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MSRA Medicine Flashcards

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1
Q

Hashimotos thyroiditis is painful - true or false?

A

False

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2
Q

Does hashimotos cause hypo or hyperthyroidism?

A

Hypothyroidism

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3
Q

which extra intestinal features of crohns are related to disease activity?

A

Arthritis
erythema nodosum
episcleritis
Osteoporosis

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4
Q

which extra intestinal features of crohns are unrelated to disease activity?

A

arhtritis
pyoderma gangrenosum
uveitis
clubbing
PSC

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5
Q

diabetes may increase BNP level - true or false

A

True

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6
Q

COPD may decrase BNP level - true or false

A

False (increases)

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7
Q

Which drugs may decrease BNP level?

A

ACEi, ARB, Beta blockers, diuretics, aldosterone antagonists

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8
Q

Obesity may decrease BNP level - true or false?

A

True

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9
Q

which drug can be used to treat alcoholic hepatitis?

A

glucocorticoids eg prednisolone

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10
Q

serum ferritin can be increased in alcoholics - true or false?

A

True

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11
Q

sequestration causes organomegaly of what organ in sickle cell?

A

Splenomegaly

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12
Q

after TIA when should patients be seen in clinic?

A

24 hours

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13
Q

after TIA when should patients be seen if on anticoagulants?

A

immeadiately

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14
Q

HSP causes joint pain true or false

A

True

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15
Q

what antibiotics should be used for contacts of patients with meningococcal meningitis?

A

Ciprofloxacin

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16
Q

what drugs cause necrotising fasciitis of the genitalia or perineum

A

SGLT-2 inhibitors

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17
Q

what is the first line treatment for absence seizures?

A

Ethosuximide

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18
Q

what is the first line treatment for focal seizures?

A

Lamotrigine, Levetiracetam

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19
Q

vaginal discharge with pH >4.5 is associated with what organisms

A

Trichomonis vaginalis, bacterial vaginosis

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20
Q

what colour is the discharge in bacterial vaginosis?

A

thin white discharge

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21
Q

clue cells are associated with what organism

A

bacterial vaginosis

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22
Q

what is a treatment for galactorrhoea

A

bromocriptine

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23
Q

rose spots on the abdomen is consistent with infection with which organism?

