MSK anatomy Flashcards by Max Elwig

Red *

Trapezius

Innervation:

Motor - Accessory

Prorioceptive - C3,4

Action: Upper fibres - elevate and rotate during abduction middle fibres - retract lower fibres - depress

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Yellow *

Latissimus dorsi

Innervation: Thoracodorsal nerve

Action: Extends, adducts and medially rotates upper limb

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Green

Levator Scapulae

Innervation: Dorsal scapula nerve

Action: Elevation of scapula

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Upper blue *

Rhomboid minor

Innervation: Dorsal scapula nerve

Action: Retracts and rotates scapula

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Lower blue *

Rhomboid major

Innervation: Dorsal scapula nerve

Action: Retracts and rotates scapula

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Red *

Deltoid

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Action: Flex, extend and abduct the shoulder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Red *

Supraspinatis

Innervation: Suprascapular nerve

Action: Abducts 0-15 degrees Assists deltoid 15-90 degrees

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blue *

Infraspinatus

Innervation: Suprascapular nerve

Action: Lateral rotation of arm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Green *

Subscapularis

Innervation: Upper and lower subscapular nerves

Action: Medial rotation of arm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Yellow *

Teres minor

Innervation: Axillary nerve

Action: Lateral rotation of arm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Red

Biceps brachii

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve C5-C7

Action: Supination of the forearm and flexion of arm at elbow and shoulder

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blue

Brachialis

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve (little radial)

Action: Flexor of the arm at elbow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Green

Coracobrachialis

Innervation: Musculocutaneous nerve

Action: Flexor of the arm at shoulder Supination of the arm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Triceps Brachii

Innervation: Radial nerve - C6-8 (mainly C7)

Action: Extension of the arm at the elbow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Axilla Borders: x Anterior - pectoralis major and minor x Posterior - subscapularis, teres minor, latissimus dorsi x Lateral wall - upper end of humerus - biceps brachii x Medial wall - serratus anterior over ribs x Apex - point between the first rib/clavicle and the scapula x Base - skin and deep fascia between chest wall and arm Contents: x Fat and lymph nodes - drain mammary gland x Axillary sheath - fascia containing x Axillary artery - main one for upper limb x Axillary vein - main one for upper limb x Branchial plexus - major nerve supply to the upper limb

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Brachial plexus x Musculocutaneous - C5-C7 - sensory innervation - cutaneous branch innervates lateral portion of anterior forearm and a bit of the posterior x Axillary - C5-C6 - sensory innervation - superior lateral cutaneous branch innervates underside of deltoid x Median - C5-T1 - sensory innervation - palmar cutaneous = lateral palm; digital cutaneous = lateral 3.5 fingers x Radial - C5-T1 - sensory innervation - posterior arm and posterior and lateral hand x Ulnar - C8-T1 - sensory innervation - anterior and pos- terior surfaces of medial 1.5 fingers

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Yellow *

Pronator teres

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: Pronation of forearm, flexes elbow

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Green *

Flexor carpi radialis

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: Flexes the hand at the wrist on the radial side

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blue *

Palmaris longus

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: Flexes hand at the wrist

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Red *

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Innervation: Ulnar nerve

Action: Flexes the hand at the wrist on the ulnar side

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blue *

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Innervation: Median nerve

Action: Flexes metacarpophalangeal joints and proximal interphalangeal joints

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Red *

Flexor pollicis longus

Innervation: Median nerve (Anterior interosseus)

Action: Flexes metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joint of the thumb

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Blue *

Flexor digitorum profundus

Innervation: Lateral part = median nerve (anterior interosseus) Medial part = ulnar nerve

Action: Flexes distal phalanges of fingers - ulnar nerve does little and ring fingers; median nerve does middle and index

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Green *

Pronator quadratus

Innervation: Median nerve (anterior interosseus)

Action: Pronates forearm

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Venous drainage of anterior forearm x Arcades/dorsal venous network of the hand → basilic vein + brachial veins → axillary vein → subclavian x Arcades→ ceohalic vein → axillary vein

Cubital fossa x Bounded by brachioradialis laterally and pronator teres medially x Contents: radial nerve → divides into superficial and deep ; biceps tendon, brachial artery- bifurcates into radial and ulnar branches at apex of fossa; median nerve

