Flexor pollicis brevis
Origin: Trapezium
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of first digit
Action: Flexes thumb
Opponens pollicis
Origin: Trapezium
Insertion: First metacarpal
Action: Opposes thumb
Erector spinae: Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis
Origin: Vertebral column
Insertion: vertebral column
Action: Extends vertebral column
Coracobrachialis
Origin: Coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Midmedial shaft of humerus
Action: Flexes
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: fifth metacarpal
Action: Flexes hand
Fibularis longus
Origin: shaft of fibula
Insertion: First metatarsal
Action: Everts foot
Semispinalis
Origin: C7-T12
Insertion: Occipital bone
Action: Extends head
Flexor hallucis longus
Origin: Midshaft of fibula
Insertion: Distal phalanx of hallux (big toe)
Action: Flexes hallux
Trapezius
Origin: Posterior occipital bone
Insertion: spine of scapula
Action: Extends head
Sternohyoid
Origin: Manubrium of sternum
Insertion: Hyoid
Action: Depresses hyoid
Buccinator
Origin: Maxilla and mandible near molar teeth
Insertion: Orbicularis oris
Action: Compresses cheek
Serratus anterior
Origin: Ribs 1-8
Insertion: inferior angle of scapula
Action: Abducts scapula
Mylohyoid
Origin: Inner, inferior margin of mandible
Insertion: Body of hyoid
Action: Elevates hyoid
Frontalis
Origin: Galea aponeurotica
Insertion: Skin superior to orbit
Action: Raises eyebrows
Depressor labii inferioris
Origin: Lateral mandible
Insertion: Muscles and skin of lower lip
Action: Depresses lower lip
Omohyoid
Origin: Superior surface of scapula
Insertion: Hyoid
Action: Depresses hyoid
Extensor carpi radialis brevis
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Third metacarpal
Action: Extends hand
Biceps brachii
Origin: coracoid process of scapula
Insertion: Radial tuberosity
Action: Flexes arm
Orbicularis oculi
Origin: Frontal and maxilla on medial margin of orbit
Insertion: Skin of eyelid
Action: Closes eyelid
Multifidus
Origin: sacrum
Insertion: Vertebral column
Action: Extends vertebral column
Gluteus minimus
Origin: Outer iliac blade
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abducts thigh
Pterygoids (medial, lateral)
Origin: Pterygoid processes of sphenoid bone
Insertion: Medial ramus of mandible
Action: Medial gliding of mandible (for chewing)
Tensor fascia latae
Origin: Iliac crest
Insertion: Iliotibial band of fasciae latae
Action: abducts thigh
Extensor pollicis longus and brevis
Origin: interosseous membrane
Insertion: Proximal and distal phalanges of pollex (thumb)
Action: Extends thumb
Splenius
Origin: Ligamentum nuchae
Insertion: occipital bone
Action: Extends head
Temporalis
Origin: Temporal fossa
Insertion: ramus of mandible
Action: Closes mandible
Flexor pollicis longus
Origin: interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanx of pollex (thumb)
Action: Flexes thumb
Zygomaticus (major, minor)
Origin: Zygomatic bone
Insertion: Muscle and skin at angle of mouth
Action: Elevates corners of mouth (in smiling and laughing)
Tibialis anterior
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion: First metatarsal
Action: Dorsiflexes
Adductor brevis
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Linea aspera at proximal portion of femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Vastus medialis
Origin: Linea aspera
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by the patellar tendon
Action: Extends leg
Levator scapulae
Origin: C1-4
Insertion: Upper vertebral border of scapula
Action: rotates neck
Transversus abdominis
Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: Linea alba
Action: Compresses abdominal wall
Soleus
Origin: Posterior, proximal tibia
Insertion: Calcaneus by the calcaneal tendon
Action: Plantar flexes foot
Triceps brachii
Origin: Infraglenoid tuberosity of scapula
Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna
Action: Extends arm,
Rectus femoris
Origin: Anterior inferior iliac spine
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by the patellar tendon