A

Salmonella typhi

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24
Q

subacute (de quervians) thyroditis causes hyperthyroidism - true or false

A

true

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25
splenectomy can give a falsely high HBa1c - true or false
true
26
erythema marginatum is associated with what illness
rheumatic fever
27
albumin increases in acute phase response - true or false
false
28
essential tremor is made worse by alcohol - t or f
false
29
essential tremor is inherited in what fashion
autosomal dominant
30
inhaled steroids reduce the frequency of exacerbations in COPD - true or false
true
31
erythema multiforme is seen with infection with what organism
mycoplasma pneumoniae
32
how many doses of tetanus compromise a full tetanus immunisation scheduele?
5
33
which chemotherapy can cause peripheral neuropathy?
vincristine
34
von willebrand disease causes increase in what blood marker?
APTT
35
what is the most common renal cause of AKI?
Acute tubular necrosis
36
Raised urinary sodium is consistent with a diagnosis of acute tubular necrosis - true or false
True
37
in T2DM with high risk of CVD/established CVD what drug should be added once metformin is established?
SGLT2 inhibitor
38
Electrical alternans is suggestive of what?
Cardiac tamponade
39
what criteria are used to diagnose AKI in adults?
- increase creating over 26umol in 48hr - increase creating >50% in 7 days - decrease urine output <0.5ml/kg/hr for >6 hours
40
in a TIA within 7 days what is the initial management?
Aspirin 300mg + specialist review within 24 hours
41
in suspected TIA when would specialist review within a 7 day window be appropriate?
If the episode occurred more than a week ago
42
hypocalcaemia is seen in rhabdomyolysis - true or false
True
43
LTOT is the most important intervention in patients with COPD for survival - true or false
FALSE may increase survival in hypoxic patients but must important intervention is smoking cessation
44
what 3 drugs are recommended for migraine prophylaxis?
Topiramate Propranolol Amitryptyline
44
donepezil can increase risk of bradycardia - true or false
True Should be avoided in patients with sick sinus syndrome
45
what vitamin deficiency is linked to wernicke korsakoff syndrome?
Thiamine (B1)
46
what disease is associated with B3 (niacin) deficiency?
Pellagra: - dermatitis - diarrhoea - dementia
47
in aortic stenosis do you find a wide or narrow pulse pressure?
Narrow pulse pressure
48
in GBS are the legs or arms affected first?
Legs - ascending weakness
49
what blood test is used to diagnose coeliac disease?
Tissue transglutaminase (TTG) antibodies and IgA
50
what are the symptoms of left ventricular aneurysm after MI?
Tiredness, SOB, persistent ST elevation
51
what are the symptoms of dressers syndrome post MI?
Fever, pleuritic chest pain, worse lying supine ST elevation >2 weeks after MI
52
what marker is raised in the acute phase after anaphylaxis?
serum tryptase
53
a combination of thrombolysis and thrombectomy is recommended for patients with acute ischaemic stroke presenting within 4.5 hours - true or false
True
54
what are considered eGFR variables?
CAGE: C - Creatinine A - Age G - Gender E - Ethnicity
55
minimal change disease causes what syndrome?
Nephrotic syndrome
56
if angina is not controlled on a beta blocker alone - what medication should be added?
long acting dehydropyridine CCB - eg. amlodipine, modified release nifedipine
57
what types of calcium channel blockers are contradindicated with beta blockers?
Rate limiting CCB eg. diltiazem, verapamil - cause bradycardia and heart failure
58
what type of feeding should be used in motor neurone disease
PEG
59
In AF lasting less than 48 hours DC cardio version is an appropriate treatment for rhythm control - true or false
True
60
Lhermitte's sign describes what?
Tinging in hands when flexing neck
61
what is the name of this sign: ' in a patient with painless, enlarged gallbladder and mild jaundice - gallstones is unlikely to be the cause'
Courvoisier's sign - more likely to be malignancy of pancreas or biliary tree
62
transfer factor for carbon monoxide (TLCO) is increased or decreased in patients with pulmonary fibrosis?
Reduced - reflecting impaired gas exchange
63
what syndrome is associated with primary biliary chlolangitis?
Sjogrens syndrome - 80%
64
what is the first line drug treatment for primary biliary cholangitis?
Ursodeoxycholic acid
65
when investigating B12 deficiency which antibodies should be tested - gastric parietal or intrinsic factor?
Intrinsic factor antibodies
66
what is the triad seen in wernicke's encephalopathy?
- encephalopathy - ataxia - oculomotor dysfunction (ophthalmoplegia)
67
untreated wernicke's can lead to what syndrome
Korsakoff syndrome
68
amaurosis fugax affects what artery?
retinal/opthalmic
69
pyoderma gangrenosum - singular ulcerating shin lesions, associated with what condition?
IBD
70
hypertension, hypernatraemia and hypokalaemia are seen in what condition?
Primary hyperaldosteronism
71
what is the definitive treatment for wolf parkinson white ?
Accessory pathway ablation
72
shortened PR interval and wide QRS complexes with a slurred upstroke in lead II - describes what condition?
Wolff parkinson white
73
what electrolyte abnormality can cause prolonged QT interval?
Hypocalcaemia Hypomagnesaemia
74
visual hallucinations are seen in what kind of dementia?
lewy body
75
which artery is affected in locked in syndrome?
Basilar artery
76
which part of the brain is affected in lacunar staple?
the basal ganglia, thalamus, internal capsule
77
in heart failure when should a beta blocker be started first over ACEi?
In patients with angina
78
in heart failure when should ACEi be started first over B blocker?
Signs of fluid overload, Diabetes
79
does bronchiectasis cause a restrictive or obstructive pattern on lung function tests?
Obstructive ie. FEV1/FVC reduced
80
do neuromuscular disorders cause a restrictive or obstructive Pattern on lung function tests?
Restrictive ie. FEV1/FVC normal or increased
81
patients with pneumothoraces should have a life long ban on deep sea diving - true or false
True
82
when can patients fly after pneumothorax?
1 week after having a chest x ray showing complete resolution of a pneumothorax
83
secondary or primary pneumothoraces have the lowest incidence of recurring?
Primary

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