MTB 2

Question 1

How does Juvenile Angiofibroma (JNA) present ?

Answer 1

Adolescent w epistaxis
Nasal obstruction
Visible nasal mass

Question 2

Is JNA malignant or benign?

Answer 2

Benign - but can erode and invade local area

Question 3

TX for JNA?

Answer 3

Remove if:
Enlarging
Chronic nosebleeds
obstructing airways

Question 4

Omphalocele

Answer 4

Wall defect where intestines and organs form beyond abdominal wall WITH sac covering

Question 5

How to screen for omphalocele?

Answer 5

Maternal AFP and US

Question 6

Tx for omphalocele

Answer 6

Surgical reintroduction

Question 7

What congenital disorder ass’d with omphalocele?

Answer 7

Edwards. 18

Question 8

What do high AFP levels indicate?

Answer 8

NTDs

Abd wall defects

Question 9

MCC for high AFP?

Answer 9

Incorrect dating

Question 10

What is umbilical hernia ass’d with?

Answer 10

Hypothyroidism

Question 11

Tx for umbilical hernia?

Answer 11

Most close by age 3.

Surgical repair at age 4.

Question 12

What IS an umbilical hernia?

Answer 12

Weakness of rectus abdominis

vessels and bowel protrude

Question 13

What is gastroschisis?

Answer 13

Wall defect where intestines and organs form beyond abdominal wall WITHOUT sac covering

Question 14

Where is gastroschisis in relation to midline?

Answer 14

Lateral to midline

Question 15

Tx for gastroschisis?

Answer 15

Immediate surgical intervention - gradual reintroduction of bowel

Question 16

What age do wee see Wilms tumor?

Answer 16

Ages 2-5

Question 17

Large palpable abdominal mass?

Answer 17

Wilms tumor

Question 18

Presentation of Wilms tumor?

Answer 18

MC Asymptomatic
Hematuria, HTN, fever
Constipation, abd pain with N/V

Question 19

Where does Wilms tumor metastasize to?

Answer 19

Lung

Question 20

MC primary renal neoplasm in kids?

Answer 20

Wilm’s tumor

Question 21

Wilm’s tumor ass’d with?

Answer 21

Aniridia - malignancy

Question 22

Best initial test for Wilms tumor

Answer 22

Abd US

Question 23

Most accurate test for Wilms?

Answer 23

CT

Question 24

Deletion on chromosome 11 with large palpable abdominal mass?

Answer 24

WAGR
Wilms tumor
Aniridia
Genitourinary malformation
MR

Question 25

Tx for Wilms?

Answer 25

Total nephrectomy w/chemo and radiation | If BL kidney -> partial nephrectomy

Question 26

What age do we see neuroblastoma?

Answer 26

Usually 1st year of life

Question 27

Abdominal mass that crosses midline in infant?

Answer 27

Neuroblastoma

Question 28

Hypsarrythmia (dancing eyes) and opsoclonus (dancing feet)?

Answer 28

Neuroblastoma

Question 29

MC cancer in infants?

Answer 29

Neuroblastoma

Question 30

Dx for Neuroblastoma?

Answer 30

Increased VMA and metanephrines in urine

Question 31

How to Dx UTIs in peds?

Answer 31

Pyuria on UA and growth of 50,000 colony forming units

Question 32

TX for UTI in peds?

Answer 32

7-14 days oral Abx

Question 33

TX for 1st febrile UTI in pt < 24 mo's?

Answer 33

Renal and bladder US

Question 34

How does Hydrocele present?

Answer 34

Painless Swollen Fluid-filled sac Along spermatic cords w/in scrotum

Question 35

What transilluminates upon inspection?

Answer 35

Hydrocele

Question 36

Tx for hydrocele?

Answer 36

Usually resolves w/in 6 mos

Question 37

What is cryptorchidism?

Answer 37

Absence of one testicle

Question 38

When do we treat cryptorchidism?

Answer 38

After 1 year - orchiplexy

Question 39

Why do we do orchiplexy in cryptorchidism?

Answer 39

to avoid sterility

Question 40

What is cryptorchidism ass'd with

Answer 40

Malignancy

Question 41

What is hypospadias?

Answer 41

Opening of urethra is on ventral side of penis

Question 42

What is hypospadias ass'd with?

Answer 42

Cryptorchidism | Inguinal hernia

Question 43

Tx for hypospadias?

Answer 43

surgical correction

Question 44

Do we circumcise hypospadias?

Answer 44

NO

Question 45

What is epispadias ass'd with?

Answer 45

Urinary incontinence | bladder exstrophy

Question 46

Epispadias

Answer 46

Opening of urethra is on dorsal side of penis

Question 47

MC cyanotic heart defect in kids?

Answer 47

Tet of FAllot

Question 48

5 yo presents with SOB while playing with kids, bluish hue to his lips with frequent squatting?

Answer 48

Tet of Fallot

Question 49

Tet of fallot murmur

Answer 49

Holosystolic murmur heart best at left lower sternal border

Question 50

What effect does squatting have on preload adn SVR?

Answer 50

Increases preload Increased SVR R to L shunting causes increased pulmonary blood flow and increased blood oxygen saturation

Question 51

What does CXR show for tet of fallot?

Answer 51

Boot shaped heart | Decreased pulmonary vascular markings