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Anatomy I > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

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1
Q

Superficial pectoral m.

A
  • origin: sternum
  • termination: crest of greater tubercle and cranial humeral border
  • action: adduct thoracic limb
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2
Q

Deep (ascending) pectoral

A
  • origin: sternum
  • termination: greater and lesser tubercles of humerus
  • action: adduct thoracic limb and pull it caudally
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3
Q

Brachiocephalicus m.

A
  • origin: clavicular intersection
  • termination: distal cranial humerus, mastoid process of temporal bone, and dorsal midline of neck
  • action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally
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4
Q

Omotransversarius m.

A
  • origin: wing of the atlas
  • termination: distal spine of the scapula
  • action: pull thoracic limb cranially (and/or) depress and pull head and neck laterally
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5
Q

Trapezius m.

A
  • origin: cervical part - dorsal neck, thoracic part - dorsal thorax
  • termination: spine of the scapula
  • action: elevate the thoracic limb
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6
Q

Rhomboideus m.

A
  • origin:
    – thoracis: dorsal thorax
    – cervicis: dorsal neck
    – capitis: occipital bone
  • termination: dorsal border of scapula and/or scapular cartilage
  • action: elevate the thoracic limb
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7
Q

Serratus ventralis m.

A
  • origin: cervical vertebrae, thoracic wall
  • termination: serrated face of scapula
  • action: support and/or elevate the trunk
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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi m.

A
  • origin: thoracolumbar fascia
  • termination: teres major tuberosity
  • action: draw the thoracic limb caudally, flex or extend the humeral joint
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9
Q

Sternocephalicus m.

A
  • origin: sternum
  • termination: mastoid process of temporal bone, occipital bone
  • action: depress head and neck; draw head and neck laterally
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10
Q

Sternohyoideus m .

A
  • origin: sternum
  • termination: basihyoid bone
  • action: pull tongue and larynx caudally
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11
Q

Sternothyroideus m.

A
  • origin: cranial aspect of sternum
  • termination: thyroid cartilage
  • action: pull tongue and larynx caudally
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12
Q

Deltoideus m.

A
  • origin: spine of scapula and acromion
  • termination: deltoid tuberosity of humerus
  • action: flex the humeral joint
  • nerves: suprascapular and axillary nerves
  • intrinsic lateral muscle of shoulder
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13
Q

Supraspinatus m.

A
  • origin: supraspinous fossa of the scapula
  • termination: greater tubercle of the humerus
  • action: extend the humeral joint
  • nerves: suprascapular and axillary nerves
  • intrinsic lateral muscle of shoulder
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14
Q

Infraspinatus m.

A
  • origin: infraspinous fossa of the scapula
  • termination: greater tubercle of the humerus
  • action: flex the humeral joint; abduct the limb at the humeral joint
  • nerves: suprascapular and axillary nerves
  • intrinsic lateral shoulder muscle
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15
Q

Teres minor m.

A
  • origin: caudal border of scapula
  • termination: teres minor tuberosity of the humerus
  • action: flex the humeral joint
  • nerves: suprascapular and axillary nerves
  • intrinsic lateral muscle of shoulder
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16
Q

Subscapularis m.

A
  • origin: subscapular fossa of the scapula
  • termination: lesser tubercle of humerus
  • action adduct limb at the humeral joint
  • nerves: subscapular, axillary, and musculocutaneous
  • intrinsic medial shoulder muscle
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17
Q

Teres major m.

A
  • origin: caudal border of scapula
  • termination: teres major tuberosity of humerus
  • action: flex the joint
  • nerves: subscapular, axillary, and musculocutaneous
  • intrinsic medial shoulder muscle
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18
Q

Coracobrachialis m.

A
  • origin: coracoid process of scapula
  • termination: crest of the lesser tubercle of the humerus
  • action: adduct limb at the shoulder
  • nerves: subscapular, axillary, and musculocutaneous
  • intrinsic medial shoulder muscle
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19
Q

Biceps brachii m .

