Muscle groups of the body Flashcards
(294 cards)
1
Q
orbicularis oculi action
A
eye closure
2
Q
orbicularis oculi innervation
A
facial nerve (CN VII)
3
Q
orbicularis oris action
A
mouth closure: closes lips, protrudes lips forward, presses lips against teeth
4
Q
orbicularis oris innervation
A
facial nerve (CN VII)
5
Q
Zygomaticus major/minor action
A
pull corners of lips upward
6
Q
Zygomaticus major/minor innervation
A
facial nerve (CN VII)
7
Q
Risorius action
A
pulls the corners of the mouth posteriorly (grin or grimace)
8
Q
Risorius innervation
A
facial nerve (CN VII)
9
Q
Frontalis (occipitofrontalis) action
A
raise eyebrows
10
Q
Frontalis (occipitofrontalis) innervation
A
facial nerve (CN VII)
11
Q
Buccinator action
A
compress cheeks
12
Q
Buccinator innervation
A
facial nerve (CN VII)
13
Q
Masseter action
A
jaw closure
14
Q
Masseter innervation
A
trigeminal nerve (CN V, mandibular branch)
15
Q
Temporalis action
A
Elevates mandible, closes jaw
16
Q
Temporalis innervation
A
trigeminal nerve (CN V, mandibular branch)
17
Q
Semispinalis Capitis origin
A
articular processes of inferior cervical & transverse process of superior thoracic vertebrae
18
Q
Semispinalis Capitis insertion
A
occipital bone
19
Q
Semispinalis Capitis action
A
extend head, laterally flexes neck to same side
20
Q
Semispinalis Capitis innervation
A
spinal nerves
21
Q
Sternocleidomastoid origin
A
sternal end of clavicle and manubrium
22
Q
Sternocleidomastoid insertion
A
mastoid region of skull
23
Q
Sternocleidomastoid action
A
neck flexion, turns face to opposite side
24
Q
Sternocleidomastoid innervation
A
accessory nerve (CN XI)
25
Splenius Capitis origin
spinous process/ligaments of inferior cervical vertebrae
26
Splenius Capitis insertion
mastoid process, occipital bone of skull
27
Splenius Capitis action
extend head, laterally flexes neck to same side
28
Splenius Capitis innervation
cervical spinal nerves
29
Longissimus cervicis origin
transverse processes of superior thoracic vertebrae
30
Longissimus cervicis insertion
transverse process of middle and superior cervical vertebrae
31
Longissimus cervicis action
Bilateral extend head
Unilateral laterally flexes neck to same side
32
Longissimus cervicis innervation
cervical and thoracic spinal nerves
33
Longissimus thoracis origin
transverse process of all thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
34
Longissimus thoracis insertion
transverse processes of all thoracic vertebrae
35
Longissimus thoracis action
Bilateral extension of spine
Unilaterally: lateral flexion of spine
36
Longissimus thoracis innervation
thoracic and lumbar spinal nerves
37
Thyrohyoid origin
thyroid cartilage of larynx
38
Thyrohyoid insertion
hyoid bone
39
Thyrohyoid action
elevates thyroid, depresses hyoid bone
40
Thyrohyoid innervation
hypoglossal nerve
41
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior) origin
transverse processes of C2-C7
42
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior) insertion
first and second ribs
43
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior) action
elevates ribs 1 & 2
44
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior) innervation
cervical spinal nerves
45
Spinalis
Medial column of erector spinae
Made up of three divisions (spinalis thoracis, spinalis cervicis, and spinalis capitis)
46
Longissimus
Intermediate column of erector spinae
made up of three divisions (longissimus thoracis, longissimus cervicis, longissimus capitis)
47
Iliocostalis
Lateral column of erector spinae
Made up of three divisions (iliocostalis lumborum, iliocostalis thoracis, iliocostalis cervicis)
48
Rectus abdominis origin
pubic crest, pubic symphysis
49
Rectus abdominis insertion
pubis, cartilages of ribs 5-7, xiphoid process
50
Rectus abdominis action
flexion of spine, compression of abdominal viscera
51
Rectus abdominis innervation
spinal nerves (T 7-T 12)
52
External oblique origin
