MT 1

Question 1

Antisocial behaviour

Answer 1

It is the objectionable conduct such as noisy people, loitering in groups or individuals who are drunk, rude, or rowdy in public. It can be disruptive and reduce our quality of life, but might not be considered a criminal act.

Question 2

Informal social control

Answer 2

Is when people conform to the law and other social norms because of the actions and opinions of other individuals such as, praise or disapproval.

Question 3

Norms

Answer 3

The standard of acceptable behaviour that are based on tradition, custom, and values.

Question 4

Public law

Answer 4

Is a type of law addressing matters that affect society, such as responding to a person who commits a criminal act.

Question 5

Private law

Answer 5

Is the legal matters that relate to the relationships between individuals or businesses that involve contracts
This law includes the civil law which refers to the relationship between people often involving a contract.

Question 6

Jurisdiction

Answer 6

Is the range of a government’s or court’s authority (e.g., provinces have jurisdiction over non-criminal traffic matters).

Question 7

Mala in se

Answer 7

Which is an offence that is universally thought of as evil or wrong to society.

Question 8

Mala prohibita

Answer 8

It is an act that is illegal or wrong because the government thinks it is unlawful.

Question 9

Summary offenses

Answer 9

These are crimes that carry a less serious punishment in which judges can impose a jail sentence of up to 2 years and/or a maximum fine of $5,000 also known as misdemeanors.

Question 10

Indictable offences

Answer 10

These are serious offences such as homicides where the defendants must appear in court and cases are heard before federally appointed judges also known as felonists.

Question 11

Dual offences

Answer 11

These are offences that can be prosecuted as either summary offences or indictable offences also known as hybrid.

Question 12

Contract policing

Answer 12

This is a form of policing where a police service such as the RCMP or OPP provides policing to a municipality under a contract.

Question 13

Inferior courts

Answer 13

These are provincial and territorial courts that have limited jurisdiction and deal with less serious adult and youth criminal matters as well as civil,family, traffic, and municipal bylaw cases.

Question 14

Supreme Court of Canada

Answer 14

This is the highest court in Canada it only hears cases that are being appealed out of a lower court.

Question 15

Jails

Answer 15

These are facilities where individuals are held awaiting their court appearances they are called provincial correctional centres in most provinces.

Question 16

Detention

Answer 16

These centres are facilities where individuals are held awaiting their court dates or serving short periods of incarceration they are called provincial correctional centres in most provinces.

Question 17

Correctional centres

Answer 17

These are facilities that hold inmates sentenced to terms of incarceration of 2 years or less.

Question 18

Special handling units

Answer 18

These are high security units within a maximum security penitentiary where the movement of prisoners is very controlled.

Question 19

Day parole

Answer 19

This is a type of release for federal prisoners who live in a community-based facility and usually work, attend school, or participate in treatment during the day.

Question 20

Probation officers

Answer 20

These are provincial officers who prepare reports for the court about sentencing options for individuals convicted of crimes and monitor their activities if serving community-based sentences.

Question 21

Parole

Answer 21

This is a form of conditional release from a federal correctional facility to the community where the ex-prisoner is supervised by a parole officer.

Question 22

Statutory release

Answer 22

This is a form of supervised release that is automatically granted after federal prisoners with determinate sentences of 3 years or longer have served ⅔ of their sentences.

Question 23

Secure custody facilities

Answer 23

These are high-security youth custody facilities that are usually large and often look similar to adult correctional centres also known as closed custody facilities.

Question 24

Open custody facilities

Answer 24

These are low security custody facilities that are generally small and are sometimes located in residential neighbourhoods.

Question 25

Sequencing

Answer 25

This is the treatment of people involved in the justice system which follows a set pattern that is dictated by law and policy.

Question 26

Alternative measures programs

Answer 26

These are programs that divert individuals involved in minor crimes from the formal justice system and it usually involves individuals participating in community service work.

Question 27

Extrajudicial sanctions

Answer 27

These are alternative measures program for youth.

Question 28

Restitution

Answer 28

This is when an individual makes a payment to the victim for the losses that were experienced by the victim.

Question 29

Plea agreements

Answer 29

This is where the defendant’s counsel and the prosecutor have made a deal which leads to a reduced sentence.

Question 30

Dangerous offenders

Answer 30

These are individuals who the court has deemed to be a threat to the life, safety, or physical or mental well-being of the public.

Question 31

Crime control model

Answer 31

This is based on the notion that protecting society is more important than protecting the rights of any individual.

Question 32

Assembly line justice

Answer 32

This is an approach to justice where a priority is placed on quickly processing minor matters in criminal courts with the assumption that most defendants are guilty.

Question 33

Due process model

Answer 33

This is an approach to justice that is based on the philosophy that the justice system needs to protect the rights of a defendant.

Question 34

Legal

Answer 34

1. A crime is when a legal code has been violated 2. A crime is when a legal code has been violated and the subsequent punishment has been applied

Question 35

Social

Answer 35

A crime is when a social norm has been violated.

Question 36

Constructionist

Answer 36

A crime is when there has been a social interaction between the police and the crown prosecutor.

Question 37

Justice model

Answer 37

1. The innocent, the guilty, and the defendant are convicted based on the available evidence. 2. The punishment must match the crime. 3. Like crimes are treated alike and different crimes are treated differently.

Question 38

Home invasion

Answer 38

Unlike a robbery they don't care if the home owners are home.

Question 39

Supreme court

Answer 39

This court makes all final decisions.

Question 40

Superior court

Answer 40

This court deals with more serious crimes such as murder or serious sexual assault cases.

Question 41

Provincial court

Answer 41

This court handles smaller crimes and is the busiest.

Question 42

Appeal court

Answer 42

This court deals with the federal and provincial appeals.

Question 43

Adversarial system

Answer 43

1. Both parties, the prosecutor and defendant, hope to win any given court case. 2. The prosecutor is initially concerned that justice be done. 3. The trial is heard by an impartial fact finder – the judge.

Question 44

Courts

Answer 44

The courts include two parties working in an adversarial system heard before an impartial judge.

Question 45

Incarcerations

Answer 45

Refers to the act of physically confining someone in a prison or jail as a punishment for a crime; essentially, incarceration is a part of corrections, but corrections encompasses a wider range of activities beyond just imprisonmen

Question 46

Corrections

Answer 46

Refers to the broader system of managing offenders after conviction, including both incarceration (being physically confined in a prison or jail) and non-custodial sanctions like probation or community service.