muscle details of lower body Flashcards by Arianna Algeri

Gluteus maximus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Lateroposterior surface of sacrum and coccyx, gluteal surface of ilium, thoracolumbar fascia, Sacrotuberous ligament
Insertion
Iliotibial tract, gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action
Hip joint: Thigh extension, thigh external rotation, thigh abduction (superior part), thigh adduction (inferior part)
Innervation
Inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
Blood supply
Inferior gluteal and superior gluteal arteries

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Gluteus medius
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion
Lateral aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Action
Hip joint: Thigh abduction, thigh internal rotation (anterior part); Pelvis stabilization
Innervation
Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
Blood supply
Deep branch of superior gluteal artery, trochanteric anastomosis

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gluteus minimus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion
Anterior aspect of greater trochanter of femur
Action
Hip joint: Thigh abduction, thigh internal rotation (anterior part); Pelvis stabilization
Innervation
Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
Blood supply
Superior gluteal artery, trochanteric anastomosis

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piriformis
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Anterior surface of the sacrum, Gluteal surface of ilium
Insertion
Greater trochanter of the femur
Action
Hip joint: Thigh external rotation, Thigh abduction; Stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum
Innervation
Nerve to piriformis (S1-S2)
Blood supply
Superior gluteal artery, inferior gluteal artery, gemellar branches of the internal pudendal

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gemellus superior
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Ischial spine
Insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur (tendon of obturator internus)
Action
Hip joint: Thigh external rotation, thigh abduction ; stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum
Innervation
Nerve to obturator internus (L5-S1)
Blood supply
Internal pudendal artery, inferior gluteal artery

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gemellus inferior
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Ischial tuberosity
Insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur (tendon of obturator internus)
Action
Hip joint: Thigh external rotation, thigh abduction, stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum
Innervation
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4/5, S1)
Blood supply
Medial circumflex femoral artery

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obturator internus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Posterior surface of the obturator membrane; bony boundaries of the obturator foramen
Insertion
Medial surface of greater trochanter of femur
Action
External rotation of extended thigh
Abduction of flexed thigh;
Stabilization of hip joint
Innervation
Nerve to obturator internus (L5 and S1)
Blood supply
Obturator artery; internal pudendal artery

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obturator externus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Anterior surface of obturator membrane, bony boundaries of obturator foramen
Insertion
Trochanteric fossa of femur
Action
Hip joint: Thigh external rotation, thigh abduction (from flexed hip); Stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum
innervation
Obturator nerve (L3, L4)
Blood supply
Obturator and medial circumflex femoral arteries.

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quadratus femori
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Ischial tuberosity
Insertion
Intertrochanteric crest of femur
Action
Hip joint: thigh external rotation; stabilizes head of femur in acetabulum
Innervation
Nerve to quadratus femoris (L4-S1)
Blood supply
Inferior gluteal artery

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ileopsoas major
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Vertebral bodies of T12-L4, transverse processes of L1-L5 vertebrae
Insertion
Lesser trochanter of femur as iliopsoas tendon
Action
Hip joint: Flexion of the thigh/trunk, lateral rotation of the thigh
Lateral flexion of the trunk
Innervation
Anterior rami of spinal nerves L1-L3
Blood supply
Lumbar branch of iliolumbar artery

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ileopsoas minor
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Vertebral bodies of T12 & L1 vertebrae
Insertion
Iliopubic eminence, pecten pubis
Blood supply
Lumbar arteries
Innervation
Anterior ramus of spinal nerve L1
Action
Weak trunk flexion

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iliacus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Iliac fossa
Insertion
Lesser trochanter of femur
Action
Hip joint: Thigh/trunk flexion
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L1-L3)
Blood supply
Iliolumbar, deep circumflex iliac, obturator, and femoral arterie

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tensor fasciae latae
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Outer lip of anterior iliac crest, Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion
Lateral condyle of tibia (ileotibial tract)
Action
Hip joint: Thigh internal rotation
Knee joint: Leg external rotation
Stabilizes hip & knee joints
Innervation
Superior gluteal nerve (L4-S1)
Blood supply
Ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral artery

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sartorius
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

Origin
Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion
Proximal end of tibia below medial condyle (via pes anserinus)
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2-L3)
Blood supply
Proximal third: branches of femoral artery, deep femoral artery, artery of quadriceps, lateral circumflex femoral artery
Middle third: branches of femoral artery
Distal third: branches of femoral and descending genicular arteries
Function
Hip joint: thigh flexion, thigh abduction, thigh external rotation
Knee joint: leg flexion, leg internal rotation