sternum, ribs (5-12)
53
External oblique insertion
linea alba, iliac crest
54
External oblique action
Bilaterally: flexion of the spine, compress the abdomen
Unilaterally: flexes trunk to same side, rotates to opposite side
55
External oblique innervation
lower intercostal, ilioinguinal nerves
56
Internal oblique origin
iliac crest, lumbodorsal fascia
57
Internal oblique insertion
inferior ribs, linea alba
58
Internal oblique action
compresses abdomen, depresses ribs, flexes spine
59
Internal oblique innervation
lower intercostal, ilioinguinal nerves
60
Transverse abdominis origin
lateral inguinal ligament, inner iliac crest
61
Transverse abdominis insertion
linea alba, pubis
62
Transverse abdominis action
compression of abdomen
63
Transverse abdominis innervation
first lumbar nerve (T 7- L1), iliohypogastric (T12-L1), ilioinguinal (T12-L1)
64
Diaphragm origin
cartilage of ribs 7-12, xiphoid process, lumbar vertebrae
65
Diaphragm insertion
anterior longitudinal ligament (vertebral column)
66
Diaphragm action
expands thoracic cavity, compresses abdominal cavity
67
Diaphragm innervation
phrenic nerve (C3-5)
68
External Intercostals origin
lower border of ribs 1-11
69
External Intercostals insertion
upper border of ribs below (2-12)
70
External Intercostals action
elevates ribs (normal inspiration)
71
External Intercostals innervation
intercostal nerves
72
Internal Intercostals origin
superior border of ribs 2-12
73
Internal Intercostals insertion
inferior of ribs above (1-11)
74
Internal Intercostals action
depresses ribs (forced expiration)
75
Internal Intercostals innervation
intercostal nerves
76
Trapezius (upper, middle, lower) origin
occipital bone, spinous process of T1-12
77
Trapezius (upper, middle, lower) insertion
lateral clavicle, acromion, and scapular spine of scapula
78
Trapezius (upper, middle, lower) action
rotation, retraction, elevation, depression of scapula; extends neck and stabilizes shoulder
79
Trapezius (upper, middle, lower) innervation
Accessory nerve (Cranial Nerve 11)
80
Levator scapulae origin
transverse process of C1-4
81
Levator scapulae insertion
medial border of scapula
82
Levator scapulae action
elevates scapula
83
Levator scapulae innervation
dorsal scapular nerve
84
Rhomboids (major, minor) origin
spinous process (minor: C7-T1) (major: T2-5)
85
Rhomboids (major, minor) insertion
medial border of scapula
86
Rhomboids (major, minor) action
retraction of scapula
87
Rhomboids (major, minor) innervation
dorsal scapular nerve
88
Pectoralis minor origin
Ribs 3-5
89
Pectoralis minor insertion
Coracoid process of scapula
90
Pectoralis minor action
Elevates ribs, draws scapula down and medially
91
Pectoralis minor innervation
Medial pectoral nerve
92
Serratus anterior origin
Upper 8-9 ribs
93
Serratus anterior insertion
Medial border of scapula
94
Serratus anterior action
Protraction of scapula
95
Serratus anterior innervation
Long thoracic nerve
96
Deltoid origin
clavicle and scapula
97
Deltoid insertion
deltoid tuberosity of humerus
98
Deltoid action
abduction of shoulder (whole muscle)
99
Deltoid innervation
axillary nerve
100
Latissimus Dorsi origin
spinous process of inferior thoracic and lumbar vertebrae, ribs 8-12
101
Latissimus Dorsi insertion
intertubercular groove of humerus
102
Latissimus Dorsi action
extension, adduction, and medial rotation of shoulder
103
Latissimus Dorsi innervation
thoracodorsal nerve
104
Pectoralis Major origin
ribs 2-6, body of sternum
105
Pectoralis Major insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
106
Pectoralis Major action
flexion, adduction and medial rotation of shoulder
107
Pectoralis Major innervation
pectoral nerve
108
Teres Major origin
inferior angle of scapula
109
Teres Major insertion
intertubercular groove of humerus
110
Teres Major action
extension, adduction and medial rotation of shoulder
111
Teres Major innervation
