Muscles Flashcards
1
Q
platysma
A
broad, flat superficial, depresses lower lip, use it to “pout”
2
Q
zygomaticus
A
turns corners of lips up (in smiling)
3
Q
depressor anguli oris
A
draws corners of the mouth downward and laterally the “frowning” muscle
4
Q
orbicularis oculi
A
closes eyelids, draws eyelids inferiorly, causes “crow’s feet”
5
Q
orbicularis oris
A
closes/purses lips “kissing muscle”
6
Q
buccinator
A
“trumpeter’s muscle” - helps blow air out of mouth, retracts angle of mouth, runs horizontally, is deep to the masseter
7
Q
frontalis
A
raises eyebrows, draws scalp forward
8
Q
temporalis
A
associated with TMJ, closes jaw & elevates mandible, inserts on mandible
9
Q
massester
A
you can feel this muscle at the angle of your jaw when you clench your teeth, closes jaw & elevates and retracts mandible
10
Q
sternocleidomastoid
A
flexes neck (when both contract simulataneously), right muscle turns head to the left and vice versa: originates at sternum and inserts on skull, deep to the platysma
11
Q
semispinalis
A
deep composite muscle of the back - thoracic, crevices & captious portions, acting together, extend head & vertebral column, acting independently, cause rotation towards the opposite side
12
Q
broad, flat superficial, depresses lower lip, use it to “pout”
A
platysma
13
Q
turns corners of lips up (in smiling)
A
zygomaticus
14
Q
draws corners of the mouth downward and laterally the “frowning” muscle
A
depressor anguli oris
15
Q
closes eyelids, draws eyelids inferiorly, causes “crow’s feet”
A
orbicularis oculi
16
Q
closes/purses lips “kissing muscle”
A
orbicularis oris
17
Q
“trumpeter’s muscle” - helps blow air out of mouth, retracts angle of mouth, runs horizontally, is deep to the masseter
A
buccinator
18
Q
raises eyebrows, draws scalp forward
A
frontalis
19
Q
associated with TMJ, closes jaw & elevates mandible, inserts on mandible
A
temporalis
20
Q
you can feel this muscle at the angle of your jaw when you clench your teeth, closes jaw & elevates and retracts mandible
A
massester
21
Q
flexes neck (when both contract simulataneously), right muscle turns head to the left and vice versa: originates at sternum and inserts on skull, deep to the platysma
A
sternocleidomastoid
22
Q
deep composite muscle of the back - thoracic, crevices & captious portions, acting together, extend head & vertebral column, acting independently, cause rotation towards the opposite side
A
semispinalis
23
Q
linea alba
A
a narrow white tendinous sheath that runs along the middle of the abdomen from the sternum to the pubic symphysis, it is formed by the fusion of the rectus abdominis aponeuroses
24
Q
a narrow white tendinous sheath that runs along the middle of the abdomen from the sternum to the pubic symphysis, it is formed by the fusion of the rectus abdominis aponeuroses
A
linea alba
25
external abdominal oblique
compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates truck, fibers run superior to inferior to midline (linea alba)
26
internal abdominal oblique
compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates truck, fibers run perpendicular to external abdominal oblique which runs inferior to superior towards the linea alba
27
transversus abdominis
compresses abdominal wall, fibers run horizontally, deepest muscle of the abdominal wall
28
rectus abdominis
rectus - straight, flexes & rotates vertebral column, compresses abdomen, fibers run vertically, "six pack" or "washboard stomach" muscle
29
diaphragm
responsible for respiration (when it contracts-thoracic cavity expands-inspiration) like a trampoline
30
external intercostals
primarily inhalation (inspiration) originates on inferior rib margin/inserts on superior margin of rib below, fibers run "back to front" obliquely
31
internal intercostals
primary exhalation (expiration) originates on superior rib margin/inserts on interior margin of rib above, fibers run "front to back" obliquely
32
compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates truck, fibers run superior to inferior to midline (linea alba)
external abdominal oblique
33
compresses abdominal wall, laterally rotates truck, fibers run perpendicular to external abdominal oblique which runs inferior to superior towards the linea alba
internal abdominal oblique
34
compresses abdominal wall, fibers run horizontally, deepest muscle of the abdominal wall
transversus abdominis
35
rectus - straight, flexes & rotates vertebral column, compresses abdomen, fibers run vertically, "six pack" or "washboard stomach" muscle
rectus abdominis
36
responsible for respiration (when it contracts-thoracic cavity expands-inspiration) like a trampoline