Bloods of anterior forearm x Brachial artery (runs in radial groove) → radial and ulnar branches → anastomose back forming the deep and superficial palmar arches

Carpal tunnel x Formed by the fascia retinacula (thick band of fascia crossing the wrist) anteriorly and carpal bones posteriorly x All the tendons of the flexor digitorum etc and radial and ulnar arteries and median nerve etc pass through - carpal tunnel = compression of medial nerve

Red

Brachioradialis Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Flexor of the forearm at the elbow

Blue \*

Extensor carpi radialis (longis and brevis) Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends and abducts the hand at the wrist on the radial side

Yellow \*

Extensor digitorum Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends medial four fingers at MCP and IP joints

Green \*

Extensor digiti minimi Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends little finger

Purple \*

Extensor carpi ulnaris Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends and adducts the hand at the wrist on the ulnar side

Yellow \*

Supinator Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Supinates the forearm

Red \*

Abductor pollicis longus Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Abducts the thumb

Orange- Short \*

Extensor pollicis brevis Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends MCP and carpometacarpal joints of the thumb

Orange- Long \*

Extensor polices longus Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extends all joints of the thumb - carpomatacarpal, MCP and IP

Blue \*

Extensor indicis Innervation: Radial nerve Action: Extension of the index finger

Green

Opponens pollicis Innervation: Median nerve Action: Opposes the thumb (brings it together with little finger)

Blue

Abductor pollicis brevis Innervation: Median nerve Action: Abducts the thumb

Red

Flexor pollicis brevis Innervation: Median nerve Action: Flexes the thumb

Blue

Adductor pollicis Innervation: Ulnar nerve Action: Adducts the thumb

Red

Abductor digiti minimi Innervation: Deep ulnar nerve Action: Abducts the little finger

Green

Flexor digiti minimi Innervation: Deep ulnar nerve Action: Flexes the little finger

Blue

Opponens digiti minimi Innervation: Deep ulnar nerve Action: Opposes the little finger (brings to thumb)

Blue

Lumbrical muscles x4 - one for each finger Innervation: Lateral two - median nerve Medial two - ulnar nerve Action: Flex the metacarpophalangeal and extend the interphalangeal joints simultaneously

Interossei muscles Innervation: Deep ulnar nerve Action: Palmar - adduction of fingers Dorsal—abduction of fingers Dorsal interossei- Yellow Palmar interossei- Green

Osteology of the hand: Carpals - ‘Straight Line To Pinkie, Here Comes The Thumb’ x Scaphoid o Hamate x Lunate o Capitate x Triquetrum o Trapezoid x Pisiform o Trapezium Metacarpals x Named 1 - 5 from the thumb to little finger Phalanges x 3x - proximal, middle and intermediate Some, Lovers, Try, Positions, That, They, Cannot, Handle

Nerves of the hand Medial and ulnar x Deep to superficial palmar arch x Supply intrinsic muscles (see table) and skin sensation x Lateral 3.5 fingers = median x Medial 1.5 fingers = ulnar

Light green and dark green

Iliopsoas Innervation: Psoas - L1-3 Iliacus - femoral nerve Action: Flexes lower limb at the hip Psoas major- Light green Iliacus- Darker green

Purple

Sartorius Innervation: Femoral nerve Action: Flexor, abductor and lateral rotator of the hip; flexor of the knee

Yellow, red, blue \*

Quadriceps- Has 4 heads: rectus femoris; Vastus medialis; Vastus intermedius; Vastus lateralis Innervation: Femoral nerve Action: Femoris - crosses hip joint → flexes thigh at hip; femoris+ vasti cross knee joint as the patella tendon → extends leg at knee Rectus femoris- Yellow Vastus medialis- Red Vastus lateralis- Blue

Orange \*

Pectineus Innervation: Femoral (+obturator) Action: Abduction and flexion of the hip joint

Green \*

Adductor brevis Innervation: Obturator (L2-L4) Action: Adduction of the thigh

Yellow \*

Adductor longus Innervation: Obturator Action: Adduction and medial rotation of the thigh

Red \*

Adductor magnus Innervation: Obturator and tibial (L4-S3) Action: Adduction of the thigh

Green \*

Gracilis Innervation: Obturator Action: Adduction of thigh at hip and flexion of leg at knee

