MT

Question 1

Peer reviewed article characteristics

Answer 1

Authors are clearly identified, and their expertise is demonstrated by their organization and education

There are few graphics. Often, there is an abstract.

Formal writing with Jargon

Dates indicating when it was peer reviewed

Articles often long with lots of references

Question 2

CINAHL Complete good for searching for

Answer 2

Nursing, midwifery, & allied health professions

Question 3

Medline

Answer 3

One of the worlds largest databases

Question 4

Grey Lit

Answer 4

Produced by governments, unis, non profits etc.

No peer review

Question 5

What does the “discussion” section of a paper discuss

Answer 5

Discusses the findings in relation to other published literature, limitations, and implications

Question 6

Abstract

Answer 6

: Summary of the research, including the aim/purpose, methods, results/findings, and implications

Question 7

Difference bw research Literacy and evidence informed practice

Answer 7

Ability to appraise and determine suitable and sound evidence (is the research valid and reliable?)

vs

Process of utilizing research literacy skills to make practice decisions and implement practice changes

Question 8

Components of evidence informed decision making model

Answer 8

Define
Search
Appraise
Synthesize
Adapt
Implement
Evaluate

REPEAT

Question 9

Primary Research

Answer 9

Research conducted where data was collected and analyzed directly by a researcher to draw conclusions and report findings

Question 10

3 types of primary research

Answer 10

Quantitative, Qualitative, Mixed Methods (both quant and qual combined)

Question 11

Main types of research questions

Answer 11

Intervention studying
Prognosis study
Descriptive study
Relational Study
Causal Study
Prognosis Study

Question 12

Regarding research questions, what is the difference bw a problems relevance vs it’s significance?

Answer 12

Relevance: Why is this Important?

Significance: How big is the problem

Question 13

Elements of a clinical priactice problem statement

Answer 13

Contains all components of a PICO question AND it is specific

Question 14

How can a problem be proven to be relevant?

Answer 14

Argued relevance to nursing using reuputable sources

Question 15

Primary studies must be published in

Answer 15

Journals

Question 16

What is evidence

Answer 16

Information or facts from a variety of both qualitative and quantitative sources that are systematically obtained – that is, obtained in a way that is replicable, observable, credible, verifiable, or basically supportable”

Question 17

Major way evidence is generated

Answer 17

By research

Question 18

Research that produces evidence always starts with a __________

Answer 18

Problem

Question 19

Difference bw Research and evidence informed practice

Answer 19

Research:
systematic and planned
Purpose: Specific to problem
Goal: Statement of predetermined outcome
Outcome: Contributes to understanding

Evidence Informed practice
Systematic search and appraisal of best evidence
Purpose: Uses evidence for making clinical decisions
Goal: Accoutns for individual needs of patient
Outcome: Bring changes into practice

Question 20

Characteristics of Quant research

Answer 20

Aims to Describe, Explain, Predict

Often contains hypothesis

Data collected via numerical/objective means

TO determine if intervention worked or describe phenomena numerically

Question 21

Characteristics of Qual research

Answer 21

Aims to Describe, Discover, Explore

No hypothesis

Inquires of peoples feelings, opinions beliefs

Data collected via interviews, journals, art etc.

Data recorded as journal transcript

Question 22

Characteristics of mixed method research

Answer 22

Aiming to blend qual and quant research

Generally including more qual and less quant or vis versa

Question 23

Impact factor

Answer 23

A journal that publishes only peer reviewed will have a high impact factor

Question 24

Types of scholarly publications

Answer 24

Research/empirical (often in reference to primary studies)
Case studies
Reviews
Met-analysis
Letters or communications

Question 25

Correlational study is a type of

Answer 25

Quantitative method of research

Question 26

Case control study

Answer 26

Type of non experimental- descriptive correlational study Compare people with a specific disease or outcome of interest with control

Question 27

Correlationa lstudy use

Answer 27

To make predictions but NOT to determine cause

Question 28

Three Predominant Non-Experimental-Descriptive Correlational Study Designs

Answer 28

Case-Control Cross-Sectional Cohort

Question 29

Odds ratio

Answer 29

measure of association between an exposure and an outcome ODDS THAT AN OUTCOME WILL OCCUR OR greater than 1 = greater probability of the disease among the exposed OR less than 1 = decreased probability of disease among the exposed

Question 30

How are case-control study questions written

Answer 30

Written as a PIO: I is the disease, and O is the outcome

Question 31

Strengths and Weakness of case-control Studies

Answer 31

Can be done fast and requires a relatively small sample size Inexpensive Attrition rates are usually low Limitations: Can only measure one disease at a time Recall bias can be a threat Not conducive to measuring rare exposures

Question 32

Generalizability

Answer 32

Referring to ability of findings to be extrapolated to a wider population

Question 33

How are experimental studies appraised?

Answer 33

Does it have good internal validity - Reult in improved outcomes Be safe for pts

Question 34

How to appraise evidence (studies)

Answer 34

Use 6S pyramid Appraise quality of study

Question 35

Best practice collections are where on the 6S pyramid

Answer 35

The highest quality

Question 36

How to know if there's a conflict of interest

Answer 36

Search for "conflict"

Question 37

How to know if participant number is enough to be significant

Answer 37

Search for power analysis

Question 38

How to know if the study had any drop outs

Answer 38

Investigate how many people were present at the end

Question 39

If more than ____ drop out, there is a threat to validity

Answer 39

20%

Question 40

What makes a quasi experimental design

Answer 40

no randomization no control group no pre-test (post-test) only

Question 41

Goal of measurement

Answer 41

TO QUANTIFY A SINGLE ISOLATED ATTRIBUTE IN A STANDARDIZED MANNER

Question 42

Power analysis

Answer 42

Determines whether or not a sample size is large enough for the study to hold statistical significance

Question 43

Internal validity

Answer 43

applies to the inferences about relationships among study variables

Question 44

External validity

Answer 44

the degree to which study findings are generalizable to other populations

Question 45

P value Less than 0.05

Answer 45

means the likelihood of the results being due to chance is less than 1/20. Therefore, the effect is statistically significant and the intervention is believe to have caused the change in outcome.

Question 46

Confounding Variable

Answer 46

When there is an alternative explanation for the outcome of a study that was NOT taken into account in the study design.