diaphragm
37
primarily inhalation (inspiration) originates on inferior rib margin/inserts on superior margin of rib below, fibers run "back to front" obliquely
external intercostals
38
primary exhalation (expiration) originates on superior rib margin/inserts on interior margin of rib above, fibers run "front to back" obliquely
internal intercostals
39
trapezius
large paired triangular (kite-shaped) muscle in upper back, extends head, elevates, stabilizes & depresses the scapula
40
Rhomboideus major
draws scapulae together (adducts them); rectangular shape
41
Rhomboideus minor
draws scapulae together; smaller than rhomboideus major
42
serratus anterior
"boxer muscle"; moves scapula forward toward chest wall; thrusts shoulder forward as when pushing something
43
pectoralis minor
deep to pectorals major; fibers run vertically; depresses glenoid cavity (shoulder joint) & raises ribs #3-5
44
deltoid
fan-shaped, thick muscle covering shoulder joint; commonly used for IM injections; major function to abduct arm; also flexes, extends & rotates arm
45
pectorals major
prime mover of arm flexion;superficial muscle with fibers running horizontally across chest (fan shaped); also medially rotates arm
46
latissimus dorsi
wide triangular muscle, pulls arm back in swimming, climbing, rowing; prime mover of arm extension: extends, adducts, medially rotates arm
47
supraspinatus
above (supra) the spine of the scapula (found deep to the trapezius); deltoid synergist; abducts arm; part of rotator cuff; prevents downward dislocation of the humerus
48
infraspinatus
below (infra) the spine of the scapula; laterally rotates and extends arm; part of rotator cuff
49
subscapularis
lies within the sub scapular fossa (depression on the deep surface of the scapula); medially rotates & extends arm; part of the rotator cuff
50
teres major
teres = long & round; connects scapula to humerus; medially rotates, extends & adducts arm
51
teres minor
like a slip off of the inferior aspect of the infraspinatus; laterally rotates, extends & adducts arm; part of rotator cuff
52
muscles that are part of rotator cuff
supraspinatus, infraspinatus, subscapularis & teres minor
53
large paired triangular (kite-shaped) muscle in upper back, extends head, elevates, stabilizes & depresses the scapula
trapezius
54
draws scapulae together (adducts them); rectangular shape
Rhomboideus major
55
draws scapulae together; smaller than rhomboideus major
Rhomboideus minor
56
"boxer muscle"; moves scapula forward toward chest wall; thrusts shoulder forward as when pushing something
serratus anterior
57
deep to pectorals major; fibers run vertically; depresses glenoid cavity (shoulder joint) & raises ribs #3-5
pectoralis minor
58
fan-shaped, thick muscle covering shoulder joint; commonly used for IM injections; major function to abduct arm; also flexes, extends & rotates arm
deltoid
59
prime mover of arm flexion;superficial muscle with fibers running horizontally across chest (fan shaped); also medially rotates arm
pectorals major
60
wide triangular muscle, pulls arm back in swimming, climbing, rowing; prime mover of arm extension: extends, adducts, medially rotates arm
latissimus dorsi
61
above (supra) the spine of the scapula (found deep to the trapezius); deltoid synergist; abducts arm; part of rotator cuff; prevents downward dislocation of the humerus
supraspinatus
62
below (infra) the spine of the scapula; laterally rotates and extends arm; part of rotator cuff
infraspinatus
63
lies within the sub scapular fossa (depression on the deep surface of the scapula); medially rotates & extends arm; part of the rotator cuff
subscapularis
64
teres = long & round; connects scapula to humerus; medially rotates, extends & adducts arm
teres major
65
like a slip off of the inferior aspect of the infraspinatus; laterally rotates, extends & adducts arm; part of rotator cuff
teres minor
66
biceps brachii
the muscle that bulges when you flex your forearm; "2-headed"; long and short tendons both originate on the scapula; rotates hand (supination of hand, as in turning a doorknob); flexes forearm (insertion is all the way down on the radius...ie muscle "crosses" two joints)
67
triceps brachii
muscle on the "back" of the arm; 3-headed; originates on both scapula and humorous; inserts all the way down on the olecranon process of the ulna; extends forearm (antagonist to biceps brachia)
68
brachialis
deep to biceps; major flexor of the forearm
69
brachioradialis
distal and most lateral forearm muscle; superficial; flexes forearm
70
supinator
