Muscles

Question 1

What are the 13 muscles you have to know ?

Answer 1

• Deltoid
• Latissimus
  dorsi
• Rotator cuffs
• Pectorals
• Abdominals
• bicep
• tricep
• Quadriceps
• Hamstrings
• hip flexors
• gluteals
• Gastrocnemius
• tibialis anterior

Question 2

What are antagonistic muscle pairs ?

Answer 2

While one muscle contracts, another relaxes to create movement.

Question 3

What is the muscle contracting in an antagonistic muscle pair called ?

Answer 3

The muscle contracting is the agonist (prime mover)

Question 4

What is the muscle relaxing in an antagonistic muscle pair called ?

Answer 4

The antagonist

Question 5

What are the four antagonistic muscle pairs and what are the sporting examples of them ?

Answer 5

• Bicep and tricep (bicep - Upwards phase of a bicep curl) (tricep - downwards phase)
• Quadriceps and Hamstrings ( Quadriceps - straightening the leading leg going over a hurdle) (Hamstrings- Bending the trailing leg going over a hurdle)
• Gastrocnemius and tibialis anterior (Gastrocnemius- pointing the toes when performing a pike jump in trampolining) (Tibialis anterior- Bringing the toes up towards the shins when extending the legs in long jump)
• Hip flexors and gluteals (Hip flexors- bringing the legs up in a seat-drop in trampolining) (Gluteals - lifting the leg back at the hip when running)

Question 6

What are the difference between ISOTONIC muscle contraction and ISOMETRIC muscle contraction?

Answer 6

1) ISOTONIC muscle contraction are those that result in movement.

2) ISOMETRIC muscle contraction are where the muscles contract but there is no visible movement

Question 7

What is a sporting examples of an isotonic muscle contraction ?

Answer 7

A bicep curl

Question 8

What is a sporting examples of an Isometric muscle contraction ?

Answer 8

The stationary phase of a rugby scrum

Question 9

What is the difference between CONCENTRIC and ECCENTRIC isotonic muscle contractions ?

Answer 9

1) CONCENTRIC muscle contraction is when the muscles contract shortens during the contraction

example: Bicep muscle contracting to lift a weight during a biceps curl activity

2) ECCENTRIC muscle contraction is when the muscle lengthens during the contraction

example: biceps muscle contracting to lower and control the weight during a bicep curl