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Gross Anatomy Exam 3 > Muscles > Flashcards

Muscles Flashcards

(134 cards)

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1
Q

Insertion of anterior scalene

A

Anterior scalene tubercle of 1st rib

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2
Q

Innervation of anterior/middle/posterior scalene muscles

A

Direct branches of cervical and brachial plexus (C3-C6)

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3
Q

Action of scalene muscles

A

With ribs mobile: Raise upper ribs (inspiration)
With ribs fixed:
-bilateral: flex neck
-unilateral: ipsilateral lateral flexion of cervical spine

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4
Q

Origin of middle scalene

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse process C3-C7

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5
Q

Insertion of middle scalene

A

1st rib (posterior to groove for subclavian artery)

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6
Q

Origin of posterior scalene

A

posterior tubercles of transverse processes C5-C7

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7
Q

Insertion of posterior scalene

A

Outer surface of 2nd rib

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8
Q

Origin/Insertion of external intercostal muscles

A

Lower margin of rib (superior) to upper margin of next inferior rib

(fibers run obliquely forward and downward from costal tubercles to chondroosseus junction)

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9
Q

Origin/insertion of internal intercostal muscles

A
  • Lower margin of superior rib to upper margin of inferior rib
  • Fibers run obliquely forward and upward from costal angle to sternum
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10
Q

Action of external intercostal muscle

A
  • Raise ribs (inspiration)
  • Stabilize intercostal space
  • Support chest wall
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11
Q

Action of internal intercostal muscle

A
  • Lower ribs (expiration)
  • Stabilize intercostal space
  • Support chest wall
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12
Q

Origin of innermost intercostal muscles

A

Lower margin of upper rib to upper margin of next lower rib

fibers run obliquely forward and upward from costal angle to sternum

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13
Q

Innervation of intercostal muscles (external, internal, innermost internal)

A

1st to 11th intercostal nerves

T1-T11

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14
Q

Origin/Insertion/Innervation/Action of subcostal muscle

A

O/I-Lower margin of lower rib to inner surface of 2-3 ribs below
Innerv - adjacent intercostal nerves
Action - lower ribs (expiration

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15
Q

Origin of transversus thoracis muscle

A

Sternum and xiphoid process (inner surface)

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16
Q

Insertion of transversus thoracis

A

2nd-6th ribs (costal cartilages and inner surface)

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17
Q

Innervation of transverus thoracis muscle

A

2nd-6th intercostal nerves

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18
Q

Action of transversus thoracis

A

Weakly Lower ribs (expiration)

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19
Q

Origin of diaphragm

A
  • 7th -12th ribs (inner surface)
  • L1 to L3 vertebral bodies, IV disks
  • posterior surface xiphoid process
  • anterior longitudinal ligament (as right and left crura)
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20
Q

