Multi Store model of memory

Question 1

who made the multi store model

Answer 1

Atkinson and Shriffin

Question 2

The three stores of THE MSM

Answer 2

Sensory register
Short-term memory
Long term memory

Question 3

what is the sensory register

Answer 3

where all our sensory info is passed to and stored the
the sensory info is our five senses

Question 4

what is coding

Answer 4

how memory is stored

Question 5

the two types of coding in the sensory register

Answer 5

Iconic memory
echoic memory

Question 6

what is capacity

Answer 6

how much data can be held in memory store

Question 7

SR capacity

Answer 7

very high capacity

Question 8

what is duration

Answer 8

how long a memory is held

Question 9

what is attention

Answer 9

a link between SR and STM
if attention is paid it then goes into your STM

Question 10

What is STM

Answer 10

memory used for present and immediate tasks

Question 11

coding of STM

Answer 11

acoustic

Question 12

capacity of STM

Answer 12

limited miller suggets 5-9 items

Question 13

duration of STM

Answer 13

around 18 seconds unless rehearsed

Question 14

what can rehearsal of memory lead to

Answer 14

memory passing over form STM to LTM

Question 15

two types of rehearsal

Answer 15

Maintenance and elaborative

Question 16

mainetenance rehearsal

Answer 16

is surface lvl repetition

Question 17

elaborative rehearsal

Answer 17

deeper processing

Question 18

what is LTM

Answer 18

permanent memory store of past events

Question 19

how to recall info passed into LTM

Answer 19

through retrieval

Question 20

coding LTM

Answer 20

semantically based on meaning

Question 21

capacity LTM

Answer 21

potentially unlimited

Question 22

duration LTM

Answer 22

lifetime
but can forget through displacement from STM or LTM decay

Question 23

MSM AO3: controlled lab studies on capacity coding duration having separate memory stores

Answer 23

controlled lab studies on capacity coding and duration having separate memory stores

Baddeley (1966):
Tested recall in four groups with different word lists.
Found acoustic similarity caused confusion in STM.
Found semantic similarity caused confusion in LTM.

suggests LTM and STM have different coding processes

Question 24

MSM AO3: HM case study

Answer 24

HM underwent brain surgery to treat epilepsy, resulting in the removal of his hippocampus.
After surgery:
He could recall LTM from before the operation.

He was unable to form new memories, indicating that STM could not transfer to LTM.

This suggests that the brain uses separate regions or structures for STM and LTM

Question 25

MSM AO3: too simple

Answer 25

research believes that there's many stores of LTM and STM instead of them being unitary WMM seemed as better MSM oversimplifies complexity of memory processes

Question 26

MSM AO3: uses fake tasks

Answer 26

recalling string of digits and letter can be seen as artificial task eg baddeley used artificial stimuli than meaning material may not reflect how memory work irl scenarios so lacks ecological validity

Question 27

three stores of LTM

Answer 27

episodic semantic procedural

Question 28

episodic memory

Answer 28

recall personal events in the life of a person eg what i had for dinner often time stamped remember emotions felt and the wider context

Question 29

semantic memory

Answer 29

recall facts and meaning of the world around us eg that 2x10=20 not time stamped not personal

Question 30

procedural memory

Answer 30

how to carry out tasks eg ride a bike little conscious thought formed through lots of practice and skills

Question 31

LTM AO3: lots of evidence

Answer 31

case study of HM show episodic memory was affected but semantic and procedural were not

Question 32

LTM stores AO3: brain scan evidence

Answer 32

episodic memory with hippocampus semantic with temporal lobe procedural with cerebellum evidence has high reliability since objective

Question 33

LTM stores AO3: HM study cannot be generalised

Answer 33

cannot be generalised from immediate subject since sample is only of one person cant be representative of wider population weakens support

Question 34

LTM stores AO3: cross overs

Answer 34

cross overs between episodic and semantic memories eg learning french at school suggests that LTM is more complex