A
  • origin: supraglenoid tubercle
  • termination: radial and ulnar tuberosities
  • action: flex the cubital joint and extend the humeral joint
  • nerves: musculocutaneous nerve
  • intrinsic cranial brachium muscle
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20
Q

Brachialis m.

A
  • origin: brachial groove of humerus
  • termination: proximal radius and/or ulna
  • action: flex the cubital joint
  • nerves: musculocutaneous nerve
  • intrinsic cranial brachial muscle
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21
Q

Triceps brachii m.

A
  • origin: caudal border of scapula (long head), proximal humerus (other heads)
  • termination: tuber olecrani
  • action: extend the cubital joint (all heads), flex the humeral joint (long head)
  • nerves: radial nerve
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22
Q

Tensor fasciae antebrachii m.

A
  • origin: latissimus dorsi and fascia on caudal border of scapula
  • termination: tuber olecrani
  • action: extend the cubital joint (and tense the deep antebrachial fascia)
  • nerves: radial nerve
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23
Q

Anconeus m.

A
  • origin: caudal aspect of the distal humerus
  • termination: tuber olecrani
  • action: extend the cubital joint
  • nerves: radial nerve
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24
Q

Extensor carpi radialis m.

A
  • origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus (and its crest)
  • termination: dorsal base of second and third metacarpal bones
  • action: extend the carpal joints
  • nerves: radial nerve
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25
Common digital extensor m.
- origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus - termination: extensor processes of the distal phalanges - action: extend the carpal and digital joints - nerves: radial nerve
26
Lateral digital extensor m. (Thoracic)
- origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus - termination: distal phalanges (also the proximal and/or middle phalanges) of lateral digit(s) - action: extend the carpal joint and the digital joints of the lateral most digits - nerves: radial nerve
27
Extensor carpi ulnaris m. (ulnaris lateralis m.)
- origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus - termination: accessory carpal bone and lateral base of fifth metacarpal bone - action: flex the carpal joints; abduct the manus - nerves: radial nerve
28
Supinator m.
- origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus - termination: body of the radius - action: supination of the manus - nerves: radial nerve
29
Abductor digiti I longus m. (abductor pollicis longus m.)
- origin: proximal antebrachium (ulna) - termination: medial metacarpus - action: abduct the first digit - nerves: radial nerve
30
Brachioradialis m.
- origin: lateral epicondyle of the humerus - termination: fascia near the carpus - action: flexes the cubital joint and supinates the manus - nerves: radial nerve
31
Flexor carpi radialis m.
- origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus - termination: palmar base of metacarpal bones 2 and 3 - action: flex the carpal joints - nerves: median and ulnar nerves
32
Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
- origin: medial epicondyle and olecranon - termination: accessory carpal bone - action: flex the carpal joints - nerves: median and ulnar nerves
33
Superficial digital flexor m.(Thoracic)
- origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus - termination: middle phalanges of the digits (palmer aspects) - action: flex the carpal joints, metacarpophalangeal, and proximal interphalangeal joints - nerves: median and ulnar nerves
34
Deep digital flexor m. (Thoracic)
- origin: humerus (medial epicondyle), radius, ulna - termination: flexor tubercles of distal phalanges - action: flex the carpal and digital joints - nerves: median and ulnar nerves
35
Pronator teres m.
- origin: medial epicondyle of the humerus - termination: medial body of radius - action: pronation of the manus - nerves: median and ulnar nerves
36
Pronator quadratus m.
- attachments: apposed surfaces of the radius and the ulna - action: pronation of the manus - nerves: median and ulnar nerves
37
Extrinsic Muscles of the Thoracic Limb
- superficial pectoral m. - deep pectoral m. - brachiocephalicus m. - omotransversarius m. - trapezius m. - rhomboideus m. - serratus ventralis m. - latissimus dorsi m.
38
Muscles of the Ventral Neck
- sternocephalicus m. - sternohyoideus m. - sternothyroideus m.
