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Muscles Flashcards

(93 cards)

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1
Q

Pectoralis Major : proximal attachment

A

Clavicular head: anterior surface of medial 1/2 of clavicle;
Sternocostal head: sternum and superior six costal cartilages, aponeurosis of external oblique muscle

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2
Q

Pectoralis Major: distal attachment

A

Lateral lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus

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3
Q

Pectoralis Major: innervation

A

Lateral and medial pectoral nerves

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4
Q

Pectoralis Major: actions

A

Addiction and medial rotation of humerus. Draws scapula anteriorly and inferiority. Ex. Climbing, throwing, pushing, hugging, bench press

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5
Q

Pectoralis Minor: proximal attachment

A

3rd to 5th ribs

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6
Q

Pectoralis minor: distal attachment

A

Coracoid process of scapula

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7
Q

Pectoralis minor: innervation

A

Medial pectoral nerve

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8
Q

Pectoralis minor : actions

A

Stabilizes scapula by drawing inferiorly and anteriorly against thoracic wall

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9
Q

Subclavius : proximal attachment

A

Junction of first rib and it’s costal cartilage

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10
Q

Subclavius: distal attachment

A

Inferior surface of middle third of clavicle

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11
Q

Subclavius: innervation

A

Subclavian nerve

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12
Q

Subclavius : actions

A

Anchors and depresses clavicle

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13
Q

Serratus anterior: proximal attachment

A

1st to 8th ribs

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14
Q

Serratus anterior: distal attachment

A

Medial border of scapula

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15
Q

Serratus anterior: innervation

A

Long thoracic nerve

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16
Q

Serratus anterior: actions

A

Protraction of scapula, move scapula forward (pushing and punching); called boxer’s muscle. Holds the scapula against the thoracic wall

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17
Q

What does injury to the long thoracic nerve do?

A

Paralysis of serratus anterior and causes winging of scapula

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18
Q

Trapezius: medial attachment

A

Medial third of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament; spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae

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19
Q

Trapezius : lateral attachment

A

Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

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20
Q

Trapezius: innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) and C3, C4 spinal nerve

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21
Q

Trapezius: actions

A

Descending (superior) part elevates “shoulder shrugging”, ascending (inferior) part depresses and middle part retracts (pulls posteriorly) scapula.

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22
Q

CN XI nerve injury is in which muscle

A

Trapezius

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23
Q

Latissimus dorsi: medial attachment

A

Spinous processes of T6-T12 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs

