MSK Dx Flashcards
(18 cards)
{{BLANK}} myopathy is assoc. w/ serum CK elevations and rhabdomyolysis
Hypothyroid
{{BLANK}} myopathy is assoc. w/ myofiber necrosis & regeneration
Histologic findings
Thyrotoxic myopathy
{{BLANK}} is a potent vasoconstrictor that can lead to diffuse ischemia & rhabdomyolysis
Direct effects on myocytes –> Rhabdomyolysis
Cocaine
Statins can inhibit the synthesis of {{BLANK}} which plays a key role in muscle cell energy production
CoQ10
{{BLANK}} is a direct mitochondrial toxin & can cause rhabdomyolysis & ARF secondary to myoglobinuria
Also: Electrolyte abnormalities – phosphate, K, Mg, Ca
EtOH Myopathy
What is the Rhabdo triad?
- Myalgia
- Generalized weakness
- tea-colored urine (myoglobin)
What is displayed in the histopathology slide attached? What disease does this patient likely have?
- Ragged Red Fibers
- MERRF
{{BLANK}} is due to a point mutation in mit-DNA leading to generalized seizures, cerebellar ataxia, and dementia.
Destruction of oxidative phosphorylation proteins
MERRF
{{BLANK}} is due to maternally inherited mit-DNA mutations that result in muscle weakness and tonic-clonic seizures
MELAS (encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes)
{{BLANK}} has the hallmark S/Sx of the inability to relax voluntary muscle after contraction
Myotonic dystrophy
Myotonic dystrophy displays {{BLANK}} as the risk increases with progeny
Anticipation; CTG repeats
Most myotonic dystrophy cases are due to a defective {{BLANK}} enzyme
DMPK
Prefentially, {{BLANK}}-muscle fibers are affected in myotonic dystrophy
Type I (slow-twitch)
DMD and BMD both result in deleted dystrophin but {{BLANK}} is worse and more aggressive
DMD
Inclusion body myositis is most severe in the muscles: {{BLANK}} and {{BLANK}}
- Quadriceps
- UE muscles
A 67 yo man comes in complaining of weakness when lifting his grandchild and their right leg when rising from their desk char. The patient also has been experiences difficulty swallowing their morning meds. Attached is the histopathology sample you gathered from their quadriceps. What do you suspect?
Inclusion body myositis
Asymmetric weakness of UE & quads w/ inclusion bodies
C&C polymyositis with dermatomyositis
- Polymyositis: Endomysial; CD8+ T cells; Adults; No skin
- Dermatomyositis: Permysial; CD4+ T cells; children & adults; skin
Tx w corticosteroids & immunosuppressants; both ANA & Anti-Jo1
Screen for a paraneoplastic syndrome in which areas if you find dermatomyositis?
SLOB
* Stomach
* Lung
* Ovaries
* Breast
Remember: Skin manifestations (Heliotrope rash, gottron papules)
