Muscle Physiology and Basic Structure(Exam 2)

Question 1

Five functions of skeletal muscle

Answer 1

-Movement
-Maintain posture/position
-Maintain Temperature
-Guard Entrances and Exits
-Support soft Tissues
(MMMGS)

Question 2

how do skeletal muscles support soft tissues?

Answer 2

the walls of the abdominal cavity and pelvic floor

Question 3

what are sphincters?

Answer 3

muscles that contract in a circle to close `

Question 4

skeletal muscles (as organs) contain

Answer 4

Connective Tissue
Blood supply
Skeletal muscle tissue
Nerves

Question 5

Single muscle cells are called

Answer 5

fibers

Question 6

Name muscle’s 3 layers of connective tissue

Answer 6

EPImysium
PERImysium
ENDOmysium
(EPE)

Question 7

which layer of connective tissue coveres the entire muscle?

Answer 7

epimysium

Question 8

what layer of connective tissue divides the muscle into fassicles?

Answer 8

perimysium

Question 9

what is a fassicle?

Answer 9

bundles of muscle tissues

Question 10

the perimysium contains ______ and ____

Answer 10

blood vessles and nerves

Question 11

which layer covers muscle fibers

Answer 11

endomysium

Question 12

2 functions of the endomysium

Answer 12

cover fibers, connect fibers together

Question 13

what are tendons?

Answer 13

coming together of the 3 connective tissue layers

Question 14

what do tendons do?

Answer 14

connect muscle to bone

Question 15

Aponeurosis

Answer 15

broad sheet of collagen fibers that connect muscles to each other

Question 16

where are aponeurosies common

Answer 16

abdominal wall

Question 17

nerves enter the

Answer 17

endomysium

Question 18

skeletal muscle fibers are specially organized to ____

Answer 18

produce contraction

Question 19

gross characteristics of skeletal muscle fiber

Answer 19

long, multinucleated, striated

Question 20

sarcolemma

Answer 20

muscle cell membrane

Question 21

T-tubials

Answer 21

openings across sarcolemma to facilitate electrical stimulation of fibers

Question 22

sarcoplasm

Answer 22

skeletal muscle cytoplasm

Question 23

myofibrils are made of _____

Answer 23

a lot of MYOfilaments

Question 24

function of myofilaments

Answer 24

contractile proteins that interact to yield contraction

Question 25

which is bigger myofibrils or myofilaments?

Answer 25

myofibrils

Question 26

what is the thin filament?

Answer 26

actin

Question 27

what is the thick filament?

Answer 27

myosin

Question 28

what is the sarcoplasmic recticulum?

Answer 28

specialized smooth ER (Ca2+)

Question 29

what is a sarcomere?

Answer 29

functional contracting unit of a myofibril (monomer to polymer)

Question 30

each myofibril has ______ sarcomeres

Answer 30

about 10k

Question 31

Z line

Answer 31

anchor thin filament (another protein connects Z to thick to anchor)

Question 32

M Line

Answer 32

connections between thick filaments (middle)

Question 33

A bands

Answer 33

contain thick fillaments

Question 34

I band

Answer 34

contain thin fillaments

Question 35

H band

Answer 35

zone of no overlap

Question 36

do thin and thick filments overlap at rest?

Answer 36

yes at zone of overlap

Question 37

describe affinity between actin and myosin

Answer 37

high

Question 38

actin has a _____ where binding takes place

Answer 38

active csite

Question 39

describe tropomyosin at rest

Answer 39

covers actin's active site

Question 40

what does troponin do

Answer 40

holds tropomyosin in place

Question 41

describe tihck filament

Answer 41

myosin... has tail and head to interact with active site at contraction