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upper limb viva > Muscle station > Flashcards

Muscle station Flashcards

1
Q

Introduce Pectoralis major

Origin/insertion/action/nerve supply

A

(blank view) Pec major is one of the anterior axioappendicular muscles
Origin 2 heads
-Clavicular head: medial 1/2 of clavicle
-Sternocostal head: anterior sternum and the first 6 costal cartilages
-Aponeurosis of the external oblique
Insertion
-Lateral lip of the bicipital groove
Action
-adduction and internal rotation of GH joint
-clavicular head: induces humeral flexion
-sternocostal head: induces humeral extension
Nerve supply
-Lateral pectoral and medial pectoral nerve

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2
Q

Introduce the pectoralis minor

Origin/insertion/action/nerve supply

A 
(blank view) Pec minor is one of the anterior axioappendicular muscles. It lies deep to pec major 
Origin
-superior borders of ribs 3-5
Insertion
-medial border of the coracoid process 
Action 
- draws the scapula inferiorly
-stabilises scapula
-protracts scapula
Nerve supply
-Medial pectoral nerve
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3
Q

Introduce the serratus anterior

Origin/insertion/action/nerve supply

A 
(blank view) Serratus anterior is one of the anterior axioappendicular msucles 
Origin
-lateral surfaces of ribs 1-8
-fascia covering the intercostal spaces
Insertion
-anterior aspect of the medial border of the scapula 
Action
-stabilises scapula against the thoracic wall 
-protracts scapula
-laterally rotates scapula
Nerve supply
-Long thoracic
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4
Q

introduce the Latissimus Dorsi O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Latissimus dorsi is a superficial posterior axioappendicular muscle
Origin - Spinous processes of T7-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, inferior 3-4 ribs and iliac crest
Insertion - Floor of bicipital groove of humerus
Action - Extension, adduction, internal rotation of humerus
Nerve supply - thoracodorsal nerve

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5
Q

Trapezius O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Trapezius is a posterior axioappendicular muscle. It has 3 parts superior, middle and inferior
Origin - Medial 1/3 of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12
Insertion - Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle, acromion, spine of the scapula
Action - Superior aspect: elevates scapula
Middle aspect: Retracts scapula
Inferior aspect: depresses scapula
Nerve supply - Accessory nerve

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6
Q

Rhomboid major and minor O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Rhomboids are a posterior axioappendicular muscle deep to trapezius. It has 2 parts rhomboid major and minor
Origin - minor: spinous processes of C7 & T1
major: spinous processes of T2-5
Insertion - minor: medial border of scapula above the spine of the scapula
major: medial border of scapula below the spine of the scapula
Action - Retraction and medial (downward) rotation of scapula
Nerve supply - dorsal scapular

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7
Q

Levator scapulae O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Levator scapula is a posterior axioappendicular muscle deep to the trapezius.
Origin - Medial border of scapula, superior to the spine of the scapula
Insertion - transverse processes of C1-4
Action - Elevates and downwardly (medially) rotates scapula, extension and lateral flexion of cervical spine
Nerve supply - dorsal scapular nerve

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8
Q

Teres major O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Teres major is one of the scapulohumeral muscles not involved in the rotator cuff
Origin - the inferior angle of the scapula
Insertion - Medial lip of the bicipital groove
Action - Adduction and internal rotation of the humerus
Nerve supply - lower subscapular nerve

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9
Q

Deltoid O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Deltoid is one of the scapulohumeral muscles not involved in the rotator cuff. It has 3 parts anterior, middle and posterior
Origin - anterior: lateral 3rd of clavicle
middle: acromion
lateral: spine of the scapula
Insertion - Deltoid tuberosity
Action - Anterior part: flexion and internal rotation of humerus
Middle: Abduction of humerus
Posterior: Extension and external rotation of humerus
Nerve supply - Axillary nerve

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10
Q

Supraspinatus O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Supraspinatus is one of the scapulohumeral muscles involved in the rotator cuff. Most common muscle involved in ‘rotator cuff’ (impingement)
Origin - supraspinous fossa
Insertion - Superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus
Action - Abduction (the first 15 degrees), stabilises GH joint
Nerve supply - suprascapular nerve

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11
Q

Infraspinatus O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Infraspinatus is one of the scapulohumeral muscles involved in the rotator cuff.
Origin - infraspinous fossa of scapula
Insertion - middle facet of the greater tubercle of humerus
Action - external rotation of humerus, stabilises GH joint
Nerve supply - Suprascapular nerve

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12
Q

Teres minor O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Teres minor is one of the scapulohumeral muscles involved in the rotator cuff. It forms the superior border of the quadrangular/ medial triangular space
Origin - lateral border of the scapula
Insertion - inferior facet of the greater tubercle of humerus
Action - external rotation of humerus, stabilises GH joint Nerve supply - Axillary nerve

