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Second Year Osteopathy > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

(69 cards)

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1
Q

Which nerve are the muscles of Facial Expression innervated by?

A

Facial nerve (CN VII)

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2
Q

Occipitofrontalis - facts

A
  • 2 bellies: occipital and frontal
    joined via the epicranial aponeurosis
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3
Q

Occipitofrontalis - Origin/Insertion

A

Origin:
Frontal belly - epicranial aponeurosis
Occipital belly - lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line

Insertion:
Frontal belly - skin and subcutaneous tissue of eyebrows and forehead
Occipital belly - epicranial aponeurosis

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4
Q

Occipitofrontalis - Action

A

elevates eyebrows, wrinkles skin on forehead, retracts scalp

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5
Q

Orbicularis Oculi - facts

A

Sphincter shaped muscle
two parts - palpebral par (inner), orbital part (outer)

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6
Q

Orbicularis Oculi - Origin/Insertion

A

Origin:
medial orbital margin, medial palpebral ligament, lacrimal bone

Insertion:
skin around margin of orbit, superior and inferior tarsal plates in eyelids

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7
Q

Orbicularis Oculi - Action

A

closes eyelids
palpebral part: gently
orbital part: tightly

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8
Q

Buccinator - Origin/Insertion

A

Origin:
alveolar processes of maxilla and mandible

Insertion:
angle of mouth and orbicularis oris

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9
Q

Buccinator - Action

A

presses cheek against molar teeth, resists distension of cheeks when blowing

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10
Q

Orbicularis Oris - facts

A

Sphincter of mouth

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11
Q

Orbicularis Oris - Origin/Insertion

A

Origin:
maxilla and mandible bones, angles of mouth

Insertion:
mucous membranes of lips

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12
Q

Orbicularis Oris - Action

A

holds lips closes, compresses and protrudes lips

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13
Q

Platysma - facts

A

contained within the subcutaneous tissue of the neck

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14
Q

Platysma - Origin/Insertion

A

Origin:
subcutaneous fascia of the supra and infraclavicular regions

Insertion:
mandible, skin of cheek and lower lip

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15
Q

Platysma - Action

A

depresses mandible, tenses skin of inferior face and neck

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16
Q

Temporalis - PA & DA

A

PA:
floor of temporal fossa, up to the inferior temporal line, deep surface temporal fascia

DA:
coronoid process of the mandible, anterior ramus

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17
Q

Temporalis - N/S & Action

A

N/S:
CN V3 mandibular br. of trigeminal nerve

Action:
elevates mandible, posterior fibre retract the mandible

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18
Q

Masseter - PA & DA

A

PA:
Zygomatic bone and zygomatic arch

DA:
angle and lateral side of ramus of the mandible

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19
Q

Masseter - N/S & Action

A

N/S:
CN V3 mandibular br. of trigeminal nerve

Action:
elevated mandible, assists in protusion

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20
Q

Lateral Pterygoid - PA & DA

A

PA:
greater wing of sphenoid, lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate

DA:
Neck of mandibular br. of trigeminal nerve

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21
Q

Lateral Pterygoid - N/S & Action

A

N/S:
CN V3 mandibular br. of trigeminal nerve

Action:
bilat - protrudes mandible, depress chin
unilat - moves jaw to contralateral side

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22
Q

Medial Pterygoid - PA & DA

A

PA:
medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate, palatine & maxillary bone

DA:
medial surface of the mandibular ramus

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23
Q

Medial Pterygoid - N/S & Action

A

N/S:
CN V3 mandibular br. of trigeminal nerve

Action:
elevates mandible and assists in protrusion
unilat - produces grinding movements

