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Antibiotics Review > Multisystems Midterm > Flashcards

Multisystems Midterm Flashcards

(50 cards)

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1
Q

Antibiotic combination to avoid:

A

Aminoglycosides use porin channels and so do Tetracyclines (compete at the same site on bacterial enzyme)

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2
Q

These 2 work together to inhibit multiple steps of the same pathway:

A

Sulfonamindes and trimethoprim

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3
Q

These 2 work together when one antibiotic enhances binding of the 2nd antibiotic

A

Streptogramins A and B

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4
Q

These 2 work together when one antibiotic enhances the uptake of the second antibiotic into the pathogen

A

Beta lactams and aminoglycosides

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5
Q

These 2 work together by inhibiting enzymes that degrade the antibiotic

A

Beta lactamase inhibitors and beta lactams

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6
Q

Bacteriostatic antibiotics:

A

oxazolidones, tetracyclines, glycylcyclines, macrolides, lincosamides, sulfonamides, benzylpyrimidines

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7
Q

Bactericidal antibiotics:

A

Beta lactams, aminoglycosides, type B streptogramins, nitrofurantoin, fluoroquinolone, nitroimidazole, rifamycins

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8
Q

Microbe dependent antibiotics:

A

glycopeptides (vancomycin), lipopeptides (daptomycin), chloramphenicol

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9
Q

Coverage of extended range penicillins

A

broad spectrum GN

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10
Q

Coverage of 1st Gen cephalosporins

A

GP

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11
Q

Coverage of 4th gen cephalosporins

A

BS

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12
Q

Coverage of vancomycin

A

GP

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13
Q

Coverage of aminoglycosides

A

BS GN

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14
Q

Coverage of linezolid

A

GP

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15
Q

Coverage of chloramphenicol

A

BS

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16
Q

Coverage of daptomycin

A

GP

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17
Q

Coverage of tetracycline

A

BS

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18
Q

Coverage of glycycycline

A

BS

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19
Q

Coverage of clindamycin

A

GP

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20
Q

Coverage of Streptogramins

A

GP

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21
Q

Coverage of sulfonamides

22
Q

Coverage of fluoroquinolones

23
Q

Special coverage of nitroimidazoles

24
Q

Special coverage of tetracylcines

Study These Flashcards
A

Rickettsia and spirochetes

25
S/E: curare-like neuromuscular blockade
aminoglycosides
26
S/E: red-man syndrome, nephrotoxicity/ototoxicity
vancomycin
27
S/E: gray baby syndrome
chloramphenicol
28
S/E: stevens johnson hypersensitivity and HIV/AIDs hypersensitivity
sulfonamides
29
S/E: red-orange discoloration of tears, sweat, urine, feces
Rifamycins
30
Mechanism: DNA gyrase
fluoroquinolones
31
Mechanism: DNA replication/DNA breaks
nitroimidazoles
32
Mechanism: membrane depolarlization
daptomycin
33
Mechanism: cell wall synthesis
beta lactams
34
Mechanism: folic acid synthesis
sulfonamides
35
Mechanism: RNA synthesis
rifamycins
36
3 possible mechanisms of resistance
1. decreased accumulation of drug 2. enzymatic inactivation of drug 3. alteration of target
37
2 pathways that lead to decreased accumulation of drug:
A. decreased bacterial permeability/influx (aminoglycosides, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, trimethoprim, fluoroquinolones, tetracyclines) B. Active transport efflux (tetracyclines, sulfonamides, macrolides, streptogramin A, glycylcyclines)
38
Enzymatic inactivation of drug: penicillins
beta-lactamases
39
Enzymatic inactivation of drug: aminoglycosides
group transferases (phosphorylation, adenylation, acetylation)
40
Enzymatic inactivation of drug: chloramphenicol
chloramphenicol acetyltransferase
41
Enzymatic inactivation of drug: macrolides
esterases (hydrolysis)
42
Enzymatic inactivation of drug: streptogramins
streptogramin A: acetyltransferases | streptogramin B: lactonases
43
mechanism of resistance: Alteration of Target in sulfonamides (dihydropteroate synthase)
Inc. production of PABA, decrease sensitivity of enzyme to sulfonamides
44
mechanism of resistance: Alteration of Target in Trimethoprim (dihydrofolate reductase)
Decreased sensitivity of enzyme to trimethoprim and Increased production of enzyme
45
Primary mechanism of resistance in: beta lactams
beta-lactamases
46
Primary mechanism of resistance in: macrolides, lincosamides, streptogramin A & B
MLSB determinants
47
Primary mechanism of resistance in: aminoglycosides
various inactivating enzymes
48
Primary mechanism of resistance in: sulfonamides
increased production of PABA
49
Which antibiotics are known for penetrating the: prostate?
fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides
50
Which antibiotics are known for penetrating the: CNS?
3rd gen. cephalosporins, tetracyclines, glycylcyclines, oxazolidinones, chloramphenicol, sulfonamides, benzylpyrimidines, fluoroquinolones, nitroimidazole, rifamycins

Antibiotics Review (1 decks)

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