lower subscapular nerve
112
Coracobrachialis origin
coracoid process of scapula
113
Coracobrachialis insertion
medial shaft of humerus
114
Coracobrachialis action
adduction and flexion at shoulder
115
Coracobrachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
116
Teres Minor origin
lateral border of scapula
117
Teres minor insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
118
Teres minor action
lateral rotation of shoulder
119
Teres minor innervation
axillary nerve
120
Supraspinatus origin
supraspinatus fossa of scapula
121
Supraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
122
Supraspinatus action
abduction of the shoulder
123
Supraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
124
Infraspinatus origin
infraspinatus fossa of humerus
125
Infraspinatus insertion
greater tubercle of humerus
126
Infraspinatus action
lateral rotation of scapula
127
Infraspinatus innervation
suprascapular nerve
128
Subscapularis origin
subscapular fossa of scapula
129
Subscapularis insertion
lesser tubercle of humerus
130
Subscapularis action
medial rotation of shoulder
131
Subscapularis innervation
subscapular nerve
132
Biceps brachii origin
short head- coracoid process; long head- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
133
Biceps brachii insertion
tuberosity of radius
134
Biceps brachii action
flexion at elbow and shoulder; supination
135
Biceps brachii innervation
musculocutaneous nerve
136
Brachialis origin
anterior/distal surface of humerus
137
Brachialis inserton
tuberosity of ulna
138
Brachialis action
flexion at elbow
139
Brachialis innervation
musculocutaneous nerve and radial nerve
140
Brachioradialis origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
141
Brachioradialis insertion
lateral aspect of styloid process of radius
142
Brachioradialis action
flexion at elbow
143
Brachioradialis innervation
radial nerve
144
Triceps (long head, lateral head, medial head) origin
Long head – infraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Lateral head – superior, lateral margin on humerus
Medial head – posterior surface of humerus
145
triceps insertion
olecranon of ulna
146
triceps action
extension at elbow
147
triceps innervation
radial nerve
148
pronator teres origin
medial epicondyle of humerus
149
pronator teres insertion
mid-lateral surface of radius
150
pronator teres action
pronation
151
pronator teres innervation
median nerve
152
supinator origin
lateral epicondyle of humerus
153
supinator insertion
anterolateral surface of radius
154
supinator action
supination
155
supinator innervation
deep radial nerve
156
flexor carpi radialis action
wrist flexion, radial deviation of the hand
157
flexor carpi radialis innervation
median nerve
158
palmaris longus action
wrist flexion
159
palmaris longus innervation
median nerve
160
flexor carpi ulnaris action
wrist flexion, ulnar deviation of the hand
161
flexor carpi ulnaris innervation
ulnar nerve
162
flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) action
flexion of the wrist and digits 2-5
163
flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS) innervation
median nerve
164
flexor pollicis longus action
flexion of thumb
165
flexor pollicis longus innervation
median nerve
166
flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) action
wrist flexion, flexion of digits 2-5
167
flexor digitorum profundus (FDP) innervation
palmar interosseous nerve
168
extensor carpi radialis longus action
extension, abduction of the wrist
169
extensor carpi radialis longus innervation
radial nerve
170
extensor carpi radialis brevis action
extension, abduction of the wrist
171
extensor carpi radialis brevis innervation
radial nerve
172
extensor digitorum action
wrist extension, extension of digits 2-5
173
extensor digitorum innervation
deep radial nerve
174
extensor digiti minimi action
wrist extension, extension of digit 5
175
extensor digiti minimi innervation