Action: extends leg
Internal abdominal oblique
Origin: iliac crest
Insertion: Linea alba
Action: Compresses abdominal wall
Extensor carpi ulnaris
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Fifth metacarpal
Action: Extends hand
Extensor carpi radialis longus
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Second metacarpal
Action: Extends hand
Masseter
Origin: Zygomatic arch
Insertion: Angle and ramus of mandible
Action: Closes mandible
Fibularis tertius
Origin: Anterior, distal fibula
Insertion: Dorsum of fifth metatarsal
Action: everts foot
Semitendinosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Proximal, medial tibia
Action: Extends thigh
Gracilis
Origin: Pubic symphysis
Insertion: Proximal, medial tibia
Action: Adducts thigh
Plantaris
Origin: Distal femur
Insertion: Calcaneus
Action: Flexes leg
External abdominal oblique
Origin: Ribs 5-12
Insertion: Linea alba
Action: Compresses abdominal wall
Pronator teres
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Lateral, middle shaft of radius
Action: Pronates hand
Pronator quadratus
Origin: Distal part of anterior ulna
Insertion: Distal radius
Action: Pronates hand
Biceps femoris
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: lateral condyle of tibia
Action: Extends thigh
Supraspinatus
Origin: Supraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: helps stabilize shoulder joint
Popliteus
Origin: Lateral condyle of femur
Insertion: Proximal tibia
Action: Flexes leg
Sternocleidomastoid
Origin: Sternum
Insertion: Mastoid process of temporal
Action: flexes head
Deltoid
Origin: spine of scapula
Insertion: Deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
Action: medially rotates arm
Rectus abdominis
Origin: pubic symphysis
Insertion: xiphoid process
Action: compresses abdominal wall
Pectoralis major
Origin: cartilages of ribs 1-7
Insertion: Crest of greater tubercle of humerus
Action: medially rotates arm
Pectineus
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: Femur inferior to lesser trochanter
Action: Adducts thigh
Supinator
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Proximal radius
Action: Supinates hand
Sternothyroid
Origin: Manubrium of sternum
Insertion: Thyroid cartilage of larynx
Action: Depresses thyroid cartilage
Gluteus medius
Origin: Outer iliac blade
Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur
Action: Abducts thigh
Opponens digiti minimi
Origin: Hamulus of hamate
Insertion: Fifth metacarpal
Action: Opposes fifth digit
Scalenes (anterior, middle, posterior)
Origin: Transverse process of cervical vertebrae
Insertion: Ribs 1 and 2
Action: rotates neck
Flexor digitorum superficialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Middle phalanges of digits 2-5
Action: flexes hand
Risorius
Origin: Fascia of masseter
Insertion: Skin at angle of mouth
Action: Abducts corner of mouth (draws edge of mouth lateral)
Diaphragm
Origin: Xiphoid process
Insertion: Central tendon
Action: expiration (relaxation)
Infrapsinatus
Origin: Infraspinous fossa
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: stabilizes shoulder joint
Semimembranosus
Origin: Ischial tuberosity
Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia
Action: Extends thigh
Latissimus dorsi
Origin: ribs 10-12
Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus
Action: medially rotates arm
Extensor hallucis longus
Origin: Anterior shaft of fibula
Insertion: Distal phalanx of hallux (big toe)
Action: Extends hallux
Subscapularis
Origin: Subscapular fossa
Insertion: Lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: stabilizes shoulder joint
Gastrocnemius
Origin: Condyle of femur
Insertion: Calcaneus by the calcaneal tendon
Action: Flexes leg
Extensor digitorum
Origin: Lateral epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Action: extends hand
Rhomboideus minor
Origin: Ligamentum nuchae
Insertion: Vertebral border of scapula at scapular spine
Action: Adducts scapula (draws scapulae together)
Adductor longus
Origin: Pubic
