Muscle Anatomy

Question 1

Two types of muscle

Answer 1

striated and smooth muscle

Question 2

Two types of striated muscle

Answer 2

skeletal and cardiac muscle

Question 3

The skeletal muscle is in charge of…

Answer 3

• movement
• maintain posture
• nutrition reservoir
• regulate energy balance

Question 4

Myofibril is made up of…

Answer 4

myofilament

Question 5

What membrane surrounds myofibril?

Answer 5

sarcoplasm

Question 6

What surrounds muscle fiber (cell)?

Answer 6

Endomysium

Question 7

What three things the muscle fiber is made up of?

Answer 7

• sarcoplasm
• myofibril
• myofilament

Question 8

What is surrounded with endomysium?

Answer 8

Muscle fiber

Question 9

Discribe muscle fiber

Answer 9

• fundamental organization
• surrounded with endomysium
• surrounded by sarcolemma membrane
• only ONE neuromuscular junction
• contains ~~35 nuclei / mm in length

Question 10

The muscle fiber contains…

Answer 10

• bath myofibrils (80-87%)
• nuclei
• SR - sarcoplasmic reticulum (1.2-3.8%)
• mitochondria (1.1-5.2%)
• lysosomes
• Golgi complex

Question 11

what is sarcolemma?

Answer 11

membrane surrounding muscle fiber

Question 12

Triad is made up of…

Answer 12

• T-Tubules (transverse tubules)

- SR (sarcoplasmic reticulum)

Question 13

Transverse tubules is part of…?

Answer 13

sarcolemma invagination

Question 14

what can be found on the sarcolemma?

Answer 14

• T-Tubules

- Satellite cell

Question 15

List components in the muscle cell

Answer 15

• myofibril
• muscle fiber nuclei
• sarcolemma
• transverse tubules
• satellite cell
• basal lamina
• endomysial reticular fibers
• capillary endothelial cells
• endomysial collagen
• elastin fibers
• fibroblast

Question 16

What makes up one sarcomere?

Answer 16

• Z disk/line
• M line
• Thick filaments
• Thin filaments

Question 17

What is part of the I band in the sarcomere?

Answer 17

Z disk and thin filaments

Question 18

What is part of the A band in the sarcomere?

Answer 18

M line, thin filaments, and thick filaments

Question 19

What is part of the H zone?

Answer 19

M line and Thick filaments

Question 20

Skeletal muscle is made up of (heterogeneous / homogeneous) muscle fiber and has ____ and ____ properties.

Answer 20

Heterogenous

Biochemical and Physiological properties

Question 21

Two types of energy metabolism for Skeletal muscle?

Answer 21

Oxidative and glycolytic

Question 22

Contraction speed slow = ______
Contraction speed fast = ______

(Oxidative or Glycolytic)

Answer 22

slow = oxidative
fast = glycolytic

Question 23

What is the order of myogenesis?

Answer 23

Mesodermal progenitor cell 
Presumptive myoblast
myoblast
myotube
muscle fiber

Question 24

What are satellite cells?

Answer 24

• STEM CELLS (muscle progenitor cell)

Question 25

Where is the satellite cell located on the muscle cell?

Answer 25

Outside the sarcolemma and inside the basal lamina

Question 26

Satellite cells divide during ____ or ____.

Answer 26

Regeneration or hypertrophy

Question 27

What does the satellite cell do during postnatal muscle growth?

Answer 27

Divide and provide nuclei

Question 28

What occurs during postnatal muscle growth?

Answer 28

muscle cell numbers are determined at around birth due to hypertrophy

Question 29

during the postnatal muscle growth, the amount of muscle cell numbers are determined due to _____. NOT __________

Answer 29

HYPERTROPHY HYPERTROPHY HYPERTROPHY not due to hyperplasia

Question 30

What are the muscle difference of the long distance runner and a sprinter?

Answer 30

long distance = slow, type I | sprinter = fast, type II

Question 31

Describe Type 1 muscle fiber

Answer 31

Primarily used for prolonged activity red in color slow oxidative reaction

Question 32

Describe type 2 muscle fiber

Answer 32

primarily used for quick bursts of exercise white in color fast glycolytic reaction