MT 2 Ida Flashcards
1
Q
In Europe only low virulence strains of IBuDV can be found.
A
F.
2
Q
IBuD is a very contagious disease.
A
T.
3
Q
Pigeons are the most susceptible to IBuDV.
A
F.
4
Q
Early IBuDV infection damages the humoral immunity.
A
T.
5
Q
Wild birds are involved in the transmission cycle of Eastern Eq Encephalomyelitis (EEE).
A
T.
6
Q
Ticks are involved in the transmission cycle of EEE.
A
F.
7
Q
Viral Eq encephalomyelitis is usually diagnosed on the basis of CS.
A
F.
8
Q
In endemic countries vaccines are available against Eq viral encephalomyelitis.
A
T.
9
Q
Flaviviruses form distinct serotypes, without serological cross- reactions.
A
F.
10
Q
Tick- borne encephalitis virus can be transmitted with raw goat milk.
A
T.
11
Q
Tick- borne encephalitis is mainly seen in humans.
A
T.
12
Q
The principle vector of Louping ill virus is Rhipicephalus appendiculatus.
A
F.
13
Q
WNV is only present in Africa.
A
F.
14
Q
Eq are the reservoir hosts of WNV.
A
F.
15
Q
The weather influences the emergence of WNV outbreaks, through it’s effect on mosquito propagation dynamics.
A
T.
16
Q
Lab diagnosis should confirm the aetiology of West Nile Encephalitis.
A
T.
17
Q
Sus is ø susceptible to BoVDV.
A
F.
18
Q
The BoVDV genotype 2 is less virulent than genotype 1.
A
F.
19
Q
The BoVDV cannot be transmitted by AI.
A
F.
20
Q
Intrauterine BoVDV infection always causes abortion.
A
F.
21
Q
Fomites do ø play a role in the transmission of CSFV.
A
F.
22
Q
Transplacental infection with CSFV may cause immunotolerance in new- born piglets.
A
T.
23
Q
Sus shed CSFV only in the terminal phase of the disease.
A
F.
24
Q
Europe is free from CSFV.
A
F.
25
CSFV is always an acute disease with high mortality in wild boars.
F.
26
The large intestine are the earliest lesions in CSF.
F.
27
The diagnosis of CSF is based on paired serum investigations.
F.
28
Porcine circovirus 2 may cause lesions similar to CSF.
T.
29
Rodents are the reservoirs hosts of Schmallenberg virus.
T.
30
In cattle Schmallenberg virus causes transient febrile disease with reduced milk production.
T.
31
Rift Valley fever virus is a zoonotic agent.
T.
32
The most frequent sign of the Nairobi sheep disease is encephalitis.
F.
33
ASF does ø occur in Europe.
F.
34
ASF is a resistant virus.
T.
35
Immunocomplexes are formed in the case of ASF.
T.
36
Only activated vaccines are used for the prevention of ASF.
F.
37
Teschen disease occurs all over the world.
F.
38
Only Sus are susceptible to teschovirus encephalomyelitis.
T.
39
Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is transmitted by arthopods.
F.
40
There is widespread vaccination using inactivated vaccines to prevent teschovirus encephalomyeltis.
F.
41
Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect only Sus.
F.
42
Encephalomyocarditis virus remains infective in the environment.
T.
43
Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause /os infection.
T.
44
Encephalomyocarditis virus can infect humans.
T.
45
FMD is sporadic in Europe.
T.
46
Resistance of FMDV is high, in the environment it remains infectious for weeks.
T.
47
FMDV frequently causes carditis in young animals.
T.
48
H2O buffalos are ø susceptible for FMD.
F.
49
The main signs of FMD are: fever, salivation, formation of vesicles + lameness.
T.
50
Serological examinations are important in diagnosis of FMD.
F.
51
In Europe vaccines must ø be used for prevention of FMD.
T.
52
In sheep CS of FMD are very mild, it is ø easy to recognize.
T.
53
VESV infects only Sus.
F.
54
Cats shed Fel Calicivirus for several wks.
T.
55
Lameness + fever are possible CS of Fel calicivirus infection.
