Murtagh's triads Flashcards by Laura Edwards

dry eyes + dry mouth + arthritis =

Sjogren syndrome

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Arthralgia + weight loss + fever (+/- skin lesions) =

polyarteritis nodosa

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malaise + painful shoulder girdle + morning stiffness (>50 years) =

polymyalgia rheumatica

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fatigue + headache + jaw claudication =

temporal arteritis

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Malaise + URIs (e.g. rhinitis, sinusitis) + LRTs (e.g. wheeze, cough) =

Wegener granulomatosis

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Asthma + rhinitis + vasculitis + hypereosinophilia =

Churg-Strauss vasculitis

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Fatigue + psychiatric symptoms + myoclonus

CJD

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Tiredness + husky voice + cold intolerance

Hypothyroidism (myxoedema)

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Anxiety + weight loss + weakness

Thyrotoxicosis

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Nasal problems + fitting problems (eg rings, shoes) + sweating

Acromegaly

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Weakness + polyuria + polydipsia

Diabetes insipidus

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Female: amenorrhoea + loss of axillary and pubic hair + breast atrophy
Male: reduced libido + impotence + loss of body hair

Hypopituitarism

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Fatigue + anorexia, nausea, vomiting + abdominal pain (+/- skin discolouration)

Addison disease

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Plethoric moon face + thin extremities + muscle weakness

Cushing syndrome

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Weakness + constipation + polyuria

Hypercalcaemia

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Cramps + confusion + tetany

Hypocalcaemia

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Discoloured urine + peri-orbital oedema + oliguria

post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis

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Proteinuria + generalised oedema + waxy pallor

Nephrotic syndrome

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Dysuria + fever + perineal pain

Acute prostatitis

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Poor urine flow + straining to void + frequency

Bladder outlet obstruction

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Unilateral sensorineural deafness + tinnitus + unsteady gait (+/- facial palsy)

Acoustic neuroma

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Acute vertigo + nausea + vomiting

Vestibular neuronitis

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Acute vertigo + nausea + vomiting + hearing loss +/- tinnitus

acute labyrinthitis

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Vertigo + vomiting + tinnitus + sensorineural deafness

Meniere syndrome

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Malaise + cough + weight loss

lung cancer

Haematuria + loin pain + palpable kidney mass

kidney cell cancer

haematuria + abdominal mass + malaise

Wilms tumour

Abdominal discomfort + anorexia + abdominal bloating/distension

ovarian cancer

Blood in stools + abdominal discomfort + change in bowel habit

Colon cancer

Jaundice + anorexia + abdominal discomfort/pain

pancreatic cancer

Malaise + pallor + bone pain

ALL

Malaise + pallor + oral problems

AML

Fatigue + fever/night sweats + abdominal fullness (splenomegaly)

CML

Fatigue + weight loss + fever/night sweats + lymphadenopathy

CLL

Malaise + fever/night sweats + pruritis

Hodgkin lymphoma

Malaise + fever/night sweats + lymphadenopathy

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

Weakness + unexplained back pain + susceptibility to infection

Multiple myeloma

Severe abdominal pain + abnormal illness behaviour + "red" urine

Acute intermittent porphyria

Child: | Arthralgia (lower limbs) + rash (buttocks, legs) +/- abdominal pain

Henoch-Schonlein purpura

Child: | Respiratory symptoms + vomiting + mental changes +/- seizure/coma

Reye syndrome

Child | Pallor + drowsiness + fever

Meningitis

Child | Pallor + abdominal pain (severe, intermittent) + inactivity

intussusception

Child | Malaise + fever + polyarthritis (flitting) +/- rash +/- chorea

Acute rheumatic fever

Child <12 months | drowsiness + cough + wheeze

bronchiolitis

Baby <3 months | Weakness + weight loss + vomiting (projectile)

pyloric stenosis

``` Neonate Vomiting (after first feeds) + drooling + abdominal distension ```

oesophageal or duodenal atresia

Child | Malaise + pallor + bone pain

Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia

Child | Malaise + pallor + oral problems(gingival hypertrophy, bleeding, ulceration)

Acute myeloid leukaemia

Child | Abdominal pain + pallor + anorexia/nausea/vomiting

acute appendicitis

Child | Abdominal pain + malar flush + fever +/- URTI

mesenteric adenitits

Child (during gastro epidemic) | Malaise (extreme) + diarrhoea + severe abdominal pain

Haemolytic uraemic syndrome

Child | Drowsiness + tachypnoea + chest wall recession

pneumonia

Child | Drowsiness + fever + purpuric rash

meningococcal infection

``` Child Lethargy (extreme) + drooling saliva + stridor ```

Acute epiglottitis

Child | URTI + barking cough + stridor

croup

Child | Cough + wheeze + chest wall recession

asthma or inhaled FB

Child Fever + conjunctivitis + skin changes (cracked red lips, maculopapular rash, erythema of palms/soles, desquamation fingertips)

Kawasaki disease

Child | Large ears + long narrow face + large genitals

Fragile X

``` Child Small extremities (hands, feet, genitals) + narrow forehead + eating disorder ```

Prader-Willi syndrome

Child | "Elfin" face + low set ears + cardiac murmur

Williams syndrome

Female | Short + webbed neck + pigmented naevi +/- cardiac disorder

Turner syndrome

Child | Short + webbed neck + facial disproportion (broad forehead, ptosis, low-set ears) +/- cardiac disorder

Noonan syndrome

Child | Malaise + abdominal pain (vague) + abnormal behaviour

lead poisoning

<2 years | Lethargy + irritability + pallor

iron deficiency anaemia or thalassaemia major

Child | Fever + malaise (extreme) + a/n/v +/- anaemia

neuroblastoma

child | headache + a/n/v + ataxia

medulloblastoma

Older children: male | snorting, blinking etc. + oral noises (grunts, hisses) +/- loud expletives

Tourette syndrome

Older children | Irritability + disorders of appetite + abdominal pain (vague)

Substance abuse

Older children | Mid to low back pain/discomfort + inability to touch toes + kyphosis

Scheuermann disorder

``` Older children Knee pain (after activity) + tender knee 'lump' + pain on kneeling ```

Osgood-Schlatter disorder

Adolescent | Limp + knee pain + hip pain

Slipped capital femoral epiphysis

Patch of complete hair loss + clean scalp + exclamation mark hairs

alopecia areata

Stressful event + 2-3 months gap to diffuse hair loss + 'white bulbs'

teflogen effluvium (increased shedding of hairs in the telogen phase)

Fair females <5 + thin wispy hair + easy loss with pulling

loose anagen syndrome (improves with age)

Angina + dyspnoea + blackout or lightheadedness

aortic stenosis

Severe seizures (peak age 3-5) + mental retardation + characteristic EEG

Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (myoclonic epilepsy of infancy)

Retro-orbital headache + rhinorrhoea + lacrimation

cluster headache

Drowsiness + vomiting + seizure

raised intracranial pressure

Occipital headache + vomiting + neck stiffness

SAH

Headache + visual disturbance + nausea (obese female)

idipathic intracranial hypertension

Fever (+/- rigors) + upper abdominal pain + jaundice

acute cholangitis (Charcot triad)

Jaundice + constitutional symptoms (malaise, anorexia, weight loss) + epigastric pain (radiating to back)

pancreatic cancer

Murtagh's triads Flashcards

(82 cards)