39
Intrinsic Muscles of the Thoracic Limb (Lateral Muscles of the Shoulder)
*innervated by the surpascapular and axillary nerves* - deltoideus m. - supraspinatus m. - infraspinatus m. - teres minor m.
40
Intrinsic Muscles of the Thoracic Limb (Medial Muscles of the Shoulder)
*innervated by the subscapular, axillary, and musculocutaneous nn.) - subscapularis m. - teres major m. - coracobrachialis m.
41
Intrinsic Muscles of the Thoracic Limb (Cranial Muscles of the Brachium)
*innervated by the musculocutaneous nerve* - bicpes brachii m. - brachialis m.
42
Intrinsic Muscles of the Thoracic Limb (Caudal Muscles of the Brachium)
*innervated by the radial nerve* - triceps brachii m. - tensor fasciae antebrachii m. - anconeus m.
43
Intrinsic Muscles of the Thoracic Limb (Craniolateral Antebrachial Muscles)
* innervated by the radial nerve* - extensor carpi radialis m. - common digital extensor m. - lateral digital extensor m. - extensor carpi ulnaris m. - supinator m. - abductor digiti I longus (abductor pollicis longus) - brachioradialis m.
44
Intrinsic Muscles of Thoracic Limb (Caudomedial Antebrachial Muscles)
* innervated by the median and ulnar nerves) - flexor carpi radialis m. - flexor carpi ulnaris m. - superficial digital flexor m. - deep digital flexor m. - pronator teres m. - pronator quadratus m.
45
Muscles of the Manus
- interosseous muscles (4 of them)
46
Tensor fasciae latae m.
- origin: tuber coxae - termination: fascia lata - tense the fasciae lata (flex the coxal joint and extend the genual joint) - lateral (dorsal) muscles of hip - cranial and caudal gluteal nerves
47
Lateral (dorsal) muscles of the hip
- innervated by cranial and caudal gluteal nerves - tensor fasciae latae m. - superficial gluteal m. - middle gluteal m. - piriformis m. - deep gluteal m. - articularis coxa m.
48
Superficial gluteal m.
- origin: sacrotuberous ligament - termination: third trochanter of the femur - action: abduct the limb (may have a minor extensor action on the coxal joint) - innervated by cranial and caudal gluteal nerves
49
Middle gluteal m.
- origin: gluteal surface of the ilium - termination: greater trochanter of the femur - action: extend the coxal joint; abduct the limb - innervated by the cranial and caudal gluteal nerves
50
Piriformis m.
- origin: sacrum and first caudal vertebra - termination: greater trochanter - action: extend the coxal joint - innervated by the cranial and caudal gluteal nerves
51
Deep gluteal m.
- origin: body of ilium and ischiatic spine - termination: greater trochanter (deep to the middle gluteal m.) - action: abduct the limb and extend the coxal joint - innervated by the cranial and caudal gluteal nerves
52
Articularis coxa m.
- lateral (dorsal) muscles of the hip - innervated by the cranial and caudal gluteal nerves
53
Caudal Muscles of the Hip
- innervated by the sciatic and obturator nerves - external obturator m. - interanal obturator m. - gemelli m. - quadratus femoris m.
54
External obturator m.
- origin: ventral aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen - termination: trochanteric fossa - action: adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint - innervated by the sciatic and obturator nerves
55
Internal obturator m.
- origin: dorsal aspect of os coxae around obturator foramen - termination: trochanteric fossa - action: rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint - innervated by the sciatic and obturator nerves
56
Gemelli mm.
- origin: lateral aspect of ischium - termination: trochanteric fossa - rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint - innervated by sciatic and obturator nerves
57
Quadratus femoris m.
- origin: ventral aspect of ischium - termination: caudal femur near the trochanteric fossa - actionDNTK: extend coxal joint; adduct and/or rotate the limb laterally at the coxal joint - innervated by the sciatic and obturator nerves
58
Caudal muscles of the thigh
- innervated by the sciatic nerve - biceps femoris m. - semitendinosus m. - semimembranosus m.
59
Biceps femoris m.
- origin: ischiatic tuberosity and sacrotuberous ligament - termination: patella, tibia, and tuber calcanei - action: extend the coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint - innervated by the sciatic nerve
60
Semitendinosus m.
- origin: ischiatic tuberosity - termination: tibia and tuber calcanei - action: extend the coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint - innervated by the sciatic nerve
61
Semimembranosus m.
