Mumps

Question 1

Mumps is caused by the mumps virus, which is a member of the paramyxoviridae family. How do patients typically contract Mumps?

1 - kissing infected person
2 - skin to skin contact
3 - touching infected surface (few hours)
4 - inhaling air droplets

Answer 1

4 - inhaling air droplets

Most common, but all others can also cause infection as well

Question 2

Which 2 proteins are present on the cell surface of the mumps virus that facilitates binding and infecting host cells?

1 - p-peptides
2 - hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN protein)
3 - fusion (F protein)
4 - CD4

Answer 2

2 - hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN protein)
- helps bind to cells

3 - fusion (F protein)
- fuses membranes of virus and host cells

Question 3

Mumps infected cells present their hemagglutinin-neuraminidase (HN protein) and fusion (F protein) on the cell surface of infected cells which leads to the formation of what?

1 - granulomas
2 - fibroblasts
3 - foamy macrophages
4 - multi-nucleated giant cell (syncytium)

Answer 3

4 - multi-nucleated giant cell (syncytium)

Question 4

Typically, which part of the respiratory tract does the mumps virus infect 1st?

1 - nasopharynx
2 - oropharynx
3 - palatine tonsils
4 - epiglottis

Answer 4

1 - nasopharynx

Question 5

Although mumps virus can affect multiple tissues, which tissues does it typically have the highest affinity for?

1 - palatine tonsils
2 - parotid glands
3 - eustachian tube
4 - sublingual glands

Answer 5

2 - parotid glands

Leads to swelling of the glands and can cause associated earache.

Can also cause trismus, spasm of muscles involved in chewing

Question 6

In addition to an affinity for the parotid glands, the mumps virus has a lesser affinity for the CNS. Which 2 of the following are most likely to be caused by mumps if the CNS becomes infected?

1 - meningitis
2 - motor neuron disease
3 - multiple sclerosis
4 - encephalitis

Answer 6

1 - meningitis
4 - encephalitis

Symptoms can present like the common cold, headache, stiffness, hearing loss and balance problems.

Question 7

Once infected with the mumps virus, which 2 of the following can occur in young boys and men?

1 - testicular torsion
2 - orchitis
3 - epididymitis
4 - ruptured appendix

Answer 7

2 - orchitis
- testicle inflammation

3 - epididymitis
- inflammation of the epididymis

Can cause testicular atrophy, but typically not infertility

Question 8

Once infected with the mumps virus, what is the average incubation time?

1 - 7-10 days
2 - 10-14 days
3 - 14-21 days
4 - 21-35 days

Answer 8

3 - 14-21 days

Question 9

Once infected with the mumps virus, which of the following determine when an individual is infective?

1 - immediately upon being infected
2 - 7 days from infection
3 - 4 days following rash onset
4 - 7 days prior to and 9 days following start of parotid swelling

Answer 9

4 - 7 days prior to and 9 days following start of parotid swelling

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a typical clinical presentation of mumps infection?

1 - fever and malaise
2 - conjunctivitis
3 - muscular pain
4 - parotitis (‘earache’, ‘pain on eating’): unilateral initially then becomes bilateral in 70%

Answer 10

2 - conjunctivitis

Question 11

What is the best preventative treatment for mumps virus?

1 - vaccination
2 - good hand hygiene
3 - isolation
4 - all of the above

Answer 11

1 - vaccination

Question 12

Mumps levels have significantly reduced thanks to the Measles, Mumps and Rubella (MMR) vaccine. Which 2 time points is the MMR vaccine given?

1 - 8-9 weeks
2 - 12-13 weeks
3 - 12-13 months
4 - 3 years and 4 months

Answer 12

3 - 12-13 months
4 - 3 years and 4 months

Given at 12-13 months and then a booster at 3 years and 4 months

Question 13

When infected with the mumps virus, which 2 of the following are the standard management options?

1 - anti-virals
2 - paracetamol for fever
3 - IV antibiotics
4 - rest

Answer 13

2 - paracetamol for fever
4 - rest