MSM

Question 1

Who made the msm

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shiffrin

Question 2

What does the msm state

Answer 2

That memory is split into 3 stores - sensory register, stm and ltm

Question 3

Sensory register

Answer 3

Modality specific
Duration under 2 secs
Unlimited capacity

Question 4

STM

Answer 4

Acoustically encoded
18-30s duration
5-9 chunks capacity
Maintenance rehearsal needed to keep in STM

Question 5

LTM

Answer 5

Semantically encoded
Unlimited capacity
Duration up to a lifetime

Question 6

Memory from SR → STM

Answer 6

Either paid attention to or decays

Question 7

Memory from STM → LTM

Answer 7

Either decay or displacement
Or elaborative rehearsal

Question 8

How can LTM memories re-enter STM

Answer 8

Retrieval

Question 9

Peterson and Peterson

Answer 9

controlled lab experiment
when ppts were presented with a trigram and asked to recall it after a 3 sec delay recall was 80% accurate but only 10% accurate after an 18 sec delay
so STM has a limited duration, and info fades rapidly if not actively maintained

Question 10

Beardsley

Answer 10

neuroimaging lab experiment
prefrontal cortex is active during STM tasks but not during LTM tasks
stores are separate

Question 11

Squire et al

Answer 11

neuroimaging lab experiment
the hippocampus is active when LTM is engaged
separate stores for memory

Question 12

is the msm reductionist

Answer 12

oversimplifies human memory for example
short-term and long-term memory are more complicated
Working Memory Model showed that short term memory is more than just one simple unitary store and comprises different components (e.g. central executive, Visuospatial etc.)
so it’s a reductionist explanation.

Question 13

H.M. case study support

Answer 13

unable to encode new long-term memories after surgery during which his hippocampus was removed but his STM was unaffected.
remembered little of personal (death of mother and father) or public events (Watergate, Vietnam War) that have occurred over the last 45 years
but his short-term memory remains intact
supports the view that the LTM and the STM are two separate stores.

HOWEVER CASE STUDIES ARE UNIQUE - EXTRANEOUS VARIABLES AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFS CAN REDUCE GENERALISABILITY

Question 14

K.F. case study opposition

Answer 14

victim of a motorbike accident who could still add memories to LTM even though his STM was so damaged he couldn’t repeat back more than 2 digits
MSM cannot explain this but K.F.’s unusual condition does support the Working Memory Model