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vastus lateralis
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

origin
Intertrochanteric line, greater trochanter, gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera of femur
insertion
Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella, (lateral condyle of tibia)
innervation
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

-action
Hip joint: Thigh flexion (rectus femoris only);
Knee joint: Leg extension

blood supply
ateral circumflex femoral and deep femoral arteries; artery to quadriceps

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vastus medialis
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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origin
Intertrochanteric line, pectineal line of femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line of femur
insertion
Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella, (medial condyle of tibia)
innervation
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

-action
Hip joint: Thigh flexion (rectus femoris only);
Knee joint: Leg extension

blood supply
Femoral, deep femoral, descending genicular artery

rectus femoris
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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origin
Anterior inferior iliac spine, supraacetabular groove
insertion
Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella
innervation
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

-action
Hip joint: Thigh flexion (rectus femoris only);
Knee joint: Leg extension

blood supply
Femoral, lateral femoral circumflex, superficial circumflex iliac arteries

vastus intermedius
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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origin
Anterior surface of femoral shaft

-insertion
Tibial tuberosity (via patellar ligament), patella

innervation
Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

-action
Hip joint: Thigh flexion (rectus femoris only);
Knee joint: Leg extension

blood supply
Artery to quadriceps, deep femoral arteries

pectineus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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Origin
Superior pubic ramus (pectineal line)
Insertion
Pectineal line of femur, linea aspera of femur
Action
Hip joint: Thigh flexion, thigh adduction, thigh external rotation, thigh
internal rotation; pelvis stabilization
Innervation
Femoral nerve (L2, L3)
(Obturator nerve (L2, L3))
Blood supply
Medial femoral circumflex artery, obturator artery

adductor brevis
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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Origin
Anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus
Insertion
Linea aspera of femur (medial lip)
Action
Hip joint: thigh flexion, thigh adduction, thigh external rotation; pelvis stabilization
Innervation
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Blood supply
Arteria profunda femoris

adductor Magnus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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-Origin
Adductor part: Inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
Ischiocondylar part: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion
Adductor part: Gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera (medial lip), medial supracondylar line
Ischiocondylar part: Adductor tubercle of femur
Action
Adductor part:
Hip joint - Thigh flexion, thigh adduction, thigh external rotation
Hamstring part:
Hip joint - Thigh extension, thigh internal rotation
Entire muscle: Pelvis stabilization
Innervation
Adductor part: Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Ischiocondylar part: Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L4)
Blood supply
Deep femoral artery;
Femoral, popliteal and genicular arteries

adductor longs
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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Origin
Body of pubis, inferior to pubic crest and lateral to the pubic symphysis
Insertion
Middle third of linea aspera of femur (medial lip)
Action
Hip joint: Thigh flexion, Thigh adduction, Thigh external rotation; Pelvis stabilization
Innervation
Obturator nerve (L2-L4)
Blood supply
Deep femoral artery, obturator artery

gracilis
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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Origin
Anterior body of pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ischial ramus
Insertion
Medial surface of proximal tibia (via pes anserinus)
Actions
Hip joint: Thigh flexion, thigh adduction;
Knee joint: leg flexion, leg internal rotation
Innervation
Obturator nerve (L2-L3)
Blood supply
Deep femoral artery (via artery to the adductors)

semimembranosus
(origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

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Origin
Superolateral impression of ischial tuberosity
Insertion
Medial condyle of tibia
Action
Hip joint: thigh extension and internal rotation
Knee joint: flexion and internal rotation of the leg
Stabilizes pelvis
Innervation
Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5 – S2)
Blood supply
Perforating branches of femoral and popliteal arteries

semitendinosus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

- Origin Ischial tuberosity - Insertion Proximal end of tibia below medial condyle (via pes anserinus) - Action Hip joint: Thigh extension, thigh internal rotation, stabilizes pelvis. Knee joint: Leg flexion, leg internal rotation. - Innervation Tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2) - Blood supply First perforating branch of deep femoral artery, medial femoral circumflex artery, inferior gluteal artery and inferior medial geniculate artery

