Multiple Choice Flashcards
(118 cards)
1
Q
With increasing receptor convergence you get?
a) Resolution
b) sensitivity
c) decreasing
d) increasing
A
d) increasing
2
Q
What does the multichannel model of vision (Campbell & Robson, 1968) state??
A
The visual system decomposes the white light into multiple spectral colors.
3
Q
Location of rods of the Retina?
A
are mostly located at the peripheral regions of the retina.
4
Q
As a rule, animals have laced eyes which …..binocular overlap predator frontally (ikke min setning)
A
Frontally Maximise
5
Q
The constructive nature of perception refers to ?
A
to the fact that perception is based on knowledge and experience
6
Q
Which of the following brain areas is NOT a part of the visual system?
A
STG
7
Q
Which of the following is a classical psychophysical method used by Fechner?
A
Method of constant stimuli.
8
Q
Mullers doctrine of specific energies states that:
A
The nature of sensation depends on which sensory fibers were stimulated.
9
Q
The theory of object recognition that argues for multuple stored views of an object is called:
A
View-based recognition.
10
Q
The size of the receptive field of retinal ganglion cells is bigger:
A
on the periphery than on the center of the retina.
11
Q
What is transduction?
A
The transformation of physical stimulus into neural signals.
12
Q
Which of the following structures are NOT a part of the eye?
A
Optic chiasm.
13
Q
Which of the following is FALSE about the fovea?
A
Characterized by high convergence.
14
Q
Psychopysics is the scientific field that:
A
Relates a sensory stimulus to a perceptual event.
15
Q
A specific position on the retina where the presence of the light can influence the response of a ganglion cell is the?
A
Receptive field.
16
Q
Information from the left visual field goes to brain areas on the
A
right side.
17
Q
The visual cortex is in the?
A
Occipital Lobe.
18
Q
Which of the following is NOT a gestalt principle of perceptual organization?
A
Contrast.
19
Q
Simple cells in the visual cortex respond selectively to?
A
Borders having a specific orientation and specific positioning.
20
Q
What is the function of the pinna?
A
Localization.
21
Q
Where can we find mechanoreceptors?
A
skin or hair in cochlea.
22
Q
What is true for Braille?
A
60-120 words per minute.
23
Q
The somatosensory cortex is the….. of the brain?
A
Parietal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
24
Q
In which of the following sense is constantly replaced by new ones?
A
Both smell and taste.
25
Which sense do animals use for mating?
Smell
26
Two musical instruments have the same frequency, what makes us hear them differently?
The pitch
27
A person that has an amputated leg and then suddenly feels that the leg is there, is feeling...
A phantom limb.
28
According to multidimensional scaling, how many dimension is it?
2
29
Where can we find mechanoreceptors?
Skin or hair in the cochlea
30
What threshold is DB spl?
0
31
What is used in haptic perception
kinesthesis and touch
32
Something about inner hair cells , where they are placed and their function?
Located in the stereocilia (ear), function is to convert sound (vibrations) into action potentials
33
What is it called when you take aspirin, and it has a good effect, and you want to take it again?
Incentive
34
What is untrue about the somatosensory cortex?
In occipital lobe.
35
In facial metrics, what is an attractive feature in woman? Neonatal features, expressive features, all
all
36
Köhler experiment with monkeys showed?
Insight
37
What is true for implicit memory and not explicit memory?
You see it in behaviour
38
What kind of memory is it when you remember something that will happen in the future?
Prospective memory
39
How was motivation explained in the 1700's
As a drive
40
What is a form of creativity?
divergent thinking
41
Subjective experience of joy something
amygdala
42
Brain structure a part of top-down attentional control,options
a) superior frontal
b) inferior parietal
c) superior temporal cortex
All are activated.
43
Describing word of language and words
syntax/semantics/linguistics
44
Which part of the brain is responsible for the executive functions?
frontal lobe - prefrontal cortex
45
Saying "no, I don't think so" is associated with which brain part?
amygdala
46
Motivational theories say that
drive leads to
| needs drive our behavior to seek homeostasis
47
WCST stands for
Wisconsin Card Sorting Test
48
Something about Campbell and Robson's multichannel model
contrast sensitivity
49
Where can we mechanoreceptors?
in the hand (?)