- origin: on or near the ischiatic tuberosity - termination: distal femur and proximal tibia - action: extend coxal joint; variable action on the genual joint - innervated by the sciatic nerve
62
Medial muscles of the thigh
- innervated by the obturator nerve (except sartorius) - sartorius m. - gracilis m. - pectineus m. - adductor m.
63
Sartorius m.
- has a cranial and caudal bellies (in dog only) - origin: crest of ilium - termination: medial aspect of the genual region - action: flex the coxal joint, cranial head extends the genual joint and caudal head flexes the genual joint
64
Gracilis m.
- origin: pelvic symphysis - termination: medial aspect of the genual region and tuber calcanei - action: adduct the limb, extend the coxal joint; flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint - innervated by the obturator nerve
65
Pectineus m.
- origin: iliopubic eminence (prepubic tendon and cranial border of pubis) - termination: distal body of femur - action: adduct the limb - innervated by the obturator nerve
66
Adductor m.
- origin: ventral surface of os coxae - termination: caudal surface of femur - action: adduct the limb and extend the coxal joint - innervated by the obturator nerve
67
Cranial muscles of the thigh
- innervated by the femoral nerve - quadriceps femoris m. - iliopsoas m.
68
Quadriceps femoris m.
- four heads: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus intermedius, and vastus medialis - origin: rectus femoris, ilium; other three heads, proximal femur - termination: tibial tuberosity - action: flex the coxal joint (rectus femoris); extend the genual joint (all heads) - innervated by the femoral nerve
69
Iliopsoas m.
- origin: ilium (ilium) and lumbar vertebrae (psoas major) - termination: lesser trochanter - action: flex the coxal joint - innervated by the femoral nerve
70
Craniolateral muscles of the crus
- innervated by the common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve) - cranial tibial m. - long digital extensor m. - lateral digital extensor m. - fibularis longus m.
71
Cranial tibial m.
- origin: lateral aspect of proximal tibia - termination: plantar base of metatarsal bones 1 and 2 - action: flex the tarsocrural joint and rotate paw laterally - innervated by the common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve)
72
Long digital extensor m.
- origin: extensor fossa of femur - termination: extensor processes of the distal phalanges - action: extend the genual joint; flex the tarsocrural joint; extend the digital joints - innervated by the common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve)
73
Lateral digital extensor m.(Pelvic)
- origin: on and near the proximal aspect of the fibula - termination: lateral digits - action: flex the tarsocrural joint; extend the digital joints of the lateral most digits - innervated by the common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve)
74
Fibularis longus m. (peroneal longus m.)
- origin: on or near lateral collateral ligament of the genual joint - termination: fourth tarsal bone and plantar base of metatarsal bones action: flex the tarsocrural joint and rotate the paw medially - innervated by the common fibular nerve (common peroneal nerve)
75
Caudal muscles of the crus
- innervated by the tibial nerve - gastrocnemius m. (medial and lateral heads) - superficial digital flexor m. - deep digital flexor m. (lateral and medial heads) - popliteus m.
76
Gastrocnemius m.
- medial and lateral heads - origin: distal caudal femur - termination: tuber calcanei of the calcaneus - action: flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint - innervated by the tibial nerve
77
Superficial digital flexor m.(Pelvic)
- origin: lateral supracondylar tuberosity of femur - termination: tuber calcanei and bases of middle phalanges - action: flex the genual joint; extend the tarsocrural joint; flex the metatarsophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints - innervated by the tibial nerve
78
Deep digital flexor m.(Pelvic)
- two heads: lateral and medial heads - origin: proximal caudal aspect of the tibia and fibula - termination: flexor tubercle of distal phalanges - action: extend the tarsocrural joint; flex the digital joints - innervated by the tibial nerve
79
Popliteus m.
- origin: popliteal fossa of the femur - termination: proximal caudal aspect of tibia - action: flex the genual joint - innervated by the tibial nerve
80
Muscles of the pes
- 4 interosseous muscles

Anatomy I (2 decks)

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