T.
56
Rabbits >1mnth of age become susceptible to RHDV.
T.
57
Genetic re- assortements may cause significantn antigenic changes in erovirus strains.
T.
58
Bluetongue outbreaks mainly occur in summer + autumn.
T.
59
Goats are more resistant to the bluetongue than sheep.
T.
60
In Europe vaccination of small ru against bluetongue is mandatory.
F.
61
The AEqS is endemic in Europe + in the USA.
F.
62
Oedemas + hemorrhages are the most frequent leisons in AEqS.
T.
63
The signs of chronic AEqS + EqIA may be similar.
T.
64
The Eq encephalitis virus may cause abortion.
T.
65
Rotaviruses infect only mammals.
F.
66
Rotaviruses are typically transmitted via fecal- oral route.
T.
67
Trypsin resistant strains of Avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause diarrhea.
T.
68
Trypsin sensitive strains of avian orthoreoviruses frequently cause tenosynovitis.
T.
69
The IBuDV is very resistant in the enviroment.
T.
70
Infection of d- old chicken with IBuDV may cause permanent immunosuppression.
T.
71
Pathology lesions of IBuD can be similar to Avian Influenza.
T.
72
Young chicken can be immunized only with inactivated IBuDV vaccines.
F.
73
EEE is present in Japan + Korea.
F.
74
Mosquitoes are the principal vectors of the Western Eq encephalitis.
T.
75
ø characteristic gross pathology lesions are seen in Eq encephalitis caused by Togaviruses.
T.
76
Eastern, Western + Venezuelan Eq encephalitis viruses are zoonotic agents.
T.
77
Serological cross reactions frequently occur between related Flaviviruses.
T.
78
The Tick- borne encephalitis virus can be transmitted via consumption of raw milk.
T.
79
Louping ill is seen in rabbits in Australia.
F.
80
The WNV may cause encephalitis in humans + in Eq.
T.
81
Non- cytopathic strains of BoVDV can cause immunosuppression.
T.
82
In utero infection with non- cytopathic BoVDV can cause immunotolerance.
T.
83
Mucosal disease can delevop in cattle persistently infected with BoVD.
T.
84
The border disease is present only in UK.
F.
85
The CSFV is a zoonotic agent.
F.
86
Low virulence strains of CSFV may cause reproductive problems.
T.
87
CSFV may damage the lymphatic tissues + BV endothelial cells.
T.
88
Sus can shed CSFV in the incubation period.
T.
89
Skin suffusions + hemorrhages are signs of CSF.
T.
90
The CS of ASF + CSF are very different.
F.
91
Contaminated pork meat can play a role in the transmission of CSFV.
T.
92
Attenuated vaccines are developed for immunization of Sus against CSFV.
T.
93
The Schmallenberg virus is a zoonotic agent.
F.
94
The Rift Valley fever virus can cause reproductive disorders in cattle + sheep.
T.
95
Necrotic hepatitis is a lesion of Rift Valley fever.
T.
96
Hemorrhagic gastroenteritis is a lesion of Nairobi sheep disease.
T.
97
Ticks can transmit ASFV.
T.
98
Sus + wild boars are susceptible to ASFV.
T.
99
Warthogs can maintain ASFV in endemic areas.
T.
100
Attenuated vaccines are used for the prevention of ASF.
F.
101
SVDV can infect Sus + Ru.
F.
102
SVDV can cause infection /os.
T.
103
SVDV does ø cause viraemia, only local lesions can be seen.
F.
104
SVDV can infect humans.
F.
105
Duck hepatitis A virus is shed in faeces.
T.
106
Duck hepatitis A virus can cause germinative infection.
F.
107
CS of duck hepatitis can be mainly in laying ducks.
F.
108
Duck hepatitis A virus can be detected with PCR.
T.
109
For Europe Middle- East, Africa + Asia are the main danger to introduce FMD.
T.
110
In young animal FMDV frequently causes myocarditis.
T.
111
FMDV is highly contagious, spreads rapidly.
T.
112
In endemically infected countries vaccines are also used in prevention of FMD.
T.
