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phil final > multiple choice > Flashcards

multiple choice Flashcards

(64 cards)

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1
Q

Intellectual substances are capable of willing

A

T

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2
Q

The intellectual substance is a body

A

F

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3
Q

The intelligent substance is composed of matter and form

A

F

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4
Q

What does Aquinas defend as the definitive ability of an intellectual substance with a will?

A

ability to move themselves

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5
Q

Why is intellectual substance incorruptible?

A

[X] subsistent forms

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6
Q

What is one of the ways that Aquinas argues the intellect is not the same as the senses?

A

sense is cognizant of singulars

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7
Q

The passions/emotions can exist in the virtuous person if they are ______.

A

subordinate to reason

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8
Q

Who is Aquinas’ model for believing that sorrow can exist within the virtuous person?

A

Jesus Christ

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9
Q

According to Aristotle, rocks have souls

A

F

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10
Q

According to Aristotle, plants have souls

A

T

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11
Q

According to Aristotle, the soul is not separable from the body

A

T

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12
Q

What is the soul according to Aristotle?

A

principle of animals

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13
Q

Aristotle concludes that _______.

A

Affections and matter are inseparable

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14
Q

Matter is _____ and form is _____.

A

Potentiality / Actuality

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15
Q

A defining account (definition) must not only show a fact, but must also indicate its ______.

A

cause

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16
Q

What distinguishes things with souls from those without?

A

living

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17
Q

How does Aristotle separate plants, animals, and humans?

A

Different cognitive functionality

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18
Q

What are Aristotle’s three divisions (three principles or three parts) of the soul?

A

Nutritive, Perceptive, Understanding

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19
Q

Augustine claims the mind/soul is immaterial as it has the ability to be present (feel sensations) in different places of the body at the same time

A

T

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20
Q

Augustine believes that the flesh (i.e., body) is the root of vice

A

F

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21
Q

What can die a second death in the thought of Augustine?

A

soul

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22
Q

How is righteousness fulfilled according to Augustine?

A

death

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23
Q

What is the origin of evil according to Augustine?

A

free will

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24
Q

Augustine differs from the Greeks in that he views ________.

A

The soul as corrupting the body.

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25
The right (or good) will is _______.
well directed love
26
Which virtue exalts humanity?
humility
27
How does Descartes classify sensory perceptions?
mental events
28
What kind of perception is, "I am certain that I am a thinking thing?"
vivid and clear
29
What two things does this meditation set out to accomplish?
God exists and he is not a deceiver.
30
Which kinds of thought are prone to mistakes?
judgements
31
How does Descartes define the term innate (as in innate idea)?
derived purely from my own nature
32
How does Descartes reinvision ideas to illustrate differences between ideas (not ideas simply as mental events).
ideas as representations
33
How does Descartes understand the nature of causation?  What is his causal principle?
effects must have as much reality as their cause
34
What problem does Descartes raise with ideas causing other ideas?
infinite regress
35
What is the problem with the idea of having an idea of an infinite substance according to Descartes?
I am a finite substance.
36
When wax melts, according to Descartes, its identity changes
F
37
For Descartes, God must exist
T
38
In order to establish any firm and lasting knowledge, for Descartes, what must he do?
Find something certain and indubitable that can act as a foundation for whatever one knows.
39
Descartes finds reason to doubt everything because...
It is possible that there is an evil demon deceiving him about everything.
40
According to Descartes, which of the following best describes the soul?
a thinking thing
41
For Descartes, what is crucial about "I am I exist" is that it:
is certainly true whenever I think it.
42
In Meditation 1, Descartes initially takes the argument that we cannot rely on our senses to require only that he show that they:
sometimes mislead
43
The evil demon cannot deceive Descartes that he exists when he thinks that he does because deception:
requires thought
44
Descartes introduces the argument of the wax (Meditation 2) to show that:
the mind is better known than the body.
45
Descartes' crucial observation about the wax is that:
I continue to know it, despite numerous external changes.
46
An Epicurean ought to secure the finest luxuries possible.
F
47
Sober reasoning produces the pleasant life.
T
48
Epicurus thinks that the study of philosophy is for _____.
the health of the soul
49
What is the primary concept/object of meditation for philosophy?
happiness
50
Impiety according to Epicurus is _____?
Attaching oneself to the belief of the many
51
What makes death painful according to Epicurus?
anticipation
52
What is the best way to attain blessedness?
avoid pain
53
What is the Epicurean standard by which he judges every good?
pleasure
54
What is the greatest good in Epicurean thought?
prudence
55
What does Hobbes believe is similar in all men (i.e., humans)?
thoughts and passions
56
What is the cause of sense according to Hobbes?
external bodies
57
What does Hobbes argue the philosophy schools through all universities of the Christian world -- based on Aristotle -- teach?
intelligible species
58
How does Hobbes understand happiness?
continual progress of desires
59
What are the origins of ideas according to Hume?
impressions
60
What is a complex idea according to Hume?
able to be distinguished into parts
61
How does Hume justify the idea that simple impressions always come before simple ideas?
constant experience / constant conjunction
62
What problem does Hume raise for his own position concerning ideas and impressions?
color shades
63
What does Hume think is problematic about the way philosophers’ reason about the mind?
leaves out children and animals
64
What is reason according to Hume?
instinct

phil final (2 decks)

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