MUSCLES

Question 0

A connective tissue partition that separates adjacent fasciculi in a skeletal muscle

Answer 0

Perimysium

Question 1

A dense layer of collagen fibers that surrounds a skeletal muscle and is continuous with the tendons/aponeuroses of the muscle and with the perimysium.

Answer 1

Epimysium

Question 2

Bundles of muscle fibers

Answer 2

Fascicle

Question 3

A delicate network of connective tissue fibers that surrounds individual muscle cells

Answer 3

Endomysium

Question 4

Embryonic stem cells that function in the repair of damaged muscle tissue

Answer 4

Myosatellite cells

Question 5

A collagenous band that connects a skeletal muscle to an element of the skeleton

Answer 5

Tendon

Question 6

A broad tendinous sheet that may serve as the origin or insertion of a skeletal muscle

Answer 6

Aponeurosis

Question 7

The plasma membrane of a muscle cell

Answer 7

Sarcolemma

Question 8

The cytoplasm of a muscle cell

Answer 8

Sarcoplasm

Question 9

The transverse, tubular extensions of the sarcolemma that extend deep into the sarcoplasm, contacting cistern are of the sarcoplasm if reticulum

Answer 9

Transverse T tubules

Question 10

Organized collections of myofilaments in skeletal and cardiac muscle cells

Answer 10

Myofibrils

Question 11

The smallest contractile unit of a striated muscle cell

Answer 11

Sarcomeres

Question 12

Composed primarily of actin

Answer 12

Thin filaments

Question 13

Composed primarily of myosin

Answer 13

Thick filaments

Question 14

A myosin head that projects from the surface of a thick filament and that can bind to an active site of a thin filament in the presence of calcium ions.

Answer 14

Cross-bridges

Question 15

A synapse between a neuron and a muscle cell

Answer 15

Neuromuscular junction

Question 16

A propagated change in the transmembrane potential of excitable cells, initiated by a change in the membrane permeability to sodium ions.

Answer 16

Action potential

Question 17

A narrow space, separates the synaptic terminal of the neuron from the opposing sarcolemmal surface

Answer 17

Synaptic cleft

Question 18

A chemical neurotransmitter in the brain and peripheral nervous system; the dominant neurotransmitter in the peripheral nervous system, released at neuromuscular junctions and synapses of the parasympathetic division

Answer 18

Acetylcholine

Question 19

A single stimulus-contraction-relaxation cycle in a skeletal muscle

Answer 19

Twitch

Question 20

If a skeletal muscle is stimulated a second time immediately after the relaxation phase has ended, the resulting contraction will develop a slightly higher maximum tension than did the contraction after the first stimulus

Answer 20

Treppe

Question 21

When a higher stimulation frequency eliminates the relaxation phase

Answer 21

Complete tetanus

Question 22

Tension rises and the skeletal muscles length changes

Answer 22

Isotonic contractions

Question 23

The muscle as a whole does not change length and the tension never exceeds the load

Answer 23

Isometric contractions

Question 24

A high-energy compound in muscle cells, during muscle activity, the phosphate group is donated to ADP, regenerating ATP.

Answer 24

Creatine phosphate

Question 25

The complete breakdown of organic substrates into carbon dioxide and water via pyruvic acid; a process that yields large amounts of ATP but requires mitochondria and oxygen

Answer 25

Aerobic metabolism

Question 26

An anaerobic cytoplasmic breakdown of glucose into lactic acid by way of pyruvic acid, with a net gain of two ATP molecules

Answer 26

Anearobic process/glycolysis

Question 27

A compound produced from pyruvic under anaerobic conditions

Answer 27

Lactic acid

Question 28

The conditions in muscle fibers are returned to normal

Answer 28

Recovery period

Question 29

The amount of oxygen required to restore normal, preexertion conditions

Answer 29

Oxygen debt

Question 30

Muscle cells found only in the heart

Answer 30

Cardiac muscle cells

Question 31

Each cardiac muscle cells contacts several others at specialized sites

Answer 31

Intercalated discs

Question 32

Forms sheets, bundles, or sheaths around other tissues in almost every organ

Answer 32

Smooth muscle tissue