MSK Procedure 8?

Question 1

clinical signs of fractre

Answer 1

pain
 swelling
deformity 
eccymosis
loss of function

Question 2

importance of evaluation fracture

Answer 2

neurovascular status

Question 3

most reliable sign of fracture

Answer 3

pain

Question 4

compound fracture

Answer 4

skin involvement

Question 5

comminuted fracture

Answer 5

compression, many pieces

Question 6

spiral fracture

Answer 6

from twisting

Question 7

greenstick

Answer 7

young kids because bones are softer

Question 8

worry about open fractures

Answer 8

bacteria

Question 9

salter fractures

Answer 9

through growth plates

Question 10

I salter harris

Answer 10

growth plate slips

Question 11

II salter harris

Answer 11

fracture through metaphysis

Question 12

III salter harris

Answer 12

though epiphysis

Question 13

salter harris IV

Answer 13

through epiphysis and metaphysis

Question 14

salter harris V

Answer 14

compression growth plate

Question 15

worse salter harris fracture

Answer 15

V

Question 16

rammed and ruined fracture

Answer 16

salter type V

Question 17

worry about what with scaphoid fracture

Answer 17

avascular necrosis

Question 18

colles fracture

Answer 18

distal radius with dorsal displacement

Question 19

dinner fork deformity

Answer 19

colles

Question 20

falling on outstretched hand

Answer 20

colles

Question 21

tri malleolar fracture

Answer 21

lateral malleolus
medial malleolus
posterior tibia

Question 22

causes of trimalleolar fracture

Answer 22

landing flat on heel from height

Question 23

Tx tri malleolar fracture

Answer 23

surgery

ORIF

Question 24

systemic complications of fractures

Answer 24

fat embolism
shock
thromboembolism
exacerbation of underlying disease
pneumonia

Question 25

risk factor pneumonia

Answer 25

immobilization

Question 26

local late complications fractures

Answer 26

``` delayed union nonunion malunion joint stiffness contractures myositis ossificans avascular necrosis algodystrophy osteomyelitis ```

Question 27

systemic late complications o fractures

Answer 27

gangrene, tetanus, septicemia fear of mobilizing osteoarthritis

Question 28

compartment syndrome

Answer 28

P in facial compartment exceeds the BP | causes compromise of circulation

Question 29

conditions assoc with compartment

Answer 29

``` soft tissue injury exercise induced crush injury electrical injury burns animal bites prolonged tourniquet application ```

Question 30

Tx compartment syndrome

Answer 30

fasciotomy

Question 31

fracture blisters

Answer 31

blisters that form over fractures | 1-2 days post injury

Question 32

types of fracture blisters

Answer 32

clear filled | blood filled

Question 33

Tx fracture blisters

Answer 33

benign neglect debridement aspiration

Question 34

grade I sprain

Answer 34

mild pain, little swelling | minimum or no loss function

Question 35

grade II sprain

Answer 35

moderate to severe pain | moderate loss of function

Question 36

grade III sprain

Answer 36

little or no pain from total disruption nerve fibers | require immobilizaiton for months

Question 37

conditions that benefit from immobilization

Answer 37

``` fractures, sprains, severe soft tissue injuries reduced joint dislocations inflammatory conditions deep laceration across joint tendon lacerations ```

Question 38

benefits of cast

Answer 38

better immobilization in fixed position less movement lasts wks-mo can't be removed by patient

Question 39

soft tissue indications for joint injection

Answer 39

``` bursitis, tendonitis, trigger points ganglion cysts neuroma entrapment syndrome fascitis ```

Question 40

joint conditions to inject for

Answer 40

effusion, crystalloid arthropathies synovitis inflammatory arthritis advanced OA

Question 41

absolute CI for joint injection

Answer 41

``` local cellulitis acute fracture tendinous sites at high risk for rupture drug allergy septic arthritis ```

Question 42

relative CI for joint injections

Answer 42

``` minimal relief after 2 prev injections underlying coagulopathy on anticoagulation therapy uncontrolled DM osteoporosis inaccessible joint ```