Insertion of diaphragm

A

Central tendon of diaphragm

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21
Q

Innervation of diaphragm

A

Phrenic nerve (C3,C4,C5) - most motor and sensory

*Subcostal and lower intercostal nerves supply sensory innervation to periphery

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22
Q

Origin of anterior scalene

A

Anterior tubercles of transverse process of C3-C6

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23
Q

Origin of rectus abdominis

A

Lateral head - From pubic crest to pubic tubercle

Medial head - anterior region of pubic symphysis

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24
Q

Insertion of rectus abdominis

A
  • Costal cartilages of ribs 5-7

- Xiphoid process

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25
Innervation of rectus abdominis
Intercostal nerves (T5-T12)
26
Action of rectus abdominis
- Flex trunk - Compress abdomen - Stabilize pelvis
27
Origin of external oblique
5th-12th ribs (outer surface)
28
insertion of external oblique
- Linea alba - pubic tubercle - Iliac crest
29
Innervation of external oblique
Intercostal nerves T7-T12
30
Action of external oblique
``` Unilateral: -ipsilateral lateral flexion of trunk -contralateral rotation of trunk Bilateral: -flex trunk, compress abdomen, stabilize pelvis ```
31
Origin of internal oblique
- Thoracolumbar fascia (deep) - Iliac crest - Anterior superior iliac spine - Iliopsoas fascia
32
Insertion of internal oblique
- Linea alba, | - 10th -12th ribs (lower borders)
33
Innervation of internal oblique
- Intercostal nerves (T1-T11) - Iliohypogastric nerve - Ilioinguinal nerve
34
Action of internal oblique
``` Unilateral: -Ipsilateral lateral flexion of trunk -Ipsilateral rotation of trunk Bilateral: -Flex trunk, compress abdomen, stabilize pelvis ```
35
Origin of transversus abdominis
- Thoracolumbar fascia (deep) - Iliopsoas fascia - Anterior Superior Iliac Spine - Iliac crest - 7th-12th costal cartilages
36
Insertion of transversus abdominis
- Linea alba | - Pubic crest
37
Innervation of transversus abdominis
- Intercostal nerves (T7-T12) - Iliohypogastric nerve (of lumbar plexus) - Ilioinguinal nerve
38
Action of transversus abdominis
Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of trunk Bilateral: compresses abdomen
39
Origin of psoas major
``` Superficial: -T12-L4 vertebral bodies -Associated IV discs Deep: L1-L5 (transverse processes) ```
40
Insertion of psoas major
- Femur (lesser trochanter) | - Joint insertion as illiopsoas muscle
41
Innervation of psoas major
Direct branches from lumbar plexus
42
Muscles of the pelvic diaphragm
Levator ani, coccygeus
43
Origin of coccygeus
Sacrum (inferior end)
44
Insertion of coccygeus
Ischial Spine
45
Innervation of coccygeus
Direct branches of sacral plexus (S4-S5)
46
Action of coccygeus
Supports pelvic viscera; flexes coccyx
47
Pelvic Wall muscles
Piriformis, Obturator internus
48
Origin of piriformis
Sacrum (Pelvic surface)
49
Insertion of piriformis
Femur (apex of greater trochanter)
50
Innervation of piriformis
Direct branches of sacral plexus (S1-S2)
51
Action of piriformis
Hip joint: external rotation, stabilization, abduction of flexed hip
52
Origin of obturator internus
Obturator membrane and bony boundaries of obturator foramen
53
Insertion of obturator internus
Femur (Medial surface of greater trochanter)
54
Innervation of obturator internus
Direct branches of sacral plexus (L5-S1)
55
Action of obturator internus
Hip joint: external rotation, Abduction of flexed hip
56
Origin of superficial transverse perineal
Ischial ramus
57
Insertion of superficial transverse perineal
Perineal body
58
Innervation of superficial transverse perineal
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
59
Action of superficial transverse perineal
- Hold pelvic organs in place | - Close urethra
60
Origin/Insertionof Bulbospongious
Runs anteriorly from perineal body to clitoris (females) or Penile raphe (males)
61
Innervation of bulbospongiosus
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
62
Action of bulbospongiosus
Females - compress greater vestibular gland | Males - assist in erection
63
Origin of ischocavernosus
Ischial ramus
64
Insertion of ischiocavernosus
Crus of clitoris or penis
65
Innervation of ischiocavernosus
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
66
Action of ischiocavernosus
Maintains erection by filling corpus cavernosum of penis or clitoris with blood
67
Origin/Insertion of external anal sphincter
Encircles anus (Runs posteriorly from perineal body to anococcygeal ligament)
68
Innervation of external anal sphincter
Pudendal nerve (S2-S4)
69
Action of external anal sphincter
Closes anus
70
Origin of Levator Ani
Body of pubis, Ischial spine, Tendinous arch of levator ani, Sacrum (inferior end)
70