Insertion: Linea aspera at middle portion of femur
Action: Adducts thigh
Digastric
Origin: mastoid notch of temporal (posterior belly)
Insertion: Hyoid
Action: Elevates hyoid
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Origin: Hamulus of hamate
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of fifth digit
Action: Flexes fifth digit
Tibialis posterior
Origin: Proximal tibia
Insertion: Second through fourth metatarsals
Action: Plantar flexes
Palmaris longus
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Palmar aponeurosis
Action: Flexes hand
Abductor pollicis brevis
Origin: trapezium
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of first digit
Action: Abducts thumb
Fibularis brevis
Origin: Shaft of fibula
Insertion: Fifth metatarsal
Action: everts foot
Internal intercostals
Origin: Inferior border of a rib
Insertion: Superior border of rib below
Action: Depresses ribs (decreases volume in thorax)
Rhomboideus major
Origin: Spines of T2-5
Insertion: Lower one-third of vertebral border of scapula
Action: Adducts scapula (draws scapulae together)
Occipitalis
Origin: Occipital and temporal bone
Insertion: Galea aponeurotica
Action: Draws scalp posteriorly
Abductor digiti minimi
Origin: Pisiform
Insertion: Proximal phalanx of fifth digit
Action: Abducts fifth digit
Flexor carpi radialis
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus
Insertion: Second and third metacarpals
Action: Flexes hand
Extensor digitorum longus
Origin: Lateral condyle of tibia
Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of second through fifth digits
Action: Extends toes
External intercostals
Origin: Inferior border of a rib
Insertion: Superior border of rib below
Action: Elevates rib (increases volume in thorax)
Quadratus lumborum
Origin: Posterior iliac crest
Insertion: rib 12
Action: Extends vertebral column
Corrugator supercilii
Origin: Medial portion of frontal bone
Insertion: Skin of eyebrows
Action: Adducts eyebrows (pulls them medially)
Abductor pollicis longus
Origin: interosseous membrane
Insertion: First metacarpal
Action: Abducts thumb
Flexor digitorum profundus
Origin: interosseous membrane
Insertion: Distal phalanges of digits 2-5
Action: flexes hand
Iliopsoas
Origin: sacrum
Insertion: Lesser trochanter of femur
Action: Flexes thigh
Vastus intermedius
Origin: Proximal, anterior femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by the patellar tendon
Action: Extends leg
Orbicularis oris
Origin: Fascia of facial muscles near mouth
Insertion: Skin of lips
Action: Closes lips
Levator labii superioris
Origin: zygomatic bones
Insertion: Muscle and skin of lips
Action: Elevates upper lip
Pectoralis minor
Origin: Ribs 3-5
Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula
Action: raises ribs 3-5
Flexor digitorum longus
Origin: Posterior tibia
Insertion: Distal phalanges of second through fifth digits
Action: Flexes toes
Gluteus maximus
Origin: Outer iliac blade
Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur
Action: braces knee
Teres major
Origin: Inferior angle of scapula
Insertion: Crest of lesser tubercle of humerus
Action: medially rotates arm
Vastus lateralis
Origin: linea aspera of femur
Insertion: Tibial tuberosity by the patellar tendon
Action: Extends leg
Mentalis
Origin: Anterior mandible
Insertion: Skin of chin below lower lip
Action: Protrudes lower lip
Platysma
Origin: Fascia covering pectoralis major and deltoid
Insertion: Mandible
Action: Depresses lower lip
Teres minor
Origin: Lateral border of scapula
Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus
Action: stabilizes shoulder joint
Sartorius
Origin: Anterior superior iliac spine
Insertion: Proximal, medial tibia
Action: Flexes thigh
Brachialis
Origin: Anterior, distal surface of humerus
Insertion: Coronoid process of ulna
Action: Flexes forearm
Adductor magnus
Origin: Pubis
Insertion: linea aspera
Action: Adducts thigh
Brachioradialis
Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus
Insertion: Styloid process of radius
Action: Flexes forearm