muscles Flashcards
(203 cards)
1
Q
piriformis - origin
A
anterior surface of sacrum between anterior sacral foramina
2
Q
piriformis - insertion
A
medial side of superior border of greater trochanter
3
Q
piriformis - innervation
A
Branches from S1 and S2
4
Q
Piriformis - function
A
laterally rotates the extended femur at the hip, abducts flexed femur at the hip
5
Q
Obturator internus - origin
A
Anterolateral wall of true pelvis, surface of obturator membrane and surrounding bone
6
Q
Obturator internus - insertion
A
medial side of greater trochanter
7
Q
obturator internus - innervation
A
Nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
8
Q
Obturator internus - function
A
laterally rotates the extended femur at the hip, abducts flexed femur at the hip
9
Q
Gemellus superior - origin
A
external surface of ischial spine
10
Q
gemellus superior - insertion
A
along superior length of obturator internus tendon and mediaal side of the greater trochanter
11
Q
gemellus superior - innervation
A
nerve to obturator internus (L5, S1)
12
Q
gemellus superior - function
A
laterally rotates the extended femur at the hip, abducts flexed femur at the hip
13
Q
gemellus inferior - origin
A
upper aspect of ischial tuberosity
14
Q
gemellus inferior - insertion
A
along inferior length of obturator internus tendon and mediaal side of the greater trochanter
15
Q
gemellus inferior - innervation
A
nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
16
Q
gemellus inferior - function
A
laterally rotates the extended femur at the hip, abducts flexed femur at the hip
17
Q
quadratus femoris - origin
A
lateral aspect of ischium anterior to ischial tuberosity
18
Q
quadratus femoris - insertion
A
quadrate tubercle on the intertrochanteric crestof the proximal femur
19
Q
qudratus femoris - innervation
A
nerve to quadratus femoris (L5, S1)
20
Q
quadratus femoris - function
A
laterally rotates femur at the hip
21
Q
gluteus minimus - origin
A
external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines
22
Q
gluteus minimus - insertion
A
linear facet on the anterolateral aspect of the greater trochanter
23
Q
gluteus minimus - innervation
A
superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
24
Q
gluteus minimus - function
A
abducts femur at hip joint, holds pelvis secure when walking preventing pelvic drop, medially rotates thigh
25
gluteus medius - origin
external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines
26
gluteus medius - insertion
elongate facet on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter
27
gluteus medius - innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
28
gluteus medius - function
abducts femur at hip joint, holds pelvis secure when walking preventing pelvic drop, medially rotates thigh
29
gluteus maximus - origin
fascia over gluteus medius, external ilium behind posterior gluteal lin, dorsum of sacrum, lateral margin of coccyx, external sacrotuberous ligament
30
gluteus maximus - insertion
posterior aspect of iliotibial tract of fascia lataand gluteal tuberosity of the proximal femur
31
gluteus maximus - innervation
inferior gluteal nerve (L5, S1, S2)
32
gluteus maximus - function
powerful extensor of flexed femur at the hip, lateral stabiliser of the hip and knee joint, laterally rotates and abducts thigh
33
tensor fasciae latae - origin
lateral crest of ilium between ASIS and tubercle of crest
34
tensor fasciae latae - insertion
iliotibial tract of fascia lata
35
tensor fasciae latae - innervation
superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, S1)
36
tensor fasciae latae - function
stabilses the knee in extension
37
psoas major - origin
lumbar transverse processes, intervertebral discs, and adjacent bodies from T12 to L5
38
psoas major - insertion
lesser trochanter
39
psoas major - innervation
anterior rami L1,2,3
40
psoas major - function
flexes the thigh at the hip
41
iliacus - origin
iliac fossa
42
iliacus - insertion
lesser trochanter
43
iliacus - innervation
femoral nerve (L2,3)
44
iliacus - function
flexes thigh at the hip
