Multi-hazardous environment - Philippines

Question 1

where is located continentally?

Answer 1

off mainland South east asia

Question 2

how many islands?§

Answer 2

over 7,600

Question 3

how people live there?

Answer 3

114 million people

Question 4

how. does their economy compare to the rest of south east Asia?

Answer 4

4th richest

Question 5

what is it now considered - economy wise?

Answer 5

a Newly Industrialised Country

Question 6

how much of the population live below the poverty line?

Answer 6

21.6%

Question 7

why do they get so many volcanoes and earthquakes?

Answer 7

on the western rim of the ‘pacific ring of fire’

Question 8

bc of typhoons and volcanic activity what are they prone to ?

Answer 8

lahars

Question 9

what primary natural hazards do they experience?

Answer 9

earthquakes, volcanoes, typhoons

Question 10

why are they prone to typhoons?

Answer 10

cross the pacific towards south east Asia

Question 11

they are the most exposed country to what?

Answer 11

typhoons

Question 12

how much of the national GDP do tropical storms cost?

Answer 12

0.5%

Question 13

how many severe earthquakes did they have in 2018?

Answer 13

2

Question 14

what volcano erruption was there in 2018?

Answer 14

mount mayon

Question 15

how many typhoons and tropical storms were there in 2018?

Answer 15

9 and one super-typhoon in Mangkut

Question 16

how many died in the Mangkut typhoon in 2018?

Answer 16

127 - mainly miners and families etc. due to a landslide

Question 17

how many earthquakes were there between 2000-2017 of at least 6.0MW?

Answer 17

17

Question 18

examples of bad earthquakes?

Answer 18

• 1976= off Mindanao - 7.9MW
• 1990 - Luzon - 7.8MW
• 2013 - Bohol - 7.2MW

Question 19

how many died in 1976 Mindanao earthquake? why?

Answer 19

8,000 - tsunami and western shore flood

Question 20

how many died in 1990 Luzon earthquake?

Answer 20

1,600

Question 21

how many died and injured in 2013 Bohol earthquake?

Answer 21

killed 200 - injured 800

Question 22

roughly how many active volcanoes are there?

Answer 22

23

Question 23

3 major volcanoes (and when was their most violent eruption?)

Answer 23

Mayon (1814), Pinatubo (1991), Taal

Question 24

how many people live in a 40km radius of Pinatubo?

Answer 24

500,000

Question 25

what saved 5,000 people at Pinatubo?

Answer 25

early warnings and evacuations

Question 26

what did pinatubo do?

Answer 26

hurled gases, ash and steam into the atmosphere cooling the worlds temp by 0.5oC

Question 27

what killed 850 at pinatubo 1991?

Answer 27

deadly lahars bc of typhoon Yunya

Question 28

what is the risk of Typhoons?

Answer 28

severe flooding, landslides and lahars (volcanic ash)

Question 29

what have typhoons caused the highest number in?

Answer 29

deaths

Question 30

typhoon Mangkhut waas the strongest to hit land since what?

Answer 30

typhoon Haiyan

Question 31

how much did typhoon Mangkhut cost?

Answer 31

627 mill USD

Question 32

what does the Red Cross say how many were affected I the worst places during typhoon Mangkhut?

Answer 32

3 million

Question 33

bc of typhoon Mangkhut how many were further affected further south due to floodinG?

Answer 33

11 million

Question 34

what can hazards be the direct cause of?

Answer 34

Tsunamis, Landslides, flooding, fires and lahars

Question 35

how many disasters have they had?

Answer 35

over 300

Question 36

what does the gov say has happened to typhoons?

Answer 36

more severe due to climate change

Question 37

what has worsened effects of hazards?

Answer 37

people live in low-lying, cheap and crowded housing excellerated by rapid urbanisation and environmental degradation - deforestation

Question 38

what has environmental degradation increased?

Answer 38

landslides and flooding bc more surface runoff

Question 39

what do instituational arrangements an disaster management rely on?

Answer 39

response and reactive approach

Question 40

for responses what is their emphasis on?

Answer 40

post-disaster relief and short term preparations --> centralised top-down administrative system

Question 41

examples of centralised top-down administrative system?

Answer 41

community based and local initiatives

Question 42

what should the response be?

Answer 42

bottom up - help most vulnerable

Question 43

example of bottom up initiative?

Answer 43

Phillipines National Red Cross (PNRC)

Question 44

what is the aim of the PNRC?

Answer 44

reduce impacts of natural disasters

Question 45

how do the PNRC want to reduce impacts of natural disaster?

Answer 45

encourage collaboration in lives and recourses

Question 46

what areas do the PNRC want to address?

Answer 46

- partnership of gov bodies to gain finance for mitigation - educate locals on disaster management - identify risk. - land use maps and make mitigation methods choices - do mitigation - physical or health related (clean water)

Question 47

what two ways are Filipino people described?

Answer 47

resilient or fatalistic

Question 48

what do the UN say about the Filipino central gov. ?

Answer 48

best risk reduction laws globally?

Question 49

what is the problem with risk reduction laws?

Answer 49

only on paper

Question 50

what has been the problem with responses and government?

Answer 50

bc of 7,600 islands - responsibility is local - money not wisely spent

Question 51

bc of a new legislation, how much of disaster spending money is long-term?

Answer 51

70%

Question 52

bc of a new legislation, how much of disaster spending money is short-term - emergency aid?

Answer 52

30%