50
In which of the following sense is constantly replaced by new ones?
Both of them
51
Two musical instruments have the same frequency what makes us hear them different?
Timbre
52
Rods of the retina
are mostly located at the peripheral regions of the retina
53
As a rule… animals have …. placed eyes which
Binocular overlap
54
Predator
Frontally: maximize
55
The constructive nature of perception refers to the fact
fact that
| perception is based on knowledge and experience
56
Which of the following brain areas is NOT part of the visual system?
STG
57
Which of the following is a classical psychophysical method used by Fechner?
method of constant stimuli
58
Mullers doctrine of specific nerve energies states that
the nature of a sensation depends on which sensory fibers were stimulated
59
The theory of object recognition that argues for multiple stored views of an object is called
view-based recognition
60
The size of the receptive field of retinal ganglion cells is
bigger on the periphery than on the center of retina
61
What is transduction?
the transformation of physical stimulus into neural signal
62
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the eye?
Optic chiasm
63
Which of the following is FALSE about the fovea?
characterized by high convergence
64
Psychophysics is the scientific discipline that
relates a sensory stimulus to a perceptual event
65
A specific position on the retina, where the presence of light can influence the response of a ganglion cell is the
receptive field
66
Information from the left visual field goes to ….. brain areas
Right side of the brain
67
Visual cortex is in the
Occipital lobe
68
Simple cells in the visual cortex respond selectively to
borders having a specific orientation and specific positioning
69
What does d’ (d prime) express in the signal detection theory
sensory capacities of the subject
70
What is it when you loose spatial attention?
hemispatial neglect, or attentional neglect
71
What do they say that drive is at 1700?
Bodily fluids
72
Which part of the brain is responsible for the executive functions?
prefrontal regions of the frontal lobes
73
Something about what comes first in emotional flight reaction
Amygdala
74
What is theory of mind?
the ability to attribute mental states—beliefs, intents, desires, emotions, knowledge, etc.—to oneself, and to others, and to understand that others have beliefs, desires, intentions, and perspectives that are different from one's own.
75
What part of the brain becomes activated when you say "Yes, I want that"
Activating system
76
Rods in vision are responsible for?
Peripheral vision
77
Which systems are not in LTM
Working Memory
78
Something about Chomsky
Generative....?
79
Something about vision
Occipital lobe
80
Chomsky is associated with?
Generative linguistics
81
The fact that one type of emotion (fear I think) leads to increased heart rate, but not another is
it supports Cannon-Bard`s criticism towards James-Langes theory
82
What is the stage called in creative process when you come up with the solution
(incubation, illumination, orientation)
83
Cellular thirst is…and thirst in blood is
Osmotic thirst
84
Alternatives for what its called when you neglect half the space was
Hemineglect/hemispatial neglect
85
Which of the following is NOT a Gestalt principle of perceptual organization?
contract
86
Which part of the brain is responsible for executive functions?
Frontal lobe, prefrontal cortex
87
3. Saying “No, I don’t think so” is associated with which brain part
Frontal lobe, BIS (inhibition).
88
Motivational theories say that drive leads to
Energy and direction
89
Something about Campbell and Robson`s multichannel model
Defining a problem is 95% of the solving.
90
Intracellular thirst is thirst within the cell (long-term?), what is the short term thirst, when its thirst in your blood?
extracellular thirst
91
Osmosis is caused by intracellular thirst, what is this?
the tendency of water to move from zones where it is plentiful to zones where its relatively rare.
92
11. What part of the brain becomes activated when you say “Yes, I want that”
BAS , reward system --> dopamine (dopamine is not a brain area though)
93
Cannon-Bard`s criticism against James-Lange: - You can have physiological arousal without feeling emotion (workout). What did Cannon (står conrad) mean?
that emotion+physiological arousal is processes that happen simultaneously.
94
What is theory of mind?
– Mentalizing, understanding intentions, 4-6 y/o
95
What are rods responsible for?
Black and white vision.
96
What is the stage called in creative process when you come up with the solution
(incubation, illumination, orientation).
97
What is not true about somatosensory cortex?
In the occipital lobe
98
The stroop-effect
a) Is a demonstration of early selection
b) is a demonstration of late selection
c) Argues against response selection
d) Argues against interference-theories
b) is a demonstration of late selection.