45
vastsus medialis - origin
femur - medial intertrochanteric line, pectineal line, medial lip of linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
46
vastsus medialis - insertion
quad fem tendon and medial border of patella
47
vastsus medialis - innervation
femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
48
vastus medialis - function
extends the leg at the knee
49
vastsus intermedius - origin
femur - upper 2/3 of anterior and lateral surface
50
vastsus intermedius - insertion
quad fem tendon lateral patella, lateral condyle
51
vastsus intermedius - innervation
femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
52
vastsus intermedius - function
extends the leg at the knee
53
vastsus lateralis - origin
femur - lateral intertrochanter line, margin of greater trochanter, lateral gluteal tuberosity, lateral linea aspera
54
vastsus lateralis - insertion
quad fem tendon and lateral patella
55
vastsus lateralis - innervation
femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
56
vastsus lateralis - function
extends the leg at the knee
57
rectus femoris - origin
reflected head- ilium superior to acetabulum
| straight head - AIIS
58
rectus femoris - insertion
quad fem tendon
59
rectus femoris - innervation
femoral nerve (L2,3,4)
60
rectus femoris - function
flexes the thigh at the hip and extends the leg at the knee
61
sartorius - origin
ASIS
62
sartorius - insertion
medial tibia inferomedial to tibial tuberosity
63
sartorius - innervation
femoral nerve L2,3
64
sartorius - function
flexes the thigh at the hip and flexes the leg at the knee
65
gracilis - origin
body of the pubis, inferior pubic ramus, ramus of ischium
66
gracilis - insertion
medial shaft of proximal tibia
67
gracilis - innervation
obturator nerve (L2,3)
68
gracilis - function
adducts thigh at the hip, flexes leg at the knee
69
pectineus - origin
pectineal line and adjacent pelvis
70
pectineus - insertion
oblique line from lesser trochanter to linea aspera on posterior proximal femur
71
pectineus - innnervation
femoral nerve L2,3
72
pectineus - function
adducts and flexes the thigh at the hip
73
adductor longus - origin
body of pubis - lateral to pubic symphysis and inferior to pubic crest
74
adductor longus - insertion
linea aspera - middle 1/3
75
adductor longus - innervation
obturator nerve (anterior rami) L2,3,4
76
adductor llongus - function
adducts and medially rotates thigh at the hip
77
adductor brevis - origin
body of pubis and inferior pubic ramus
78
adductor brevis - insertion
posterior proximal femur and upper 1/3 of linea aspera
79
adductor brevis - function
adducts and medially rotates thigh at the hip
80
adductor brevis - innervation
obturator nerve L2,3
81
adductor magnus (adductor part) - origin
ischiopubic ramus
82
adductor magnus (adductor part) - insertion
posterior proximal femur, linea aspera, medial supracondylar line
83
adductor magnus (adductor part) - innervation
obturator nerve L2,3,4
84
adductor magnus (adductor part) - function
adducts and medially rotates thigh at the hip
85
adductor magnus (hamstring part) - origin
ischial tuberosity
86
adductor magnus (hamstring part) - insertion
adductor tubercle and supracondylar line
87
adductor magnus (hamstring part) - innervation
sciatic nerve - tibial division L2,3,4
88
obturator externus - origin
external obturator membrane and adjacent bone
89
obturator externus - insertion
trochanteric fossa
90
obturator externus - innervation
obturator nerve (posterior division) L3,4
91
obturator externus - function
laterally rotates thigh at the hip
92
biceps femoris - origin
long head - inferomedial part of upper ischial tuberosity
| short head - lateral lip of linea aspera
93
biceps femoris - insertion
head of fibula
94
biceps femoris - innervation
sciatic nerve L5, S1,2
95
biceps femoris - function
flexes leg at knee, extends and laterally rotates thigh at hip, laterally roates leg at knee
96
semitendinosus - origin
inferomedial part of upper ischial tuberosity
97
semitendinosus - insertion
medial proximal tibia
98
