MULTI STORE MODEL Flashcards
(17 cards)
what is the MSM?
cognitive model proposed by atkinson and shift in (1968) describes memory as linear flow through three stores
- sensory register
- short term memory
- long term memory
what are the features of the sensory register?
- short duration (0.5 seconds)
- large capacity
- modality specific coding (eg. visual=iconic , sound=echoic)
what are the features of STM?
- duration: 18-30 seconds (peterson and peterson)
- capacity: 7±2 items (miller)
- mainly acoustic coding (baddeley)
what are the features of LTM?
- unlimited capacity and duration (potentially a lifetime)
- encoding primarily semantic (baddeley)
what is the role of attention in the MSM?
attention required to transfer info from sensory register to STM , otherwise info decays
how does rehearsal affect memory according to MSM?
- maintainece rehearsal keeps info in STM
- prolonged rehearsal enables transfer to LTM
what is retrieval in MSM?
process of bringing info from LTM back into STM
what did baddeleys research show about encoding?
STM relies on acoustic coding , LTM relies on semantic coding - supports MSM separate stores
how does HM support the MSM?
after hippocampus removed , STM remained but LTM formation was impaired - supports separate stores
how does KF challenge the MSM?
KF had poor STM for verbal info but good visual memory - suggests STM is not unitary (WMM better explanation)
why is the MSM considered over simplistic?
treats STM and LTM as single stores but evidence (eg. tulving episodic vs procedural LTM) suggests multiple subsystemas
how can MSM be applied in education?
encourages use of repetition to encode info in LTM - study strategies like flashcards
what is encoding in memory?
the process of changing info into a form that can be stored eg. acoustic (STM) , semantic (LTM)
what is capacity in the context of memory?
the amount of info a memory store can hold
what is meant by the duration of memory?
how long info can be stores
ahmed is revising for an exam. he repeats facts out loud to remember them. use the MSM to explain how this technique helps him remember the info c
according to the MSM , repeating facts out loud is a form of rehearsal that keeps info in STM and eventually transfers it to LTM . this technique allows ahmed to encode the info acoustically and store it long term for retrieval in the exam
lou saw a car crash but can’t remember many details . using knowledge of the STM explain why lou may have forgotten the event
she may not have paid full attention to the crash , so the info remained in the SR and was not transferred to STM
