Muscle - Origin, Insertion, and Function (Bell Ringer Grade 12)

Question 1

Sternocleidomastoid

Answer 1

Origin : sternum clavicule
Insertion : mastoid process
Function : flexes head side to side, rotates

Question 2

Splenius

Answer 2

Origin : lower 4 cervicale, upper thoracic vertèbre
Insertion : nuchal Line
Function : rotates head

Question 3

Spinalis

Answer 3

Origin: cervicales and thoracic vertebrae
Insertion: cervical and thoracic vertebrae above
Function: extends and laterally flex spine

Question 4

Longissimus

Answer 4

Origin: cervical, thoracic and lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: Mastoid process and cervicales vertebrae
Function: extend and laterally flex spine and head

Question 5

Iliocostalis

Answer 5

Origin: sacrum, lumbar, vertebrae and ribs
Insertion: ribs, cervical vertebrae
Function: extends and laterally flexes spine

Question 6

Intercostals

Answer 6

Origin: inferior aspect of all ribs
Insertion: superior aspect of all ribs
Function: elevates and depress ribs during breathing

Question 7

Rectus abdominis

Answer 7

Origin: pubic crest
Insertion: xiphoïde process and inferior ribs
Function: flexes trunk

Question 8

External obliques and transverse abdominus

Answer 8

Origin: lower 8 ribs
Insertion: iliac crest, pubis
Functions: flex and rotate core

Question 9

Quadratus lumborum

Answer 9

origin: iliac crest, lower lumbar vertebrae
Insertion: 12th rib, upper lumbar vertebrae
Function: extends and laterally flexes lower vertebrae column

Question 10

Pectoralis major

Answer 10

Origin: clavicle, sternum
Insertion: bicipital groove
Function : Adduct and internally rotate arm

Question 11

Latissimus Dorsi

Answer 11

Origin: lower vertebrae, iliac crest, sacrum
Insertion: Bicipital groove
Function : Adducts, Extends arm

Question 12

Superaspinatus

Answer 12

Origin: Superaspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater Tubercle of humerus
Function : Stabilize and externally rotate shoulder

Question 13

Infraspinatus

Answer 13

Origin: Infraspinous Fossa

Question 14

Teres Minor

Answer 14

Origin: Lateral border of Scapula

Question 15

Subscapularis

Answer 15

Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser Tubercle
Function : Stabilize and Medially Rotates shoulder

Question 16

Trapezius

Answer 16

Origin: Nuchal Line, all cervical and thoracic vertebra
Insertion: Spine of scapula, Acromion and clavicle
Function : Elevation, depression, retraction of scapula

Question 17

Rhomboids (Major and Minor)

Answer 17

Origin: Spinal column
Insertion: Medial Border of Scapula
Function : Retract scapula

Question 18

Levator Scapulae

Answer 18

Origin: Upper cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Upper, medial border of scapula
Function : Elevates scapula

Question 19

Serratus Anterior

Answer 19

Origin: Upper 8-9 ribs
Insertion: Anterior surface or medial border of scapula
Function : Protracts scapula

Question 20

Deltoid

Answer 20

Origin: Clavicle, Acromion, spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltiod tuberosity
Function : Abducts arm

Question 21

Coracobrachialis

Answer 21

Origin: Coracoid Process
Insertion: Medial Border of Humerus
Function : flexes Arm

Question 22

Teres Major (Not a rotator cuff muscle)

Answer 22

Origin: Inferior Angle of Scapula
Insertion: Participial Groove
Function : Medial Rotator

Question 23

Biceps Brachii

Answer 23

Origin: Long head on superaglenoid tubercle, short head on coracoid process
Insertion: Radial Tuberosity
Function : Flexes Elbow, Supinates Forearm

Question 24

Triceps Brachii

Answer 24

Origin: Lateral Head - Posterior humerus, Long head- infraglenoid tubercle, medial Head- posterior humerus
Insertion: Olecranon
Function : Extends arm (At elbow)

Question 25

Brachioradialis

Answer 25

Origin: above lateral epicondyle of humerus Insertion: Styloid process of radius Function : Flexes Elbow

Question 26

Pronator teres

Answer 26

Origin: Medial Epicodyle of humerus Insertion: Radius Function : Pronates forearm

Question 27

Wrist Flexors

Answer 27

Origin: Medial Epicondyle Insertion: Metacarpals and phalanges Function : Flex Wrist

Question 28

Wrist Extensors

Answer 28

Origin: Lateral Epicondyle Insertion: Metacarpas and Phalanges Function : Extends wrist

Question 29

gluteus Maximus

Answer 29

Origin: iliac crest and sacrum Insertion: Greater trochanter Function : Extends and Externally

Question 30

Satorius

Answer 30

Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine Insertion: Medial tibia Function : flexes Hip and Knee

Question 31

Iliopsoas (Illiacus and psoas major combined)

Answer 31

Origin: Inner surface of ilium and first 5 lumbar Vertebrae Insertion: Lesser trochanter Function : Hip and Trunk Flexion

Question 32

Adductors

Answer 32

Origin: Pubis Insertion: Linea Aspera (Femur) Function : Adduct leg

Question 33

Rectus Femoris

Answer 33

Origin: Anterior Iliac spine Insertion: Patellar Ligament into tibial tuberosity Function : Knee Extension and hip flexion

Question 34

Vatus Lateralis

Answer 34

Origin: Linea Aspera Insertion: Patellar Ligament into tibial tuberosity Function : knee extention

Question 35

Vastus Intermedius

Answer 35

Origin: Anterior Femur Insertion: Patellar Ligament into tibial tuberosity Function : Knee Extension

Question 36

Vastus Medialis

Answer 36

Origin: Linea Aspera Insertion: Patellar Ligament into tibial tuberosity Function : Knee Extension

Question 37

Biceps femoris

Answer 37

Origin: LH - ischial Tuberosity, SH- linea aspera Insertion: Head of Fibula Function : Flex Knee, Extend Hip

Question 38

Semitendonus and Semimembranosus

Answer 38

Origin: Ischial Tuberosity Insertion: Tibia (medial condyle) Function : flex knee, extend hip

Question 39

Peroneals (Fibularis Longus and Brevis)

Answer 39

Function : Evert Foot

Question 40

Tibialis Anterior

Answer 40

Origin: Anterior Tibia Insertion: Cuneiform and 1st metatarsal Function: Dorsiflexes foot

Question 41

Gastroncnemius

Answer 41

Origin: 2 heads-medial and lateral condyles of femur Insertion: Achilles tendon - attaches to calcaneous Function : Plantar flexes foot

Question 42

Soleus

Answer 42

Origin: Upper Fibula and Tibia Insertion: Achilles Tendon Function : Plantar Flexes Foot