Muscles Flashcards
(16 cards)
What does the locomotor system consist of?
The locomotor system consists of bones and muscles that allow movement.
What are bones?
Bones are organs that form the skeleton.
What are the functions of bones?
Bones protect organs, support the body, and allow movement using muscles at joints.
How do bones protect organs?
For example, the ribs and sternum protect the lungs, and the skull protects the brain.
How do bones support the body?
The vertebrae in your backbone hold you up straight.
What is the structure of bones?
Bones are hard to withstand knocks and pressure and are light, making them easy to move.
What is found in the hollow center of many bones?
Many bones have a hollow center containing bone marrow where blood cells are made.
How do muscles work with bones?
Muscles cannot push; they need pairs of muscles (antagonistic pairs) to pull bones in opposite directions.
What happens when one muscle in an antagonistic pair contracts?
When one muscle contracts and gets shorter, it pulls a bone while the other muscle in the pair relaxes.
What type of joint is the elbow?
The elbow joint is a flexible joint.
What type of joints meet in the skull?
The bones in the skull meet at fixed joints.
How are muscles controlled?
Muscles are controlled by the nervous system, which sends signals via the spinal cord and along nerves.
How are muscle cells adapted to their function?
Muscle cells contain strands that can shorten to produce a pulling force.
What is required for muscle action?
Muscle action requires energy from respiration.
How are oxygen and nutrients delivered to muscles?
Oxygen and nutrients required for respiration are carried to the muscles in the blood.
How are nutrients and oxygen transported in the blood?
Nutrients are carried in the plasma, while oxygen is carried on red blood cells.