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24
Q

Sternocleidomastoid - IA & SA

A

IA:
Sternal head - manubrium
Clavicular head - medial 1/3 of the clavicle

SA:
Mastoid process of the temporal bone

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25
Sternocleidomastoid - N/S & Action
N/S: Accessory nerve: CN XI (motor) and spinal nerves C2/3 (pain and proprioception Action: Bilat - anterior translation of the head unilat - ipsilateral sidebending, contralateral rotation
26
Trapezius - PA & DA
PA: medial 1/3 sup nuchal line, EOP, nuchal ligament, SPs of C7-T12 vertebrae DA: Lat 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of the scapula
27
Trapezius - N/S & Action
N/S: Spinal accessory nerve CN XI (motor) C3/4 spinal nerves (sensory, pain and proprioception Action Sup: Elevates scap. Mid: Retracts scap Low: Depresses Scap
28
Which muscles are included in the Suprahyoid muscles?
Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid, Stylohyoid, Digastric
29
Which muscles are included in the Infrahyoid muscles?
Sternohyoid, Omohyoid, Sternothyroid, Thyrohyoid
30
Mylohyoid - O & I
O: mandible I: hyoid
31
Geniohyoid muscles - O & I
O: hyoid I: back of the chin
32
Stylohyoid - O & I
O: Styloid process I: hyoid
33
Digastric - O & I
O: posterior belly - mastoid process, anterior belly - mandible I: Hyoid
34
Sternohyoid - O & I
O: sternum I: hyoid
35
Omohyoid - O&I
O: Scapula I: hyoid
36
Sternothyroid - O & I
O: Sternum I: Thyroid cartilage
37
Thyrohyoid - O & I
O: thyroid cartilage I: hyoid
38
Where are the prevertebral muscles located?
lie in the floor of the anterior and posterior triangles, under the prevertebral fascia
39
Anterior muscles of the neck and main function
Longus colli Longus capitis Rectus capitis anterior Anterior scalene flexion of the head and neck
40
Longus colli
long muscle of the neck
41
Longus capitis
long muscle of the head, fibres are broad and thick superiorly and narrow inferiorly, fibres pass superiomedially
42
Rectus capitis anterior
straight, attaching to the head, anterior
43
Lateral muscles of the neck
Rectus capitis lateralis, splenius capitis, middle scalene, posterior scalene, levator scapulae
44
Middle Scalenes - SA & IA & Action
SA: Posterior tubercles of TPs of C5-C7 IA: 1st rib, posterior to the subclavian groove Action: Sidebending of neck, elevation of 1st rib during forced respiration
45
Posterior Scalenes - SA, IA & Action
SA: Posterior tubercles of Tps of C5-7 IA: External border of 2nd rib Action: Sidebending of neck, elevation of 2nd rib during forced respiration
46
Levator Scapulae - SA, IA & Action
SA: Posterior tubercles of TPs C1-4 vertebrae IA: Medial border of the scapula, superior to the spine of the scapula Action: Elevates scapula and downwardly rotates it
47
Suboccipital Triangle - Contents
suboccipital nerve vertebral artery
48
Suboccipital Triangle - Boundaries
Superomedial - rectus capitis posterior major Superolateral - Obliquus capitis superior Inferolateral - Obliquus capitis inferior
49
Suboccipital triangle - roof and floor
Roof - Semispinalis capitis Floor - Posterior atlanto-occipital membrane and posterior arch of vertebra C1
50
Which muscles are in the Superficial Group (extrinsic)
Latissimus Dorsi, Rhomboids, Lev Scap, Trapezius
51
Which muscles are in the intermediate Group (extrinsic)
Serratus posterior superior, serratus posterior inferior
52
Which muscles are in the deep group (intrinsic) - Superficial
Splenius capitis, splenius cervicis
53
Which muscles are in the deep group (intrinsic) - Intermediate
Erector Spinae - Iliocostalis, Longissimus, Spinalis
54
Which muscles are in the deep group (intrinsic) - deep
major: Rotatores, Multifidis, Semispinalis minor: Interspinalis, Intertransversarii, levator costarum
55
Latissimus Dorsi - PA & DA
PA: SP’s T7-T12, iliac crest, T/L Fascia DA: Floor of bicipital groove
56
Latissimus Dorsi - N/S & A
NS: thoracodorsal n (C6-8) A: adduct, extend, IR humerus
57
Rhomboid Major - PA & DA
PA: maj – T2-T5 SP’s; min – C7-T1 SP’s, nucal lig. I: medial border scapula (minor above spine of scapula/major below spine of scapula)
58
Rhomboid Major/Minor - N/S & A
NS: dorsal scapula (C4-5) A: retraction of scapula
59
Levator Scapulae - PA & DA
PA: C1-C4 TP’s DA: superior angle of scap.
60
Levator Scapulae - N/S & A
NS: dorsal scapula (C5) A: Sup: Elevates scap.
61
Trapezius - PA &DA
PA: C7-T12 SP’s, nuchal line & lig. DA: lat 1/3 clavicle, acromion, spine of scap.
62
Trapezius - N/S & A
NS: M: CN 11 (acc.) + S: C3/4 spinal ns. A: Sup: Elevates scap.; Mid: Retracts scap.; Low: Depresses Scap
63
Serratus posterior superior
- deep to rhomboids - thin - help with respiration
64
Serratus posterior inferior
- deep to latissimus dorsi - helps with respiration
65
Splenius capitis & cervicis - N/S & A
N/S: posterior rami of spinal nerves A: extends head & neck (bilat), lat flex & rotation (unilat)
66
Erector Spinae - PA &DA
PA (common): posterior iliac crest, posterior sacrum, posterior median crest DA: Spinalis - spinous process; Longissimus - transverse process, mastoid process; Iliocostalis: b/w ribs
67
Erector Spinae - N/S & A
N/S: posterior rami of spinal nerves A: extension of Tx/LX, ipsilateral sidebending
68
Deep Group (intrinsic, major) - IA & SA & N/S & facts
IA: TP's SA: SP's - running from superficial to deep (rotatores 1-2, multifidis 2-4, semispinalis 4-6) N/S: posterior rami of spinal nerves
69
Deep group (intrinsic, minor) - N/S
all posterior rami of spinal nerves Intertransversarii - anterior and posterior rami of spinal nerves

Second Year Osteopathy (9 decks)

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