113
O + A serotypes of FMD are mostly widespread in the world.
T.
114
In sheep CS of FMD are very mild.
T.
115
The resistance of FMDV is rather low, in the environment it is inactivated within days.
F.
116
About 1/2 of the countries of the world are presently infected with FMD.
T.
117
CS of VES can be similar to FMD.
T.
118
Oral erosions are signs of Fel calicivirus infection.
T.
119
Virulent strains of Fel calicivirus can cause systemic disease with mortality.
T.
120
RHD is present only in Australia.
F.
121
Reoviruses are sensitive to lipid solvents + detergents.
F.
122
The Bluetongue virus is vectored by midges/gnats.
T.
123
Lameness + abortions are signs of Bluetongue.
T.
124
The Epizootic hemorrhagic disease is present in USA in deer.
T.
125
The natural reservoirs of AEQSV are mainly zebras.
T.
126
Encephalitis is the most frequent sign of AEqS.
F.
127
Rotaviruses are shed in faeces in high titers.
T.
128
Rotaviruses usually cause enteritis in young ( 1- 2 wks old) animals.
T.
129
Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in calves.
T.
130
Eq usually develop lethal hemorrhagic enteritis in Orthoreovirus infections.
F.
131
Infection of adult birds with Orthoreoviruses usually remains subclinical.
T.
132
Avian orthoreoviruses can cause necrotic + inflammatory foci in visceral organs.
T.
133
Very virulent strains of IBuDV may cause disease in chicken with maternally derived Ab too.
T.
134
IBuDV does ø cause disease in adult chicken ( >2 mnths of age).
T.
135
Fever, diarrhea + anaemia are signs of IBuD.
T.
136
Vaccines provide high level of protection against all IBuDV strains.
F.
137
ASFV has a low resistance.
F.
138
ASFV can infect Sus + wild boars.
T.
139
The CS of ASF are more severe in wild boars than in farmed Sus.
F.
140
There is a widespread vaccination in endemic areas to prevent ASF.
F.
141
Talfan disease occurs in Europe, America + Australis.
T.
142
Sus + Ru are susceptible to the agent of Talfan disease.
F.
143
The agent of Talfan disease replicates in the gut.
T.
144
The agent of Talfan disease is shed lifelong after the infections.
F.
145
Germinative infection is the 1º way of infection with Duck hepatitis A virus.
F.
146
CS of Duck hepatitis are seen in 1- 4 wks old ducklings.
T.
147
Spasmodical paddling is a typical sign of Duck hepatitis.
T.
148
There are ø vaccines for the prevention of Duck hepatitis.
F.
149
Resistance of FMDV is low, in the environment, they are inactivated within days.
F.
150
FMDV can get into Europe most easily from Turkey, Middle east + N.Africa.
T.
151
FMDV can cause severe myocarditis in young calves + piglets.
T.
152
In infected countries inactivated vaccine are also used for prevention of FMD.
T.
153
Sus shed large amt of FMDV with their saliva during the acute phase of the disease.
T.
154
Cat queens frequently abort in the acute phase of Fel calicivirus infection.
F.
155
Some variants of Fel calicivirus may escape vaccine induced protection.
T.
156
RHDV usually causes death in 1- 3 wks old rabbits.
F.
157
There are ø vaccines available against RHD.
F.
158
Bluetongue is present only in tropical areas.
F.
159
Bluetongue virus is typically vectored by ticks.
F.
160
Endothelial damages are the most important causes of CS of Bluetongue.
T.
161
Sheep are less sensitive to Bluetongue than Sus.
F.
162
Epizootic hemorrhagic disease was described only in Australia so far.
F.
163
Occasionally Car may get infected with AEqSV.
T.
164
Zebras are more resistant to AEqS than Eq
T.
165
Immunized Eq may develop a chronic, febrile form of AEqS.
T.
166
Tenosynovitis is one of the most typical manifestations of Avian Orthoreovirus infections.
T.
167
Avian orthoreoviruses may cause necrotic foci in the visceral organs of birds.
T.
168
The IBuDV is very sensitive to detergents.
F.
