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Muscles Flashcards

1
Q

origin

A

part of the muscle that does not move and is anchored to the bone; attached closest to the skeleton

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2
Q

belly

A

middle part of the muscle

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3
Q

insertion

A

moveable part of the muscle anchored to the bone; attached furthest from the skeleton

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4
Q

epicranius

A

broad muscle that covers the top of the skull and consists of the occipitalis and frontalis; also called occipitofrontalis

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5
Q

epicranial aponeurosis

A

tendon that connects the occipitalis and frontalis muscles

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6
Q

frontalis

A

front (anterior) portion of the epicranius; scalp muscle that raises the eyebrows, draws the scalp forward, and causes wrinkles across the forehead

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7
Q

occipitalis

A

back (posterior) portion of the epicranius: muscle that draws the scalp backward

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8
Q

sternocleidomastoicleus

A

neck muscle that lowers and rotates the head; originates at the clavicle and inserts at the temporal bone

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9
Q

platysma

A

broad muscle extending from the pectoral and deltoid muscles to the side of the chin; responsible for lowering the lower jaw and lip

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10
Q

corrugator

A

small muscle located between the eyebrows below the frontalis; draws the eyebrow down and wrinkles the forehead vertically

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11
Q

procerus

A

muscle that covers the bridge of the nose, lowers the eyebrows, and causes wrinkles across the bridge of the nose

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12
Q

temporalis

A

located near the temple, it opens and closes the jaw

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13
Q

levator palpebrae superioris

A

thin muscle that controls the movement of the eyelid

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14
Q

orbicularis occuli

A

ring muscle of the eye socket that closes the eyelids and assists in pumping tears

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15
Q

levator anguli oris

A

muscle that raises the angle of the mouth and draws it inward

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16
Q

levator labii superioris

A

muscle that surrounds and elevates the upper lip and dilates the nostrils, as when expressing distaste

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17
Q

zygomaticus minor

A

muscle that works with the zygomaticus major to make facial expressions

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18
Q

zygomaticus major

A

muscle that extends from the zygomatic bone to the angle of the mouth; directs the lip outward and upward when laughing or smiling

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19
Q

masseter

A

originates at the lower part of the zygomatic; moves the mandible, causing the mouth to close

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20
Q

risorius

A

muscle at the corner of the mouth that draws it out and back, as when grinning

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21
Q

buccinator

A

muscle of the cheek between the upper and lower jaw that compresses that cheeks and expels air between the lips

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22
Q

orbicularis oris

A

muscle that circles the mouth and contracts, puckers, and wrinkles the lips

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23
Q

triangularis

A

muscle at the corner of the lip that extends over the chin and pulls down the corners of the mouth when frowning

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24
Q

depressor labii inferioris

A

muscle that surronds and lowers the lower lip and draws it to one side, as when expressing sarcasm