Insertion of levator ani
Anus, Anococcygeal ligament, Perineal body, Rectum, Walls of vagina and prostate, Coccyx
70
Action of levator ani
Support pelvic viscera and decrease intraabdominal pressure
70
Innervation of levator ani
Nerve to levator ani (S4), Inferior anal nerve
70
Origin of SCM
Manubrium of sternum, medial 1/3 clavicle
70
Insertion of SCM
Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral superior nuchal line
70
Innervation of SCM
Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI), Branches of cervical plexus C2-C3
70
Action of SCM
Unilateral - ipsilateral lateral flexion of head, contralteral rotation Bilateral - extends head
71
Suprahyoid muscles
Digastric, Stylohyoid, Mylohyoid, Geniohyoid
72
Origin of anterior belly of digastric
Mandible (Digastric fossa)
73
Insertion of anterior belly of digastric
Hyoid bone
74
Innervation of anterior belly of digastric
Mylohyoid nerve (Branch of CN V3)
75
Action of anterior belly of digastric
Elevates hyoid bone (swallowing)
76
Origin of posterior belly of digastric
Mastoid notch of temporal bone
77
Insertion of posterior belly of digastric
Hyoid bone
78
Innervation of posterior belly of digastric
Facial nerve (CN VII)
79
Action of posterior belly of digastric
Elevate hyoid bone (swallowing)
80
Stylohyoid
Styloid process of temporal bone
81
Insertion of stylohyoid
Hyoid bone
82
Innervation of stylohyoid
Facial nerve (CN VII)
83
Action of stylohyoid
Elevate the hyoid bone (swallowing)
84
Origin of mylohyoid
Mylohyoid line of mandible
85
Insertion of mylohyoid
Hyoid bone
86
Innervation of mylohyoid
Mylohyoid nerve (branch CN V3)
87
Action of mylohyoid
Draw the hyoid bone forward for swallowing | Open mandible and move it side to side - mastication
88
Origin of geniohyoid
Mandible
89
Insertion of geniohyoid
Hyoid bone
90
Innervation of geniohyoid
Anterior ramus of C1 via hypoglossal nerve
91
Action of geniohyoid
Draw hyoid bone forward for swallowing
92
Origin of Omohyoid
Superior border of scapula
93
Insertion of omohyoid
Hyoid bone
94
Innervation of omohyoid
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
95
Action of omohyoid
Depress the hyoid bone (swallowing) | Draw larynx and hyoid down
96
Origin of sternohyoid
Manubrium of sternum and the SC joint
97
Insertion of sternohyoid
Hyoid bone
98
Innervation of sternohyoid
Ansa cervicalis (C1-C3)
99
Action of sternohyoid
Depress hyoid bone and larynx for swallowing
100
Origin of sternothyroid
Manubrium of sternum
101
Insertion of sternothyroid
Thyroid cartilage
102
Innervation of sternothyroid
Ansa Cervicalis (C2-C3)
103
Action of sternothyroid
Depress hyoid bone and larynx down for swallowing
104
Origin of thyrohyoid
Thyroid cartilage
105
Insertion of thyrohyoid
Hyoid Bone
106
Innervation of thyrohyoid
C1 Via hypoglossal nerve
107
Action of thyrohyoid
Depress hyoid bone | Raise larynx for swallowing
108
Origin of masseter
Anterior 2/3 zygomatic arch | Posterior 2/3 zygomatic arch
109
Insertion of masseter
Mandibular angle
110
Innervation of masseter
Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
111
Action of masseter
Elevate (adduct) and protrude mandible
112
Origin of temporalis
Temporal fossa
113
Insertion of temporalis
Coronoid process of mandible
114
Innervation of temporalis
Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
115
Action of temporalis
Elevate mandible, Retract mandible Unilateral - lateral movements -chewing
116
Origin of lateral pterygoid
Greater wing of sphenoid, Lateral surface of lateral pterygoid plate
117
Insertion of lateral pterygoid
Articular disc of TMJ Joint, Condylar process of mandible
118
Innervation of lateral pterygoid
Mandibular nerve (CN V3)
119
Action of lateral pterygoid
Protrude mandible, lateral movements of mandible (chewing)
120
Origin of medial pterygoid
Medial surface of lateral pterygoid plate, Maxilla
121
Insertion of medial pterygoid
Mandibular angle
122
Innervation of Medial pterygoid
Mandibular Nerve (Cn V3)
123
Action of medial pterygoid
Elevate mandible
124
Origin of Eye Muscles
Superior rectus, Medial Rectus, Lateral rectus, Inferior Rectus - Common annular tendon Superior oblique - Sphenoid bone Inferior oblique - Medial orbital margin
125
Insertion of Eye muscles
Sclera of eye
126
Innervation of eye muscles
Superior rectus, medial rectus, inferior rectus, Inferior oblique - Occulomotor nerve (CN 3) Lateral rectus - Abducens nerve (CN 6) Superior oblique - Trochlear nerve (CN 4)
127
Action of eye muscles
Superior rectus - Elevate, Adduct, Medially Rotate eye Medial rectus - Adduct eye Inferior rectus - Depress, Adduct, Laterally rotate eye Lateral rectus - Abduct eye Superior oblique - Depress, Abduct, Medially rotate eye Inferior oblique - Elevate, Abduct, Laterally rotate eye

Gross Anatomy Exam 3 (3 decks)

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