wraps around radius; deepest proximal muscle of the forearm; supinates hand (acts with biceps)
71
flexors
as a group...these flex the hand and phalanges; are found on the "palm side" of the arm
72
extensors
as a group...these extend the hand and are found on the "back" of the hand
73
the muscle that bulges when you flex your forearm; "2-headed"; long and short tendons both originate on the scapula; rotates hand (supination of hand, as in turning a doorknob); flexes forearm (insertion is all the way down on the radius...ie muscle "crosses" two joints)
biceps brachii
74
muscle on the "back" of the arm; 3-headed; originates on both scapula and humorous; inserts all the way down on the olecranon process of the ulna; extends forearm (antagonist to biceps brachia)
triceps brachii
75
deep to biceps; major flexor of the forearm
brachialis
76
distal and most lateral forearm muscle; superficial; flexes forearm
brachioradialis
77
wraps around radius; deepest proximal muscle of the forearm; supinates hand (acts with biceps)
supinator
78
as a group...these flex the hand and phalanges; are found on the "palm side" of the arm
flexors
79
as a group...these extend the hand and are found on the "back" of the hand
extensors
80
iliopsoas
composite of iliac muscle and posts major muscle; strong hip flexor found deep within the pelvic musculature
81
sartorius
straplike superficial muscle running obliquely across the anterior surface of the thigh to the knee; allows you to sit cross-legged (sometimes called the "tailor's muscle"); flexes, abducts & laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee
82
gracilis
thin, straplike, superficial and medial; adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg in walking
83
pectineus
small, triangular muscle; proximal thigh; adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh
84
adductors
as a group, adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh at the hip; all originate on the pelvis and insert on the line aspera of the femur
85
adductor brevis
just under pectinous; shortest and deepest of the 3 "adductors", adducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially
86
adductor longus
middle "adductor"; adducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially
87
adductor magnus
largest, most distal "adductor"; adducts, extends and rotates thigh medially
88
composite of iliac muscle and posts major muscle; strong hip flexor found deep within the pelvic musculature
iliopsoas
89
straplike superficial muscle running obliquely across the anterior surface of the thigh to the knee; allows you to sit cross-legged (sometimes called the "tailor's muscle"); flexes, abducts & laterally rotates thigh, flexes knee
sartorius
90
thin, straplike, superficial and medial; adducts thigh; flexes and medially rotates leg in walking
gracilis
91
small, triangular muscle; proximal thigh; adducts, flexes and medially rotates thigh
pectineus
92
as a group, adduct and medially rotate and flex thigh at the hip; all originate on the pelvis and insert on the line aspera of the femur
adductors
93
just under pectinous; shortest and deepest of the 3 "adductors", adducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially
adductor brevis
94
middle "adductor"; adducts, flexes and rotates thigh medially
adductor longus
95
largest, most distal "adductor"; adducts, extends and rotates thigh medially
adductor magnus
96
tensor fascia latae
enclosed within fascia of the thigh, which blends into the iliotibial tract; is a synergist to the iliopsoas; flexes, abducts and medially rotates thigh
97
iliotibial tract
a thickened lateral portion of the tensor fascia late, which ensheathes all the muscles of the thigh; extends as a tendinous band from the iliac crest to the knee
98
quadriceps group
as a group...extend the knee; form the flesh of the anterior thigh and have a common insertion on the tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon; powerful leg extensors
99
rectus femoris
rectus=straight;; runs straight down the femur and is superficial;extends knee; only one of the 4 that also flexes the thigh at the hip (only one to cross the hip joint)
100
All vastus muscles are commonly used for injections
| True or False
True
101
vastus lateralis
most lateral; forms lateral aspect of thigh; extends and stabilizes knee
102
vastus intermedius
deep to rectus femurs and between the lateralis and medals; extends knee
103
vastus medialis
most medial; extends knee, stabilizes patella
104
enclosed within fascia of the thigh, which blends into the iliotibial tract; is a synergist to the iliopsoas; flexes, abducts and medially rotates thigh