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25
mentalis
muscle at the tip of the chin that elevates the lower lip and raises and wrinkles the skin of the chin
26
trapezius
covers the back of the neck as well as the upper and middle regions of the back; lifts and turns the head; raises the shoulders; controls swinging movements of the arms
27
deltoid
large, triangular muscle covering the shoulder join that allows the arm to extend outward and to the side of the body
28
tricep
large muscle covering covering the entire back of the upper arm that extends the forearm and straightens the elbow
29
bicep
front of the upper arm; produces the contour of the front and inner side of the upper arm; lifts the forearm and flexes the elbow
30
pronator
muscle that turns the hand inward so the palm faces downward
31
extensors
muscles that extend and straighten joints such as the wrist, hand, and fingers to form a straight line
32
flexor
extensor muscle of the wrist involved in flexing or bending it
33
supinator
forearm muscle that rotates the radius outward and the palm upward
34
adductors
muscles that draw a body part toward the midline of the body; draw the fingers together in the hand
35
abductors
muscles that draw a body part away form the midline of the body; separate the fingers in the hand
36
opponens
muscle that allows the thumb to be moved toward a finger of the same hand
37
peroneus longus
muscle that covers the outer side of the calf, inverts the foot, and turns it outward
38
gastrocnemius
muscle attached tot he lower rear surface of the heel that pulls the foot down
39
peroneus brevis
muscle that originates on the lower surface of the fibula and bends the foot down and out
40
tibialis anterior
muscle covering the front of the shin that bends the foot upward and inward
41
extensor digitoram longus
muscle that bends the foot up and extends the toes
42
soleus
muscle that originates at the upper portion of the fibula and bends the foot down
43
extensor hallucis longus
muscle that extends the big toe and flexes the foot
44
flexor digiti minimi
foot muscle that moves the little toe
45
abductor digiti minimi
foot muscle that allows the little toe to flex and move
46
abductor hallucis
foot muscle that moves the big toe away from the other toes
47
flexor digitorum brevis
foot muscle that flexes the toes and helps maintain balance while walking and standing
48
cranium
an oval, bony case consisting of 8 bones that protect the brain
49
facial skeleton
the framework of the face; composed of 14 bones
50
parietal bones (2)
two bones forming the sides and top of the cranium
51
temporal bones (2)
two bones forming the sides of the head in the ear region
52
occipital bone
located below the parietal bones forming the back o the skull above the nape
53
frontal bone
forms the forehead
54
sphenoid bone
forms base and sides of skull
55
ethmoid bone
separates nasal cavity from brain
56
zygomatic bones (2)
also known as cheekbones or molar bones, they form the prominence of the cheeks and outer part of the eye socket
57
lacrimal bones (2)
two small, thin bones located in the front inside wall of the eye sockets (orbits)
58
nasal bones (2)
two bones that form the bridge of the nose
59
maxillae bones (2)
tow bones that form the upper jaw
60
mandible
largest and strongest bone of the face that forms the lower jaw
61
cervical vertebrae (7)
seven bones located below the skull; provide support, structure and flexibility to the neck
62
clavicle
also known as collarbone, it joins the sternum and scapula
63
hyoid bone
u-shaped bone at the base of the tongue that supports it and it 's muscles; the only bone of the throat
64
scapula (2)
also called the shoulder blade; large, flat, triangular bone of the shoulder; there are two scapulae
65
humerus
uppermost and largest bone in the arm, extending from the elbow to the shoulder
66
ulna
inner and greater bone in the forearm located on the side of the little finger
67
radius
smaller bone in the forearm on the same side as the thumb
68
phalanges
also known as digits; bones of the fingers or toes; three in each finger and two in each thumb
69
carpus (8)
also known as the wrist; flexible joint composed of eight small, irregular bones called carpals
70
metacarpus (5)
five bones, or metacarpals, of the palm located between the carpus and phalanges
71
patella
also called the kneecaps; forms the kneecap joint
72
tibia
also known as shinbone, its the larger of the two leg bones below the knee one the big toe side that supports most of the body's weight
73
fibula
located on the little- toe side of the lower leg; smaller of the tow leg bones below the knee
74
talus
also called the ankle bone; between the heel bone; tibia, and fibia
75
phalanges (14)
also known as digits; there are fourteen total with two in each big toe and three in each smaller toe
76
tarsals (7)
seven irregularly shaped bones in the ankle area including the talus, calcaneus (heel), navicular, cuboid, and three cuneiform bones
77
metatarsals (5)
five long, slender bones similar to the metacarpal bones of the hand
78
Circulatory System
FUNCTION: controls blood movement throughout the body MAJOR ORGANS: heart, blood vessels
79
Digestive System
FUNCTION: breaks down food into nutrients or waste for nutrition or excretion MAJOR ORGANS: stomach, intestines, esophagus, salivary glands
80
Endocrine System
FUNCTION: controls hormone levels within the body that determine growth, development, reproduction, and health of entire body MAJOR ORGANS: endocrine glands, hormones
81
Excretory System
FUNCTION: eliminates waste from the body, reducing the buildup of toxins MAJOR ORGANS: kidneys, liver, skin, large intestine, lungs
82
Lymphatic System
FUNCTION: protects the body from disease by developing immunities and destroying pathogens and toxins MAJOR ORGANS: lymph, lymph nodes, lymph vessels, spleen
83
Integumentary System
FUNCTION: provides a protective covering and regulates body temperature MAJOR ORGANS: skin, oil glands, sweat glands, hair, nails
84
Muscular System
FUNCTION: covers, shapes, and holds the skeletal system in place; muscles contract to allow for movement for body structures MAJOR ORGANS: muscles
85
Nervous System
FUNCTIONS: coordinates all other body systems, allowing them to work efficiently and react to the environment MAJOR ORGANS: brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes
86
Reproductive System
FUNCTION: produces offspring and differentiates males from females as assigned at birth MAJOR FUNCTIONS: uterus, ovaries, penis, testes
87
Respiratory System
FUNCTION: makes blood and oxygen available to body structures through respiration; eliminates carbon dioxide MAJOR FUNCTIONS: lungs, air passages
88
Skeletal System
FUNCTION: forms the physical foundation of the body: composed of 206 bones connected by moveable and immovable joints MAJOR ORGANS: bones, joints

Cosmetology (8 decks)

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