MUMS Flashcards by Jessica Nevill

What are the two medications given to treat seasonal influenza? (not used in general healthy population)

Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)
Zanamivir (over 7)

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What consideration is important regarding Tamiflu

needs to be adjusted in renal impairment

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What consideration is important with Zanamivir?

Not to be given to people with asthma or COPD

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What are the most common causes of Pharyngitis?

Viral (80-90%) and Group A strep

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What are the criteria looked at for McIsaac score

temp >38, absence of cough, swollen/tender lymph nodes, tonsillar swelling/exudate, 3-14, 15-45 (0), >45(-1)

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what is first line abx for pharyngitis (adults & children)

pen V or amoxicillin

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what are second line abx for pharyngitis

cephalosporins & macrolides (no erythro in peds)

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what are signs of epiglottitis

stridor, drooling, hot potato voice, airway obstruction

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What are first line treatments for otitis externa (no TM rupture)

polysporin, ciprodex, sofracort

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which drugs are ototoxic and shouldn’t be used if TM is ruptured

sofracort and polysporin

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What is first line for necrotizing OE

ciprofloxacin

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what abx treat P. aeruginosa

Ciprofloxacin, Cifipime, Aminoglycosides

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what abx can cause C. diff

cephasolsporins, clindamycin, florouquinolones

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what abx treat c. diff

vanco po, metronidazole

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what abx should you not give in pregnancy

floroquinolones, tetracyclines, Macrobid (>37 wks hemolytic anemia), Septra (T1-folic acid, T3 Kernicterus)

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what is first line treatment for otomycosis

clotrimazole, tolnaftate cream, locacorten vioform drops

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what is first line treatment for otitis media

amox

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what is second line for OM

amox/clav

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what is safe for OE or OM with TM perforation/ventilation tubes

Ciprodex (ciprofloxacin/dexamethasone)

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what is the difference between viral and bacterial conjunctivitis

viral = clear watery discharge, bacterial is mucopurulent

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what is first line abx for sinusitis (adults & children)

amoxicillin

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what is second line abx for sinusitis (adults & peds)

amox/clav, cefprozil

adults only: macrolides (clarithro/azithro) & TMP/SMX (septra), doxy

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what gives a point for the UTI score?

dysuria (pain), leukocytes (more than trace), nitrites (trace or more)

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what is a recurrent UTI

2 UTIs in 6 months or 3 in 12 months

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what is a UTI reinfection

new organism causes infection within 2 weeks of completing treatment

what is a UTI relapse

same organism reinfects within 2 week of completing antimicrobial therapy

what is first line treatment for acute female UTI

Septra, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin (Macrobid), fosfomycin (ta ta for now)

what is second line for acute female UTI

Amoxicillin, norfloxacin, ciprofloxain

what is first line for recurrent cystitis

Septra (TMP/SMX), Trimethoprim, Nitrofurantion (Macrobid)

What is second line for recurrent cystitis

Norfloxacin, Fosfomycin, Cephalexin (pregnancy)

What is first line for asymptomati bacteriuria

Amoxicillin, TMP/SMX, Trimethoprim, Fosfomycin, Nitrofurantoin

What is second line for asymptomatic bacteriuria

Cephalexin, Amox/Clav, Norfloxacin, Levofloxacin

What is first line for UTI in pregnancy (hint: what position is your baby in)

Cephalexin, Amoxicillin, Nirtofurantoin (Macrobid), Fosfomycin (Answer: Ahh, for now cephalic)

what is second line for UTI in pregnancy

TMP/SMX, trimethoprim

What is first line in UTI in children

Septra

What is second line for UTI in children

Amox, Cephalexin, Trimethoprim (ACT)

what organisms does Macrobid not cover

Klebsiella, Pseudomonas, & Proteus

what is first line for symptomatic long term care UTI

septra, trimthorpim, nitrofurantoin, amox

what is first line for complicated UTI

(TTFN/fluoroquinolones) septra, trimethoprim, nitrofurantoin, norfloxacin, cipro (esp for P. aeruginosa), levofloxacin

what is first line treatment for PID

3rd line cephalosporin (cefixime, ceftriaxone) + doxy +/- metronidazole (anaerobes)

what is second line abx for PID

fluoroquinolones (levo/moxi) +/- metronidazole

What is first line for vaginitiis/VB

metronidazole

What is treatment for vulvovaginal candidiasis

no treatment for asymptomatic symptomatic: clotrimazole (canestin) , miconazole (Monostat), fluconazole, terconazole *for pregnancy all intravaginal, no oral