tensor fascia latae
105
a thickened lateral portion of the tensor fascia late, which ensheathes all the muscles of the thigh; extends as a tendinous band from the iliac crest to the knee
iliotibial tract
106
as a group...extend the knee; form the flesh of the anterior thigh and have a common insertion on the tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon; powerful leg extensors
quadriceps group
107
rectus=straight;; runs straight down the femur and is superficial;extends knee; only one of the 4 that also flexes the thigh at the hip (only one to cross the hip joint)
rectus femoris
108
most lateral; forms lateral aspect of thigh; extends and stabilizes knee
vastus lateralis
109
deep to rectus femurs and between the lateralis and medals; extends knee
vastus intermedius
110
most medial; extends knee, stabilizes patella
vastus medialis
111
gluteals
as a group, abduct thigh; all originate on the iliac blade and insert on the femur
112
gluteus maximus
power extensor of the hip; largest muscle in the body; most superficial gluteal; used to raise the body from a sitting position; rotates thigh laterally and abducts thigh
113
gluteus medius
common injection site; partially covered by gluteus maximus; helps to support and maintain normal posture of the pelvis; rotates thigh medially, abducts thigh
114
gluteus minimus
smallest and deepest gluteal muscle; rotates thigh medially, abducts thigh
115
as a group, abduct thigh; all originate on the iliac blade and insert on the femur
gluteals
116
power extensor of the hip; largest muscle in the body; most superficial gluteal; used to raise the body from a sitting position; rotates thigh laterally and abducts thigh
gluteus maximus
117
common injection site; partially covered by gluteus maximus; helps to support and maintain normal posture of the pelvis; rotates thigh medially, abducts thigh
gluteus medius
118
smallest and deepest gluteal muscle; rotates thigh medially, abducts thigh
gluteus minimus
119
hamstrings
as a group, strong extensors of the hips; counteract the quadriceps group by stabilizing the knee; fleshy muscles of the posterior thigh; all originate at the ischial tuberosity; named from the common practice (years ago) of tying muscle tendons together to hand a slaughtered pig by
120
biceps femoris
2-headed; most lateral of the hamstrings; extends thigh, flexes knee, rotates leg laterally
121
semitendinosis
has a pencil-like distal tendon; extends thigh, flexes knee, rotates leg medially, superficial to semimembranosus
122
semimembranosus
flat, membranous distal tendon; deep to semitendinosis; extends thigh, flexes knee, rotates leg medially
123
as a group, strong extensors of the hips; counteract the quadriceps group by stabilizing the knee; fleshy muscles of the posterior thigh; all originate at the ischial tuberosity; named from the common practice (years ago) of tying muscle tendons together to hand a slaughtered pig by
hamstrings
124
2-headed; most lateral of the hamstrings; extends thigh, flexes knee, rotates leg laterally
biceps femoris
125
has a pencil-like distal tendon; extends thigh, flexes knee, rotates leg medially, superficial to semimembranosus
semitendinosis
126
flat, membranous distal tendon; deep to semitendinosis; extends thigh, flexes knee, rotates leg medially
semimembranosus
127
gastrocnemius
superficial, posterior compartment; has 2 prominent bellies; crosses knee joint; inserts on the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon; plantar flexes foot, flexes knee
128
soleus
deep to gastrocnemius; does not cross knee; planter flexes food (also inserts via Achilles tendon)
129
tibialis anterior
superficial muscle of anterior leg which runs parallel to the sharp anterior margin of the tibia; inserts medially; inverts foot, dorsiflexes foot
130
flexors
as a group...allow plantar flexes and curling of toes; on the "back" of the leg
131
extensors
as a group...allow dorsiflexion of the foot; on the "front" of the leg
132
superficial, posterior compartment; has 2 prominent bellies; crosses knee joint; inserts on the calcaneus via the Achilles tendon; plantar flexes foot, flexes knee
gastrocnemius
133
deep to gastrocnemius; does not cross knee; planter flexes food (also inserts via Achilles tendon)
soleus
134
superficial muscle of anterior leg which runs parallel to the sharp anterior margin of the tibia; inserts medially; inverts foot, dorsiflexes foot
tibialis anterior
135
as a group...allow plantar flexes and curling of toes; on the "back" of the leg
flexors
136
as a group...allow dorsiflexion of the foot; on the "front" of the leg
extensors