169
IBuDV serotype 2 is used for immunization of chicken against IBuD.
F.
170
Clinical manifestations of IBuD are seen mainly in chicken between the age of 3 and 6 wks.
T.
171
Moderately attenuated ( " hot") IBuDV vaccines are used for the immunization of young chicken without yolk immunity.
F.
172
All known strains of CSFV are of highly virulence.
F.
173
CSFV may cause reproductive disorders.
T.
174
Hemorrhages are the most typical lesion of acute CSF.
T.
175
Avian orthoreoviruses usually cause disease in adult birds.
F.
176
CSF may appear in a milder form in wild boar than in domestic Sus.
T.
177
CSFV may survive in frozen meat for mnths.
T.
178
Shedding of CSFV begins 1- 2 days after the appearance of CS.
F.
179
CSFV can cause central nervous signs only in suckling piglets.
F.
180
Erysipelas + Porcine circovirus 2 infections may cause CS + pathology lesions similar to CSF.
T.
181
Abortions + fetal malformations are the most typocal signs of Akabane disease.
T.
182
The acute signs of Schmallenberg virus infection in cattle are fever + reduced milk production.
T.
183
Certain European mosquito sp are competent vectors of Rift Valley fever virus.
T.
184
Rift Valley fever may cause high lethality in young Ru.
T.
185
In Europe the ticks are the most important means in the transmission of ASFV.
F.
186
In case of ASF infection viraemia can last for mnths.
T.
187
Infection by moderately virulent ASFV results in high mortality of sows.
T.
188
In acute ASF the leading pathological lesion is haemorrhage.
T.
189
FMDV can be transferred by frozen meat.
T.
190
FMDV cannot be isolated in cell culture.
F.
191
FMDV is genetically + serologically uniform.
F.
192
The main reservoirs of FMDV are cattle + buffalo.
T.
193
FMDV is carried in the tonsils, lymphatic tissues + hoof of the infected animal.
T.
194
FMD erosions are characteristic with tattered edge + red base.
T.
195
FMD infection in young naimals leads to myocarditis.
T.
196
Vaccination against FMD can prevent the infection.
F.
197
VES is more contagious than FMD.
F.
198
VES can be easily differentiated from FMD by the character of the vesicles.
F.
199
Virulent systemic Fel calicivirus causes more severe symptoms in kittens.
F.
200
FCV infection results in a 2- phase fever.
T.
201
The hemorrhage in RHD is the result of virus multiplication in the liver.
T.
202
In RHD pathology we can see hemorrhages + infarcts in the kidney.
T.
203
Noroviruses may be zoonotic.
T.
204
The avian hepatitis E is zoonotic.
F.
205
The IBuV has more than 1 virulence variants.
T.
206
The IBuV causes anaemia.
T.
207
The IBuV can be isolated on CAM.
T.
208
There is ø vaccine available against IBuV.
F.
209
Teschen + Talfan disease are caused by different virulence variants of the same virus.
T.
210
Porcine Teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is shed in the faeces.
T.
211
Asymptomatic Sus can shed the porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus.
T.
212
Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus replicates in the gut.
T.
213
SVDV ø survive in the environment.
F.
214
SVDV causes viraemia.
T.
215
SVDV can cause vesicles on the snout.
T.
216
The mortality of SVD is generally >50%.
F.
217
Encephalomyocarditis virus has anrrow host range.
F.
218
Rodents can maintain encephalomyocarditis infection.
T.
219
Encephalomyocarditis virus can cause necrosis of the heart m.
T.
220
Encephalomyocarditis is a zoonosis.
T.
221
Trypsin sensitive orthoreoviruses can cause respiratory disease.
T.
222
Sus rotavirus infection is frequently followed by E.coli 2º infection in piglets.
T.
223
Avian rotaviruses can cause tenosynovitis.
F.
224
Avian orthoreoviruses can cause germinative ( ovogen) infection.
T.
225
Rotaviral enteritis of calves can be prevented by immunization of pregnant cows.
T.
226
Rotaviruses can cause chronic enteritis + persistent infection.
F.
227
Blutongue causes transient infection in cattle.