99
2. Binocular parallax in spatial vision
a) Is a consequence of object/shape perception
b) Interacts with monocular effects
c) Is invented by Béla Julesz
d) is factor independent of object/shape perception
d)
100
2. Binocular parallax in spatial vision
a) Is a consequence of object/shape perception
b) Interacts with monocular effects
c) Is invented by Béla Julesz
d) is factor independent of object/shape perception
d)is factor independent of object/shape perception.
101
3. The monocular factors of spatial vision
a) Motion parallax
b) Convergence
c) Temporal integration
d) Saccadic eye-movement
a) motion parallax
102
4. The size constancy is
a) Independent of viewing conditions
b) comprising without the spatial context
c) Effective only under photopic vision
d) Effective only under scotopic vision
b) comprising without the spatial context.
103
5. Apparent movements
a) Are independent of object-distance
b) depend on temporal relations
c) Are not influenced by luminance
d) Have all or nothing character
b) depend on temporal relations
104
6. If you are trying to memorize a passage, but the text is blurred, you will first experience difficulty in which memory process?
a) Retrieval
b) Chunking
c) encoding
d) Storage
e) Articulatory suppression
c) encoding
105
Atkinson and Shiffrin proposed the so-called ________ model for memory in 1968, which assumed multiple memory structures.
a) Modular
b) modal
c) Factorial
d) Bidirectional
e) Computational
b) modal
106
8. The primacy advantage refers to the recall benefit seen for:
a) The loudest sounds presented in a study list
b) Items that are primed by a related cue
c) Odd digits presented in a sequence
d) visual stimuli occuring early in a study list.
e) any item presented in the dominant field of vision.
d) visual stimuli occuring early in a study list.
107
The process of rehearsal is thought to:
a) explain the recency effect.
b) Distract participants from retrival
c) Facilitate the transfer from the temporary perceptual store
d) Provide the mental workspace for symbolic manipulation
e) maintain items in the short term store
a) explain the recency effect.
108
The process tulving calls “mental time travel” is required to which of the following types of memory
a) fantasy
b) semantic
c) episodic
d) implicit
e) motor
c) episodic
109
The stage of creative thought during which problem solving proceeds at a subconscious level is the _______ stage.
a) incubation
b) orientation
c) preparation
d) illumination
a) incubation
110
According to Chomsky we are able to express ideas in a variety of ways by applying _________ rules
a) functional
b) generative
c) disjunctive
d) transformation
a) generative
111
Which of the following brain areas is important for top-down attentional control
a) hypothalamus
b) cingulate cortex
c) RAS
d) frontal cortex
d) frontal cortex
112
ERP research has demonstrated a component that occurs when an erroneous response has been made. Thus peak is called.
a) late positively
b) mismatch negativity
c) error-related negativity
d) P300
c) error-related negativity
113
........ Is the study of the meaning of words and language
a) Linguistics
b) Encoding
c) Semantics
d) syntax
c) semantics
114
In general, motivation researchers rely heavily on _______ measured but only lightly on _______ measures
a) behavioural and physiologica, self report.
b) behavioural, self report and physiological
c) self report and behavioural, physiological
d) self report, behavioural and physiological
a) behavioural and physiological, self-report
115
The fundamental assumptions(s) of drive theory is (are)
a) A drive emerges from the disturbance of physiological needs
b) Drive has a general energizing effect on behaviour
c) Drive reduction is reinforcing and produces learning
d) all of the above
e) none of the above
d) all of the above
116
Which of the following statements is true?
a) All needs direct behaviour but only some needs energise behaviour
b) all needs energise behaviour but needs differ from one another in how they direct behaviour toward different goals.
c) people experience acquired needs more intensely.
d) people experience organismic needs more intensely than they experience acquired needs.
b) all needs energise behaviour but needs differ from one another in how they direct behaviour toward different goals.
117
Under the influence of positive affect, people are significantly more likely to
a) Donate money to charity
b) Help a stranger in distress
c) Initiate conversations with other people
d) solve problems in a creative way
e) all of the listed options.
e) all of the listed options
118
The appaisal" is this situation relevant to my well-being?" constitutes an appraisal
a) outcome-driven
b) primary
c) reflected
d) secondary
e) teritary
c) reflected