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13
Q

Subscapularis O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Subscapularis is one of the scapulohumeral muscles involved in the rotator cuff.
Origin - subscapular fossa
Insertion - lesser tubercle of humerus
Action - internal rotation and adduction of the humerus, stabilises the GH joint
Nerve supply - upper and lower subscapular nerves

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14
Q

Coracobrachialis O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Coracobrachialis is one of the muscles of the anterior arm
Origin - coracoid process of scapula
Insertion - medial surface of humeral shaft
Action - arm flexion, adduction, provides support to resist shoulder dislocation
Nerve supply - musculocutaneous

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15
Q

Biceps brachii O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Biceps brachii is one of the muscles of the anterior arm
Origin - short head: coracoid process of scapula
long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
Insertion - radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
Action - supination and elbow flexion
Nerve supply - musculocutaneous nerve

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16
Q

Brachialis O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) Brachialis muscle is one of the muscles of the anterior arm
Origin - anterior surface of the humerus
Insertion - Coronoid process and tuberosity of the ulna
Action - elbow flexion
Nerve supply - musculocutaneous

17
Q

Triceps brachii O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) triceps muscle is one of the muscles of the posterior arm
Origin - Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
lateral head: posterior surface of humerus above the radial groove
medial head: posterior surface of humerus below the radial groove
Insertion - olecranon process of ulna
Action - elbow extension
Nerve supply - radial nerve

18
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) FCU is one of the anterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the superficial layer of the flexor compartment.
Origin - Humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
ulnar head: olecranon process of ulna
Insertion - pisiform, hook of hamate, fifth metacarpal
Action - wrist flexion, ulnar deviation
Nerve supply - ulnar nerve

19
Q

Palmaris longus O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) palmaris longus is one of the anterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the superficial layer of the flexor compartment.
Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion - flexor retinaculum and palmar aponeurosis
Action - wrist flexion, tenses the palmar aponeurosis
Nerve Supply - median nerve

20
Q

Flexor carpi radialis O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) flexor carpi radialis is one of the anterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the superficial layer of the flexor compartment.
Origin - medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion - base of the second metacarpal
Action - wrist flexion, radial deviation
Nerve supply - median nerve

21
Q

Pronator teres O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) pronator teres is one of the anterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the superficial layer of the flexor compartment
Origin - ulnar head: coronoid process
humeral head: medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion - lateral surface of radius
Action - forearm pronation, elbow flexion
Nerve supply - median nerve

22
Q

Flexor digitorum profundus O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) flexor digitorum profundus is one of the anterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the deep layer of the flexor compartment
Origin - anterior surface of ulna adjacent to interosseus membrane
Insertion - base of distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Action - flexes the DIPs
Nerve supply - Lateral half: anterior interosseus nerve
medial half: ulnar nerve

23
Q

Pronator quadratus O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) pronator quadratus is one of the anterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the deep layer of the flexor compartment
Origin - anterior surface of the distal ulna
Insertion - anterior surface of the distal radius
Action - forearm pronation
Nerve supply - anterior interosseus nerve

24
Q

Brachioradialis O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) brachioradialis is one of the forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the superficial layer of the extensor compartment
Origin - lateral supracondylar ridge and adjacent intermuscular septum
Insertion - lateral surface of distal radius
Action - forearm flexion in mid prone position
Nerve supply - radial nerve

25
Q

Extensor digitorum O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) extensor digitorum is one of the posterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle part of the supeficial layer of the extensor compartment.
Origin - lateral epicondyle and adjacent intermuscular septum
Insertion - extensor expansions of the middle and distal phalanges digits 2-5
Action - extension of MCPs, extension of PIPs and DIPs digits 2-5, wrist extension
Nerve supply - posterior interosseus nerve

26
Q

Abductor pollicis longus O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) abductor pollicis longus is one of the posterior forearm muscles. Its a muscle of the deep layer of the extensor compartment.
Origin - posterior surface of radius and ulna and interosseus membrane
Insertion - base of 1st metacarpal
Action - abducts thumb and extends the CMC joint
Nerve supply - posterior interosseus nerve

27
Q

Flexor pollicis brevis O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) flexor pollicis brevis is one of the anterior thenar muscles in the superficial layer
Origin - flexor retinaculum, scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion - base of the proximal phalange of the thumb
Action - flexion of MCP at thumb
Nerve supply - recurrent branch of median nerve

28
Q

Abductor pollicis brevis O/INS/A/INN

A

(blank view) abductor pollicis brevis is one of the anterior thenar muscles in the superficial layer
Origin - flexor retinaculum, scaphoid and trapezium
Insertion - base of the proximal phalange of thumb
Action - abduction of MCP at thumb
Nerve supply - recurrent branch of median nerve

upper limb viva (2 decks)

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