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24
Q

Latissimus dorsi: lateral attachment

A

Floor of intertubercular groove of humerus

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25
Latissimus dorsi: innervation
Thoracodorsal nerve
26
Latissimus dorsi: actions
Extends, adduction and medial rotation of shoulder joint (striking actions ex. Blow, hammering, swimming and rowing); raises body towards arm during climbing
27
Levator scapulae: medial attachment
Posterior tubercles Of transverse processes of C1-C4
28
Levator scapulae: lateral attachment
Medial border of scapula superior to root of spine
29
Levator scapulae : innervation
Dorsal scapulae nerve
30
Levator scapulae : actions
Elevate scapula
31
Rhomboid Major: medial attachment
Spinous processes of T2-T5
32
Rhomboid minor: medial attachment
Spinous processes of C7-T1
33
Rhomboids (Major and minor) : lateral attachment
Medial border of scapula
34
Rhomboids (Major and minor): innervation
Dorsal scapular nerve
35
Rhomboids (Major and minor) : actions
Retract scapula and rotate glenoid cavity inferiorly
36
Deltoid: proximal attachment
Lateral 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula. (Insertion of trapezius is same as origin of deltoid)
37
Deltoid: distal attachment
Deltoid tuberosity of humerus
38
Deltoid: innervation
Axillary nerve
39
Deltoid: actions
Flex, medially rotates shoulder joint; extends, laterally rotate and abduction of arm
40
Supraspinatus: proximal attachment
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
41
Supraspinatus: distal attachment
Greater tubercle of humerus
42
Supraspinatus: innervation
Suprascapular nerve
43
Supraspinatus: action
Initiate abduction (15°) of arm
44
Infraspinatus: proximal attachment
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
45
Infraspinatus: distal attachment
Greater tubercle of humerus
46
Infraspinatus: innervation
Suprascapular nerve
47
Infraspinatus: action
Laterally rotates shoulder joint
48
Teres minor: proximal attachment
Middle part of lateral border of scapula
49
Teres minor: distal attachment
Greater tubercle of humerus
50
Teres minor: innervation
Axillary nerve
51
Teres minor: action
Laterally rotates shoulder joint (same as infraspinatus)
52
Teres Major: proximal attachment
Inferior part of lateral border of scapula
53
Teres Major: distal attachment
Medial lip of intertubercular sulcus of humerus
54
Teres Major: innervation
Lower subscapular nerve
55
Teres Major: action
Medially rotates and adducts the shoulder joint
56
Subscapularis: proximal attachment
Subscapular fossa of scapula
57
Subscapularis: distal attachment
Lesser tubercle of humerus
58
Subscapularis: innervation
Upper and lower subscapular nerves
59
Subscapularis: action
Medially rotates and adduct of shoulder joint
60
Rotator cuff muscles
SITS: supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis
61
Injury to thoracodorsal nerve causes
Can be injured during mastectomy. Paralyzes the latissimus dorsi. They cannot climb
62
Injury to CN XI causes
Shoulder drop
63
Injury to dorsal scapular nerve
Paralysis of rhomboids
64
Brachial plexus roots:
Formed by anterior rami of C5 to T1 nerves. Extends from cervical region to axilla. Nerve supply to upper limb
65
Injury to superior trunk C5, C6 roots in new born
Erb-Duchenne palsy. Excessive stretching of neck during delivery or fall landing on shoulder
66
Waiters tip position
Injury to C5, C6
67
Injury of inferior trunk C8, T1
Klumpke paralysis. Occurs when limb is suddenly pulled. Damage to ulnar nerve
68
Damage to ulnar nerve causes
Claw hand. Loss of sensation over medial palm, ring, and pinky finger
69
Ulnar nerve compression occurs where
Between medial epicondyle and operating table during surgery causing claw hand
70
Damage to median nerve due to excessive probing in cubical fossa during venipuncture
Thenar atrophy. Loss of thumb opposition - ape hand
71
Distal lesion in median nerve
Carpal tunnel syndrome
72
Damage to radial nerve causes
Wrist drop. “Saturday night palsy”
73
Injury to long thoracic nerve
Paralysis of serratus anterior. “Winging scapula” due to stab wound, axillary node dissection
74
Biceps brachii : proximal attachment
Short head: from coracoid process of scapula Long head: from supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
75
Biceps brachii: distal attachment
Radial tuberosity
76
Biceps brachii: innervation
Musculotaneous nerve
77
Biceps brachii: actions
Flexes elbow and supinate forearm. Ex. Opening a bottle of wine
78
Brachialis: proximal attachment
Distal half of anterior surface of humerus
79
Brachialis: distal attachment
Coronoid process of ulna
80
Brachialis: innervation
Musculotaneous nerve
81
Brachialis: actions
Flexes elbow joint
82
Coracobrachialis: proximal attachment
Coracoid process of scapula
83
Coracobrachialis: distal attachment
Middle third of medial surface of humerus
84
Coracobrachialis: innervation
Musculotaneous nerve
85
Coracobrachialis: actions
Flexes and adducts shoulder joint
86
Triceps brachii: proximal attachment
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle of scapula Lateral head: humerus superior to radial groove Medial head: humerus inferior to radial groove
87
Triceps brachii: distal attachment
Olecranon process of ulna
88
Triceps brachii: innervation
Radial nerve
89
Triceps brachii: actions
Chief extensor of elbow joint
90
Anconeus: proximal attachment
Lateral epicondyle of humerus
91
Anconeus: distal attachment
Olecranon process of ulna
92
Anconeus: innervation
Radial nerve
93
Anconeus: actions
Assists triceps in extending elbow joint

anatomy (2 decks)

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