muscle physiology

Question 1

what are the 3 types of muscle in the body?

Answer 1

smooth , cardiac and skeletall

Question 2

where is smooth muscle located?

Answer 2

wall of hallow organs , vessels and respiratory passageways

Question 3

where is cardiac muscle located?

Answer 3

wall of heart

Question 4

where is skeletal muscle located?

Answer 4

attached to bones

Question 5

what are the cell characteristics of smooth muscle?

Answer 5

tapered at each end , branching networks and nonstriated

Question 6

what are the cell characteristics of cardiac muscle?

Answer 6

branching networks , special membranes (intercalated disks) between cells , single nucleus , lightly striated

Question 7

what are the cell characteristics of skeletal muscle?

Answer 7

long and cylindrical , multinucleated , heavily striated

Question 8

what is the control action of smooth muscle?

Answer 8

involuntary , produces peristalsis , contacts and relaxes slowly, may sustain contaction

Question 9

what is the control action of cardiac muscle?

Answer 9

involuntary pumps blood out of heart, self-excitatory but influenced by nervous system and hormones.

Question 10

what is the control action of skeletal muscle?

Answer 10

voluntary produces movement at joints , stimulated by nervous system , contacts and relaxes rapidly.

Question 11

what is the epimysium

Answer 11

the connective tissue layer that covers the outer surface of the muscle

Question 12

what is the perimysium

Answer 12

surrounds and holds each bundle of muscle fibres together

Question 13

what is the endomysium?

Answer 13

thin layer of connective tissue that covers each muscle fiber/cell

Question 14

where are motor neurons located ?

Answer 14

cell body in the spinal cord and a long extension (axon) that branches as it enters the muscle so one neuron can innervate multiple muscle fibres

Question 15

a bands

Answer 15

thick filaments , myson

Question 16

i bands

Answer 16

thin filaments , made of actin

Question 17

what are myofribril made from?

Answer 17

sarcomere

Question 18

what are sarcomere made from?

Answer 18

myofilaments

Question 19

what are features of the left vintricle?

Answer 19

thick walls for high pressure to bump blood around the body

Question 20

what are the two valves

Answer 20

atrioventricular and semilunar(ventricles and artieries)

Question 21

mitral

Answer 21

left atrio

Question 22

tricuspid

Answer 22

right atrio

Question 23

aortic valve

Answer 23

lead to aorta

Question 24

what do chordae tendineae do?

Answer 24

chordae tendinae and papilary muscle prevent av valvr prolapse during ventricuar contraction due to high pressure

Question 25

what do chordae tendineae do?

Answer 25

chordae tendinae and papilary muscle prevent av valve prolapse during ventricuar contraction due to high pressure