F.
228
Bluetongue vaccines induce serotypes- specific immunity.
T.
229
AEqS was transproted to Europe by migratory birds.
F.
230
AEqS can cause encephaltiis.
F.
231
AEqS is a notifiable ( communicable ) disease in Europe.
T.
232
AEqS can cause lung oedeman.
T.
233
Orthoreoviruses can cause encephalitis in cattle.
F.
234
Avian orthoreoviruses can cause inapparent infections in poultry.
T.
235
Avian orthoreoviruses can cause poultry enteritis- mortality syndrome ( PEMS).
T.
236
Infectious tenosynovitis can be prevented by vacciantion.
T.
237
Togaviruses caused encephalomyelitis of Eq occurs frequently worldwide.
F.
238
The host range of Eq encephalomyelitis is wide.
T.
239
American Eq encephalomyelitis most frequently cause CS is birds, Eq + humans.
T.
240
Humans are ø susceptible to Eq encephalomyelitis togaviruses.
F.
241
Tick- borne encephalomyelitis mainly occurs clinically in humans.
T.
242
Tick- borne encephalomyelitis occurs throughout Europe + Asia.
T.
243
Tick- borne encephalomyelitis exists as natural foci infections.
T.
244
Ru are long term carriers of tick- borne encephalomyelitis virus.
F.
245
WN fever practically is restricted to africa.
F.
246
The most important maintaining hosts of WNFV are H2O birds.
T.
247
CS of WN fever are most frequently seen in birds, Eq ++ humans.
T.
248
Neurological signs develop only in a small % of the diseased animals.
T.
249
BoVD clinically is mostly seen in cattle from 6- 24 mnths of age.
T.
250
BoVDV can cause severe damage to fetuses in pregnant cows.
T.
251
Only cattle is susceptible to BoVDV.
F.
252
Border disease appears as fetal damage in pregnant ewes.
T.
253
CSFV is shed with faeces, when boutons appear in the intestines.
F.
254
CSFV can cause nervous symptoms only in suckling piglets.
F.
255
CSFV can cause immunosuppression in Sus.
T.
256
CSF can be eradicated from wild boar populations by oral vaccination.
F.
257
CSFV is rarely complicated by 2º infections.
F.
258
CSF can be disgnosed easily by the characteristic symptoms + lesions.
F.
259
Domestic Sus stocks are free of classical Sus fever in most of the European countries.
T.
260
CSF usually appears in a milder form in wild boar than in domestic Sus.
T.
261
Akabane disease is zoonotic.
F.
262
Schmallenberg disease is zoonotic.
F.
263
Rift Valley fever is zoonotic.
T.
264
Nairobi sheep disease is zoonotic.
T.
265
Despite being enveloped, the resistance ofASFV in the environment is high.
T.
266
The moderately virulent ASFV does ø cause fever.
F.
267
In case of infection by highly virulent ASFV we can see skin necrosis as CS.
F.
268
In chronic cases of ASF spleen hyperplasia is a leading pathological lesion.
T.
269
FMDV retains it's infectivity >1 mnth in manure.
T.
270
Genotype C of FMDV is the most frequent detected worlwide.
F.
271
Sus shed about 1000- 3000 % higher FMDV conc comparing to Ru.
T.
272
Hedgehogs are susceptible to FMD.
T.
273
Shedding of FMDV starts 3 d after the infection.
F.
274
FMDV is shed by semen too.
T.
275
Vaccinated animals can carry FMDV.
T.
276
Comparing to cattle, Sus show milder vesicular symptoms.
T.
277
VES is sea- mammal O.
T.
278
We can differentiate VES from FMD by the lack of lameness.
F.
279
Infected cats carry Fel calicivirus at least for a mnth.
T.
280
Fel calicivirus may be shed by urine + faeces.
T.
281
Vaccine against RHD is produced in rabbits.
T.
282
RHD causes airborne infection.
T.
283
Sapoviruses cause GI infections in humans.
T.
284
Hepatitis E virus causes characteristic clinical symptoms in sus.
F.
285
The resistance of IBuV is very high.