bicep femori (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

- Origin Long head: ischial tuberosity, sacrotuberous ligament Short head: linea aspera of femur (lateral lip), lateral supracondylar line of femur - Insertion (Lateral aspect of) head of fibula - Action Hip joint: thigh extension, thigh external rotation; Knee joint: leg flexion, leg external rotation; stabilizes pelvis - Innervation Long head: tibial division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2) Short head: common fibular division of sciatic nerve (L5-S2) - Blood supply Inferior gluteal artery, perforating arteries, popliteal artery

tibialis anterior muscle (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Lateral surface of tibia * Insertion Medial cuneiform bone, base of metatarsal bone 1 * Action Talocrural joint: foot dorsiflexion subtalar joint: foot inversion * Innervation Deep fibular nerve (L4, L5) * Blood supply Branches of anterior tibial artery Branches of posterior tibial artery

extensor hallucis longus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Middle third of medial surface of fibula * Insertion Base of distal phalanx of great toe * Action toe extension; foot dorsiflexion * Innervation Deep fibular nerve * Blood supply Anterior tibial artery

extensor digitorum longus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin medial surface of fibula, lateral tibial condyle, * Insertion Distal and middle phalanges of digits 2-5 * Action Toe extension; Foot dorsiflexion; Foot eversion * Innervation Deep fibular nerve * Blood supply Anterior tibial, fibular, anterior lateral malleolar, lateral tarsal, metatarsal, plantar, and digital arteries

fibularis tertius (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin distal medial surface of fibula * Insertion Dorsal surface of base of metatarsal bone 5 * Action Foot dorsiflexion, Foot eversion * Innervation Deep fibular nerve (L5, S1) * Blood supply Anterior lateral malleolar artery, lateral tarsal artery, metatarsal arteries, lateral plantar artery, digital arteries, arcuate artery, fourth dorsal metatarsal artery

fibularis longus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Head of fibula, lateral surface of fibula * Insertion Medial cuneiform bone, metatarsal bone 1 * Action Foot plantar flexion, Foot eversion; Supports longitudinal and transverse arches of foot * Innervation Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1) * Blood supply Fibular artery

fibularis brevis (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Distal 2/3 of the lateral surface of fibula * Insertion Tuberosity of the 5th metatarsal bone * Action Foot plantar flexion, Foot eversion * Innervation Superficial fibular nerve (L5, S1) * Blood supply Anterior tibial artery

gastrocnemius (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin -Lateral head: lateral condyle of the femur -Medial head: medial femoral condyle * Insertion Posterior surface of the calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon * Innervation Tibial nerve (S1, S2) * Function Foot plantar flexion, Leg flexion

soleus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Soleal line, medial border of tibia, head of fibula, posterior border of fibula * Insertion Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon) * Innervation Tibial nerve (S1, S2) * Vascularization Posterior tibial artery and vein * Function Foot plantar flexion

plantaris (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Lateral supracondylar line of femur, oblique popliteal ligament of knee * Insertion * Posterior surface of calcaneus (via calcaneal tendon) * Action foot plantar flexion knee flexion * Innervation Tibial nerve (S1, S2) * Blood supply lateral sural and popliteal arteries, superior lateral genicular artery

tibialis posterior (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Posterior surface of tibia, posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane * Insertion Tuberosity of navicular bone, all cuneiform bones, cuboid bone, bases of metatarsal bones 2-4 * Actions Foot plantarflexion, Foot inversion, Supports medial longitudinal arch of foot * Innervation Tibial nerve (L4, L5) * Blood supply Branches of the posterior tibial artery

flexor digitorum longus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Posterior surface of tibia * Insertion Bases of distal phalanges of digits 2-5 * Action toe flexion, foot plantar flexion, foot inversion * Innervation Tibial nerve (L5, S1, S2) * Blood supply * Posterior tibial artery

Flexor hallucis longus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin (Distal 2/3 of) Posterior surface of fibula * Insertion Base of distal phalanx of great toe * Innervation Tibial nerve (S2, S3) * Function Toe flexion;Foot plantar flexion;Foot inversion * Blood supply Posterior tibial artery, fibular artery | a>

Popliteus (origin/insertion/innervation/action/blood supply)

* Origin Lateral condyle of femur, posterior horn of lateral meniscus of knee joint * Insertion Posterior surface of proximal tibia * Innervation Tibial nerve (L4-S1) * Blood supply popliteal artery, posterior tibial recurrent artery, posterior tibial artery, nutrient artery of tibia * Function Unlocks knee joint; Knee joint stabilization

muscle details of lower body Flashcards

(39 cards)