Multisystem Autoimmune Disease

Question 1

true or false

system lupus erythematous affects women more than men

Answer 1

true

Question 2

how does SLE affect the nervous system?

Answer 2

> cranial nerve lesions
> peripheral neuropathy
> ataxia
> fits
> hemiplegia

Question 3

describe the rash often presenting on the face in SLE

Answer 3

a butterfly rash across the nose and cheeks (photosensitive)

Question 4

what skin changes may be seen in SLE?

Answer 4

> vasculitis
purpura
urticaria

Question 5

how may SLE affect the chest?

Answer 5

> fibrosis
effusions
pleurisy

Question 6

how may SLE affect the joints?

Answer 6

> arthritis of the small joints

> aseptic necrosis of the hip

Question 7

how may SLE affect the blood?

Answer 7

> anaemia
leukopenia
thrombocytopenia

Question 8

true or false

SLE can cause Raynaud’s

Answer 8

true

Question 9

what affect does SLE have on the heart?

Answer 9

> pericarditis
endocarditis
aortic valve lesions

Question 10

true or false

SLE causes increase in hair growth

Answer 10

false it can cause alopecia

Question 11

true or false

scleroderma affects men more than women

Answer 11

false

Question 12

in limited scleroderma to what is the disease limited to?

Answer 12

the hands and forearms

Question 13

how does scleroderma present?

Answer 13

> raynauds
> oesophageal thickening
> abnormal peristalsis
> sclerodactyly
> telangiectasia
> morphea
> calcinosis (calcium deposits, very sore)

Question 14

describe diffuse scleroderma

Answer 14

this is the same as limited except across the whole body

Question 15

what is a complication of limited scleroderma?

Answer 15

pulmonary hypertension

Question 16

what are some complications of diffuse scleroderma>

Answer 16

> small bowel bacterial overgrowth
renal crisis
pulmonary fibrosis

Question 17

what changes occur to the parotid gland in sjogrens syndrome?

Answer 17

there is emlargement

Question 18

what systemic systems may occur in sjogrens syndrome?

Answer 18

> fatigue
fever
myalgia
arthralgia

Question 19

what GI symptoms occur in sjogrens syndrome?

Answer 19

> dysphagia

> abnormal oesophageal motility

Question 20

what resp. conditions occur in sjogrens syndrome?

Answer 20

interstitial lung disease

Question 21

how does sjogrens syndrome affect the peripheral nervous system?

Answer 21

> sensory neuropathy

> mononeuritis multiplex

Question 22

how does sjogrens syndrome affect he central nervous system?

Answer 22

> fits
ataxia
hemiplegia
cranial nerve lesion

Question 23

how does sjogrens syndrome affect the skin?

Answer 23

> palpable purpura

> raynauds syndrome

Question 24

what are the joint manifestations of sjogrens syndrome?

Answer 24

arthralgia

Question 25

how does sjogrens syndrome affect the kidneys?

Answer 25

it causes tubular necrosis

Question 26

what complications can occur in sjogrens syndrome?

Answer 26

> lymphoma > neuropathy > interstitial lung disease > renal tubular acidosis

Question 27

how does autoimmune myositis present?

Answer 27

muscle weakness > diffuse > proximal > symmetrical dermamyositis > gottrons papules polymyositis

Question 28

what are the complications of autoimmune myositis?

Answer 28

> interstitial lung disease | > cancer

Question 29

what is the classification criteria for giant cell arteritis?

Answer 29

``` 3 or more of: > ESR 50 or more > abnormal temporal biopsy > tender temporal artery > reduced pulsation of the temporal artery > more than 50 years of age ```

Question 30

name some ANCA associated vasculitis

Answer 30

> granulomatosis with polyangiitis > microscopic polyangiitis > eosinophilic granulomatosis

Question 31

what is granulomatosis with polyangiitis?

Answer 31

necrotising granulomatous inflammation usually involving the upper resp. tract

Question 32

how does granulomatosis polyangiitis commonly present?

Answer 32

necrotising glomerulonephritis

Question 33

what is microscopic polyangiitis?

Answer 33

necrotising fasciitis with few or no immune deposits. necrotising arteries may be present and granulomatous inflammation is absent

Question 34

what is eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis?

Answer 34

eosinophilic rich and necrotising granulomatous inflammation often involving the resp. tract

Question 35

what is the 5 year damage of ANCA associated vasculitis?

Answer 35

``` > end stage renal disease > hearing loss > lung damage > malignancy > nerve damage ```

Question 36

how might you treat mild multisystem autoimmune disease?

Answer 36

hydrocychlorquine

Question 37

how may you treat moderate multisystem autoimmune disease?

Answer 37

> methotrexate > azathioprine > mycophenolate

Question 38

what might you treat severe multisystem autoimmune disease?

Answer 38

> cyclophosphamide | > rituximab