T.
286
IBuV spreads by mosquitoes.
F.
287
IBuDV causes immunosuppression in chicken between 2- 8 wks of age.
T.
288
By disinfection of the eggshell we can prevent IBu DV infection.
T.
289
Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis is mainly caused by serotype 1 strains.
T.
290
Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus is maintained by rodents.
F.
291
Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus can infect Sus + cattle.
F.
292
Porcine teschovirus encephalomyelitis virus cannot survive in the environment.
F.
293
Avian encephalomyelitis is caused by a double stranded DNA virus.
F.
294
Chickens are susceptible to Avian encephalomyelitis virus.
T.
295
Germinative infection is a way of spreading of avian encephalomyelitis virus.
T.
296
Tremor is a common CS of avian encephalomyelitis.
T.
297
/os infection is a common way of infection with duck hepatitis ! virus.
T.
298
CS of duck hepatitis can be seen in all age groups.
F.
299
Orbivirus spread by droplet ( aerogen) infection.
F.
300
Bluetongue disease occurs only in Africa.
F.
301
Bluetongue is named after the cyanosis of the tongue.
T.
302
Bluetongue is named after the pseudo- melanosis of the tongue.
F.
303
Bluetongue infects also Eq + dogs.
F.
304
Bluetongue is also fetopathic.
T.
305
Ibaraki disease virus immunizes against bluetongue.
F.
306
Eq encephalosis appeared several times in Europe between 2006 + 2009.
F.
307
AEqS is spread by ticks.
F.
308
AEqS is zoonotic.
F.
309
AEqS is prevented in Africa by combined vaccines.
T.
310
Eq encephalosis is endemic in Africa.
T.
311
The subacute form of African bare sickness is causing oedema formation + HF.
T.
312
Rotaviruses cause mainly respiratory signs in cattle.
F.
313
Orthoreoviruses can cause pneumoenteritis in cattle.
T.
314
Avian orthoreo- + rotaviruses can cause stunting syndrome in chickens.
T.
315
American Eq encephalomyelitis viruses represent several types + subtypes.
T.
316
Vectors of American Eq encephalomyelitis Togaviruses are mosquitoes.
T.
317
Main means of control of American Eq encephalomyelitis are mosquito control + vaccine.
T.
318
Vaccines cannot be used to prevent Togaviruses caused encephalomyelitis of Eq.
F.
319
Tick- borne encephalomyelitis most frequently is seen clinically in Ru.
F.
320
Occasionally tick- borne encephalomyelitis virus can be transmitted to humans via consuming raw milk.
T.
321
Tick- borne encephalomyelitis occurs seasonally.
T.
322
For humans inactivated tick- borne encephalomyelitis virus vaccines are also available.
T.
323
WN fever occurs worldwide.
T.
324
Vectors of WNFV are different mosquito sp.
T.
325
The host range of WNV is very wide.
T.
326
Humans are ø susceptible to WNDV.
F.
327
BoVDV exists in several serotypes.
F.
328
BoVD infection of pregannt cows can result in delivery of immunotolerant persistently infected calves.
T.
329
Bulls can shed BVDV for long time in semen, without showing any CS.
T.
330
Both attenuated live + inactivated vaccines are used in eradication of BoVD.
T.
331
Acute CSF can cause hemorrhagic pneumonia.
T.
332
CSFV doesn't induce neutralizing Ab production.
F.
333
CSFV is inactivated in chilled meat at -20ºC.
F.
334
CSFV can cause immunotolerance in Sus.
T.
335
CSFV is immunosuppressive.
T.
336
Only DIVA vaccines should be used to prevent CSF in Sus stocks.
F.
337
CSFV causes lympho-histiocytic encephalitis in Sus.
T.
338
CSFV causes lympho- histiocytic encephalitis in Car.
F.
339
Rift Valley fever causes human epidemics in Africa.
T.
340
Ticks are reservoirs + vectors of the Schmallenberg virus.
F.
341
Schmallenberg virus was transported to Europe + souuth america.
F.
342
Nairobi sheep disease can cause hemorrhagic enteritis among sheep
T.
