MSK anatomy Passmed

Question 1

Flexion muscles of Upper arm ?

Answer 1

Anterior part of deltoid
Pectoralis Major
Biceps
Coracobrachialis

Question 2

Extension muscle of upper arm ?

Answer 2

Posterior Deltoid
Teres major
Latissimus Dorsi

Question 3

Adduction muscles of upper arm ?

Answer 3

Pectoralis Major
Latissimus dorsi
Teres major
Coracobrachialis

Question 4

Abduciton muscle of upper arm ?

Answer 4

Mid deltoid

Supraspinatus

Question 5

Medial Rotaters of upper arm ?

Answer 5

Subscapularis
Anterior deltoid
Teres major
Latissimus dorsi

Question 6

Lateral Rotaters of upper arm ?

Answer 6

Posterior deltoid
Infraspinatus
Teres minor

Question 7

Structures of the lateral malleolus - Superficial

Answer 7

sural nerve

Short saphenous vein

Question 8

Structures of the lateral malleolus - Deep

Answer 8

Peroneus longus tendon

Peroneus brevis tendon

Question 9

Where does the long head of the biceps tendon originate?

Answer 9

Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula

Question 10

What is the origin of the coracobrachialis and the short head of biceps brachii?

Answer 10

Coracoid process of the scapula

Question 11

Site at which the long head of triceps brachii originates.

Answer 11

infraglenoid tubercle

Question 12

L3 nerve root compression

Answer 12

Sensory loss over anterior thigh.
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

Question 13

L4 nerve root compression

Answer 13

Sensory loss anterior aspect of knee
Weak quadriceps
Reduced knee reflex
Positive femoral stretch test

Question 14

L5 nerve root compression

Answer 14

Sensory loss dorsum of foot
Weakness in foot and big toe dorsiflexion
Reflexes intact

Question 15

S1 nerve root compression

Answer 15

Sensory loss posterolateral aspect of leg and lateral aspect of foot
Weakness in plantar flexion of foot
Reduced ankle reflex

Question 16

Musculocutanous nerve (C5-7)

Answer 16

Motor: Elbow flexion + Supination (supplies (biceps brachii, Brachialis + Coracobrachialis)

Sensory: Lateral part of the forearm

Question 17

Axillary nerve (C5 - 6)

Answer 17

Motor: Shoulder abduction (deltoid muscle).

Sensory: Inferior region of the deltoid muscle.

If damaged via surgical neck fracture = unable to Abduct.

Question 18

Radial Nerve (C5-8)

Answer 18

Motor: Extension (forearm, wrist, fingers, thumb)

Sensory: Small area between the dorsal aspect of the 1st and 2nd metacarpals

Can result in a wRist drop via axilla / mid-shaft fracture.

Question 19

Median Nerve (C6 - 8, T1)

Answer 19

LOAF* muscles.

Can be compromised = CTS / supracondylar fracture

Can cause…
Monkey hand
Paralysis of Thenar muscles, opponens pollicis
From elbow = loss of pronation of forearm + weak wrist flexion.

Question 20

Ulnar Nerve (C8-T1)

Answer 20

Motor: Intrinsic hand muscles except LOAF* Wrist flexion.

Sensory: Medial 1+1/2 fingers

Outstretched fall + medial epicondyle fracture = Ulnar claw.

Question 21

Long thoracic nerve (C5-C7)

Answer 21

Serratus anterior.

Damaged from rib fracture = winged scapula.

Question 22

What are the Thenar muscles ?

Answer 22

Abductor pollicis brevis
Opponens Pollicis
flexor pollicis brevis

Question 23

Hypothenar eminence

Answer 23

Opponens digiti minimi
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Abductor digiti minimi

Question 24

Compression of C5 - 6

Answer 24

Deltoid + Biceps

Question 25

Compression of C6 - 8

Answer 25

Wrist extensors + Triceps.

Question 26

Compression of C6 - T1

Answer 26

Wrist flexors

Question 27

Compression of C8 - T1

Answer 27

Hand muscles

Question 28

Movement of Supraspinatus ?

Answer 28

aBDucts arm before deltoid | Most commonly injuried

Question 29

Movement of Infraspinatus ?

Answer 29

Rotates arm laterally

Question 30

Movement of Teres minor ?

Answer 30

aDDUcts + rotates arm laterally

Question 31

Movement of Subscapularis ?

Answer 31

aDDucts + rotates arm medially

Question 32

Structures within carpal tunnel ?

Answer 32

Flexor digitorum profundus (four tendons) Flexor digitorum superficialis (four tendons) Flexor pollicis longus Median nerve

Question 33

What are the Intrinic muscles ?

Answer 33

``` A bductor pollicis brevis O pponens pollicis F lexor pollicis brevis A dductor pollicis (thenar muscles) O pponens digiti minimi F lexor digiti minimi brevis A bductor digiti minimi (hypothenar muscles) ```

Question 34

What is a positive Froment's sign ?

Answer 34

is indicative of ulnar nerve palsy. ulnar nerve is responsible for finger adduction and abduction.

Question 35

Anterior compartment of leg ?

Answer 35

Tibialis anterior Extensor digitorum longus (Extends lateral four toes) Peroneus tertius Extensor hallucis longus (extends big toe)

Question 36

Anterior compartment of leg is innervated by which nerve ?

Answer 36

Deep peroneal nerve

Question 37

What the function of the Anterior compartment of leg ?

Answer 37

Dorsiflexion of ankle joint

Question 38

Peroneal compartment ?

Answer 38

Peroneus longus | Peroneus brevis

Question 39

Peroneal compartment is innervated by which nerve ?

Answer 39

superficial peroneal nerve

Question 40

What the function of the Peroneal compartment of leg ?

Answer 40

Plantar flexes the ankle joint

Question 41

Superficial posterior compartment ?

Answer 41

Gastrocnemius | Soleus

Question 42

What is Superficial posterior compartment function and is innervated by which nerve ?

Answer 42

Tibial nerve | Plantar flexion

Question 43

Deep posterior compartment ?

Answer 43

Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior

Question 44

Deep posterior compartment is innervated by which nerve ?

Answer 44

Tibial nerve

Question 45

What are the contents of the cubital fossa ?

Answer 45

``` (From L - M) = 'Really Need Beer To Be At My Nicest' Radial nerve, Brachial tendon, Brachial artery, Median nerve ```

Question 46

Femoral Nerve

Answer 46

Knee extension, thigh flexion. | Damaged after Hip/Pelvic fracture, stab/gunshot wounds.

Question 47

Obturator Nerve

Answer 47

Thigh adduction. | Damaged after anterior hip dislocation.

Question 48

Tibial nerve

Answer 48

Foot plantar flexion + inversion (sole of foot). | Popliteal laceration, posterior knee dislocation.

Question 49

Common Peroneal Nerve

Answer 49

Foot dorsiflexion+ eversion.

Question 50

Superior Gluteal Nerve

Answer 50

Hip abduction. Damaged via Misplaced intramuscular injection, pelvic / hip fractures. Look for Trendelenburg sign.

Question 51

Inferior Gluteal Nerve

Answer 51

Hip extension + lateral rotation. | Damaged via sciatic nerve, difficulty rising from seated position,