deep radial nerve
176
extensor carpi ulnaris action
extension, adduction of the wrist
177
extensor carpi ulnaris innervation
deep radial nerve
178
abductor pollicis longus (APL) action
abduction of wrist and thumb
179
abductor pollicis longus (APL) innervation
deep radial nerve
180
extensor pollicis longus (EPL) action
thumb extension, wrist abduction
181
extensor pollicis longus (EPL) innervation
deep radial nerve
182
extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) action
thumb extension, wrist abduction
183
extensor pollicis brevis (EPB) innervation
deep radial nerve
184
extensor indicis (EI) action
extension of wrist and digit 2
185
extensor indicis (EI) innervation
deep radial nerve
186
psoas major origin
transverse bodies of all lumbar vertebra
187
psoas major insertion
lesser trochanter of femur (with iliacus)
188
psoas major action
hip flexion
189
psoas major innervation
lumbar plexus
190
iliacus origin
iliac fossa of ilium
191
iliacus insertion
lesser trochanter of femur
192
iliacus action
hip flexion
193
iliacus innervation
femoral nerve
194
gluteus maximus origin
posterior gluteal line of the ilium, lower sacrum, side of the coccyx
195
gluteus maximus insertion
gluteal tuberosity
196
gluteus maximus action
abducts, extends, laterally rotates hip joint
197
gluteus maximus innervation
inferior gluteal nerve
198
gluteus medius and minimus origin
gluteal surface of the ilium
199
gluteus medius and minimus insertion
greater trochanter of the femur
200
gluteus medius and minimus action
abducts thigh, stabilizes hip joint
201
gluteus medius and minimus innervation
superior gluteal nerve
202
TFL- tensor fascia latae origin
ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)
203
TFL- tensor fascia latae insertion
iliotibial tract
204
TFL- tensor fascia latae action
abducts and internally rotates thigh, stabilizes hip and knee joints
205
TFL- tensor fascia latae innervation
superior gluteal nerve
206
obturator externus action
lateral rotation of thigh
207
obturator externus innervation
obturator nerve
208
obturator internus action
lateral rotation of thigh
209
obturator internus innervation
spinal nerves S1-3
210
superior and inferior gemellus action
lateral rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
211
superior and inferior gemellus innervation
spinal nerves L5,S1
212
quadratus femoris action
lateral rotation, adduction of hip joint
213
quadratus femoris innervation
spinal nerves L5,S1
214
piriformis action
lateral rotation, adduction, extension of hip joint
215
piriformis innervation
spinal nerves L5-S2
216
biceps femoris origin
long head, ischial tuberosity; short head, linea aspera of femur, lateral surface
217
biceps femoris insertion
head of the fibula, lateral surface
218
biceps femoris action
knee flexion, hip extension
219
biceps femoris innervation
long head- tibial nerve
short head- common fibular nerve
220
semitendinosus origin
ischial tuberosity
221
semitendinosus insertion
medial surface of tibia
222
semitendinosus action
knee flexion
223
semitendinosus innervation
tibial nerve
224
semimembranosus origin
ischial tuberosity
225
semimembranosus insertion
medial condyle of tibia
226
semimembranosus action
knee flexion
227
semimembranosus innervation
tibial nerve
228
rectus femoris origin
AIIS (anterior inferior iliac spine)
229
rectus femoris and vastus intermedius insertion
common tendon of the quadriceps to tibial tuberosity
230
rectus femoris action
knee extension, hip flexion
231
rectus femoris, vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius innervation
femoral nerve
232
vastus medialis origin
intertrochanteric line of femur
233
vastus medialis and vastus lateralis insertion
patella via quadriceps; tibial tuberosity
234
vastus medialis, vastus lateralis, and vastus intermedius action
knee extension
235
vastus lateralis origin
greater trochanter of femur
236