what two drugs can you always choose between gonorrhoeae as first line

cefixime OR ceftriaxone

what two classes of drugs are contraindicated in pregnancy & peds

fluoroquinolones (cipro) & tetracyclines (doxy)

what is first line for gonococcal urethritis

cefixime OR ceftriaxone + azithro (adults can use doxy instead of azithro)

what is a good med for chlamydia (+dose)

azithromycin 1g

what abx is useful against M. genitalium

Moxifloxacin

what drugs are used to treat HSV (non pregnant)

acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir

what is used for HSV in pregnancy

acycloir (2nd line valacyclovir)

what can treat HSV in peds

acyclovir

what is quadruple therapy for H. pylori

PPI+metronidazole + either: (amox/clarythro) OR (bismuth/tetracycline)

what is triple therapy for H. pylori

PPI + clarythro + Either amox OR metronidazole

what treats C. diff

vanco PO, metronidazole

what treats Traveller's Diarrhea

loperamide & pepto bismol if mild fluoroquinolones, azithro, or rifaximin

would you use pepto bismal in people with severe cases of traveller's diarrhea?

NO can prolong infection

what is first line for c. diff

metronidazole --> if doesn't work or is severe use oral vanco

what is first line treatment for mild/mod adult pneumonia (comm acquired)

amoxicillin

what is second line treatment for mild/mod adult pneumonia (comm acquired)

doxycycline, azithromycin, clarithromycin

what is first line treatment for mild/mod adult pneumonia (comm acquired) WITH comorbiditied or in long-term care

amoxicillin, amox/clav, cefuroxime, OR cefprozil PLUS doxy, azithro, clarithro

what is second line treatment for mild/mod adult pneumonia (comm acquired) WITH comorbiditied

fluoroquinolones (levo, moxi)

what is first line treatment for children 3months - 5 years with pneumonia

amoxicillin, amox/clav

what is second line treatment for children 2months to 5 years old with pneumonia (penicillin allergy)

macrolide (not erythro) --> clarithomycin, azithromycin

what treatment would you give to diabetic foot cellulitis with suspected anaerobes?

1st line: septra + metronidazole 2nd line: septra + clindamycin or use amox/clav alone

What abx would you give to diabetic foot cellulitis with suspected MRSA

septra (or doxy)

what is the first line treatment for impetigo in adults

Mupirocin, Fusidic acid, Ozenoxacin cream, Cephalexin, cloxacillin

what is second line treatment for impetigo in adults

Clindamycin, Doxycycline, Erythromycin

what is first line treatment for impetigo in children

Mupirocin, Fusidic acid, Ozenoxacin cream, Cephalexin

what is second line treatment for impetigo in children

Cloxacillin, Clindamycin, Doxycycline (>8years old)

what is first line treatment for folliculitis/furnuncles

no treatment, usually self-limiting

what is second line treatment for folliculitis/furnucles

Mupirocin or Fusidic acid cream

what is first line treatment for carbuncles

cephalexin

what is second line treatment for carbuncles

cloxacillin, clindamycin

what is third line treatment for carbuncles (use if worried about MRSA and can't have clinda)

septra & doxy

what is first line treatment for cellulitis (mild)

cephalexin

what is second line treatment for cellulitis

cloxacillin

what is third line treatment for cellulitis

doxy, septra

what would you use to treat cellulitis with a confirmed Group A step culture?

Pen V or Amox

What abx would you use to treat cellulitis with confirmed s. aureus cuture

cloxacillin

what abx would you use if the patient has cellulutis and has been hospitalized in the past year

septra or doxy

what if first line treatment for animal bite?

amox/clav

what is second line treatment for animal bite

doxy

what is first line treatment for lyme disease

doxy

what is second line treatment for lyme disease

amoxicillin, cefuroxime

what symptoms are needed for a diagnosis of bacterial sinusitis in an adult

ONE OF (nasal obstruction or nasal purulence) plus at least one of (facial pain/pressure/fullness, hyposmia/anosmia (decreased/absent sense of smell) generally symptoms may worsen after 5-7 days or not improve after 7 days

what is first line treatment for acute bacterial conjunctivitis

polysporin, erythromycin, fusidic acid, trimethoprim, tobramycin

what is second line abx for acute bacterial conjuctivitis

fluoroquinolones

what are the three types of anterior blepharitis

seborrheic, bacterial & mixed

what is a type of posterior blepharitis

meibomian gland dysfunction

what is first line treatment for seborrheic blepharitis

lid hygiene w/ scalp shampoo

what abx can be used to treat bacterial blepharitis

erythromycin and tobramycin

MUMS Flashcards

(91 cards)