Red and purple \*

Biceps femoris (Long and short heads) Innervation: Long head - tibial branch of sciatic Short head - fibular/perineal branch of sciatic Action: Flexion at the knee, extends at the hip, laterally rotates the hip and knee

Yellow \*

Semimembranous Innervation: Tibial branch Action: Flexion of leg at knee, extension of thigh at hip, medial rotation at hip and knee

Blue \*

Semitendinous Innervation: Tibial branch Action: Flexion of leg at knee, extension of thigh at hip, medial rotation at hip and knee

Red \*

Gluteus maximus Innervation: Inferior gluteal nerve Action: Extensor of the hip

Green and yellow \*

Gluteus medius and minimus Innervation: Superior gluteal nerve Action: Abduction and medial rotation of the hip Gluteus medius and minimus- Green and yellow

Green

Tibialis anterior Innervation: Deep peroneal nerve (off common peroneal, off sciatic) Action: Dorsiflexion and inversion of the foot

Purple

Extensor hallucis longus Innervation: Deep peroneal nerve Action: Extension of big toe and dorsiflexion of the foot

Red

Extensor digitorum Longus Innervation: Deep peroneal nerve Action: Extension of the lateral 4 toes and dorsiflexion of the foot

Right

Peroneus tertorius Innervation: Deep peroneal nerve Action: Dorsiflexion and eversion of the foot

Left

Peroneus longus Innervation: Superficial peroneal nerve Action: Plantarflexion and eversion of the foot

Middle

Peroneus brevis Innervation: Superficial peroneal nerve Action: Eversion of the foot

Foot bones Tiger, Cubs, Need, MILC

Yellow

Gasctrocnemuis Innervation: Tibial nerve, off sciatic nerve Action: Plantar flexion of the ankle and a flexor at the knee

Purple

Plantaris Innervation: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexion of the ankle and a flexor at the knee

Green

Solieus Innervation: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexion of the ankle

Orange

Popliteus Innervation: Tibial nerve Action: Lateral rotation of the femur on the tibia

Red

Tibialis posterior Innervation: Tibial nerve Action: Plantar flexion and inversion of the foot

Green

Flexor digitorum longus Innervation: Tibial nerve Action: Flexion of the lateral 4 toes

Blue

Felxor hallucis longus Innervation: Tibial nerve Action: Flexion of the big toe

Red

Sternohyoid Innervation: C1-3 Action: Depresses hyoid bone

Blue

Omohyoid (superior belly) Innervation: C1-3 Action: Depresses hyoid bone

Yellow

Sternothryoid Innervation: C1-3 Action: Depresses thyroid cartilage

Green

Thyrohyoid Innervation: C1 Action: Depresses hyoid or raises larynx

Scalenes 3x pairs - ant, mid, post Innervation: C4-C6 Action: Elevation of ribs 1 and 2 Ant- Red Mid- Green Post- Yellow

Yellow \*

External oblique Innervation: T7-11 and subcostal nerve (T12) Action: Flexion and rotation of vertebral column; compression of abdominal cavity

Red \*

Internal oblique Innervation: T6-11; subcostal (T12), Iliohypogastric (L1); ilioinguinal (L1) Action: Flexion and rotation of vertebral column; compression of abdominal cavity

Green \*

Rectus abdominis Innervation: T7-11 Action: Flexion of vertebral column; compression of abdominal cavity

Blue \*

Transversus abdominis Innervation: T6-11; subcostal (T12), Iliohypogastric (L1); ilioinguinal (L1) Action: Compression of abdominal cavity

Green

Quadratus lomborum Innervation: T12-L4 Action: Extension and lateral flexion of vertebral column

Red

Psoas Major Innervation: L1-L3 Action: Flexion of thigh at the hip, lateral flexion of vertebral column

Yellow

Iliacus Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-4) Action: Flexion of thigh at hip

Red, Green and Yellow

Levator Ani - Puborectalis, pubococcygeus, and iliococcygeus Innervation: Pudendal nerve -S2-4 Action: To hold up the abdominal viscera Puborectalis - maintain foetal continence - relaxes during defecation Levator Ani – Puborectalis (Red), pubococcygeus (Green), and iliococcygeus (Yellow)

Purple

Coccygeus Innervation: S4-S5 Action: To hold up the abdominal viscera

MSK anatomy Flashcards

(90 cards)