and stabilize rib 12 and in lateral bending. Innervated by the ventral rami of T12-L4 **_Iliacus_** - originates at the iliac fossa and upper portion of lateral sacrum and inserts at the lesser trochanter. Acts to flex the hip and is innervated by the femoral nerve

Question 35

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Question 36

What muscles compose the pelvic wall? Pelvic floor? Which muscles are most important to maintaining fecal and urinary continence?

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Question 37

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Question 39

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Question 40

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Question 41

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