vastus intermedius origin
anterior/lateral surfaces of femur
237
adductor longus origin
front of the pubis
238
adductor longus insertion
linea aspera
239
adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus action
adducts, medially rotates thigh
240
adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus, and gracilis innervation
obturator nerve
241
adductor brevis origin
superior and inferior rami of the pubis
242
adductor brevis insertion
medial shaft femur, into the upper linea aspera
243
adductor magnus origin
inferior ramus of pubis
244
adductor magnus insertion
adductor tubercle, medial condyle of the femur, linea aspera
245
gracilis origin
lower half of pubic symphysis
246
gracilis insertion
superior shaft of tibia
247
gracilis action
adductor of the thigh, flexes knee
248
pectineus origin
pectineal line
249
pectineus insertion
posterior surface of the femur
250
pectineus action
adducts thigh
251
pectineus and sartorius innervation
femoral nerve
252
sartorius origin
ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine)
253
sartorius insertion
superior shaft of tibia
254
sartorius action
hip: flexion, abduction, external rotation
knee: flexion, internal rotation
255
tibialis anterior origin
lateral condyle of tibia
256
tibialis anterior insertion
base of metatarsal 1, medial cuneiform
257
tibialis anterior action
dorsiflexion, inversion of foot
258
tibialis anterior innervation
deep peroneal nerve
259
extensor digitorum longus origin
lateral condyle of tibia
260
extensor digitorum longus insertion
distal phalanges of digits 2-5
261
extensor digitorum longus action
extends digits 2-5, dorsiflexion of foot
262
extensor digitorum longus innervation
deep peroneal nerve
263
extensor hallucis longus origin
anterior surface of fibula
264
extensor hallucis longus insertion
dorsal surface of digit 1
265
extensor hallicus longus action
extension of digit 1, dorsiflexion of foot
266
extensor hallucis longus innervation
deep peroneal nerve
267
peroneus brevis origin
lateral, distal fibula
268
peroneus brevis insertion
lateral side of 5th metatarsal
269
peroneus brevis action
plantarflex and evert foot (pronate)
270
peroneus brevis innervation
superficial peroneal nerve
271
peroneus longus origin
posterior surface of tibia,superior fibula
272
peroneus longus insertion
base of metatarsal 1
273
peroneus longus action
plantarflex and evert foot (pronate)
274
peroneus longus innervation
superficial peroneal nerve
275
gastrocnemius origin
medial and lateral heads: posterior surface of medial and lateral femoral condyles
276
gastrocnemius insertion
posterior surface of calcaneus via achilles tendon
276
gastrocnemius action
plantarflexion of foot, knee flexion
277
gastrocnemius innervation
tibial nerve
278
soleus origin
posterior surface of fibula, medial region of posterior tibia
279
soleus insertion
posterior surface of calcaneus via Achilles tendon
280
soleus action
plantarflexion of foot
281
soleus innervation
tibial nerve
282
tibialis posterior origin
posterior surface of tibia, interosseous membrane, medial surface of fibula
283
tibialis posterior insertion
navicular bone, cuneiforms (3), cuboid, and metatarsals 2-4
284
tibialis posterior action
plantarflexion, inversion and adduction of foot
285
tibialis posterior innervation
tibial nerve
286
flexor digitorum longus origin
posterior surface of tibia
287
flexor digitorum longus insertion
inferior surface of distal phalanges 2-5
288
flexor digitorum longus action
flexion of digits 2-5; inversion and plantarflexion of foot
289
flexor digitorum longus innervation
deep peroneal nerve
290
flexor hallucis longus origin
posterior fibula
291
flexor hallucis longus insertion
inferior surface of distal phalanx of digit 1
292
flexor hallucis longus action
flexion of digit 1, inversion and plantarflexion of foot
293
flexor hallucis longus innervation
tibial nerve (deep peroneal branch)