semitendinosus - innervation
sciatic nerve L5, S1,2
99
semitendinosus - function
flexes knee joint, extends thigh at hip, medially rotates thigh at hip and leg at knee
100
semimembranosus - origin
superolateral ischial tuberosity
101
semimembranosus - insertion
medial and posterior surface of medial tibial condyle
102
semimembranosus - innervation
sciatic nerve L5, S1,2
103
semimembranosus - function
flexes knee joint, extends thigh at hip, medially rotates thigh at hip and leg at knee
104
gastrocnemius - origin
medial head - posterior distal femur superior to medial condyle
lateral head - posterolateral surface of lateral femoral condyle
105
gastrocnemius - insertion
calcaneal tendon to posterior calcaneus
106
gastrocnemius - innervation
tibial nerve S1,2
107
gastrocnemius - function
plantar flexion of the foot and flexes knee
108
plantaris - origin
inferior part of lateral supracondylar line and oblique popliteal ligament
109
plantaris - insertion
calcaneal tendon
110
plantaris - innervation
tibial nerve S1,2
111
plantaris - function
plantar flexes foot and flexes knee
112
soleus - origin
soleal line and medial border of tibia, posterior fibular head, neck and proximal shaft
113
soleus - insertion
calcaneal tendon
114
soleus - innervation
tibial nerve S1,2
115
soleus - function
plantarflexes the foot
116
popliteus - origin
lateral femoral condyle
117
popliteus - insertion
posterior proximal tibia
118
popliteus - innervation
tibial nerve L4,5, S1
119
polpliteus - function
stabilizes knee joint and unlocks the knee
120
flexor hallicus longus - origin
posterior fibula and interosseus membrane
121
flexor hallicus longus - insertion
plantar surface of distal phalanx of great toe
122
flexor hallicus longus - innervation
tibial nerve S2,3
123
flexor hallicus longus - function
flexes great toe
124
flexor digitorum longus - origin
medial side of posterior tibia
125
flexor digitorum longus - insertion
plantar surface of base of distal phalanges of lateral 4 toes
126
flexor digitorum longus - innervation
tibial nerve S2,3
127
flexor digitorum longus - function
flexes lateral 4 toes
128
tibialis posterior - origin
posterior interosseous membrane and adjacent tibia and fibula
129
tibialis posterior - insertion
tuberosity of navicular and medial cuneiform
130
tibialis posterior - innervation
tibial nerve L4,5
131
tibialis posterior - function
inversion and plantarflexion of foot, supports medial arch of foot in walking
132
fibularis longus - origin
upper lateral fibula
133
fibularis longus - insertion
underside of base of metatarsal 1
134
fibularis longus - innervation
superficial fibular nerve L5, S1,2
135
fibularis longus - function
eversion and plantarflexion
136
fibularis brevis - origin
lower 2/3 lateral shaft of fibula
137
fibularis brevis - insertion
lateral tubercle at base of metatarsal 5
138
fibularis brevis - innervation
superficial fibular nerve L5, S1,2
139
fibularis brevis - function
eversion of the foot
140
tibialis anterior - origin
lateral tibia and interosseous membrane
141
tibialis anterior - insertion
medial cuneiform and base of metatarsal 1
142
tibialis anterior - innervation
deep fibular nerve L4,5
143
tibialis anterior - function
dorsiflexion, inversion, supports medial foot
144
extensor hallucis longus - origin
middle 1/2 of medial fibula and interosseous membrane
145
extensor hallucis longus - insertion
dorsal base of distal phalanx of great toe
146
extensor hallucis longus - innervation
deep fibular nerve L5, S1
147
extensor hallucis longus - function
extends great toe and dorsiflexion of foot
148
extensor digitorum longus - origin
proximal 1/2 of medial fibula and lateral tibial condyle
149
extensor digitorum longus - insertion
dorsal digital expansion - into bases of distal and middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes
150
extensor digitorum longus - innervation
deep fibular nerve L5, S1
151
extensor digitorum longus - function
extension of lateral 4 toes and dorsiflexion
152
fibularis tertius - origin
distal medial fibula
153
fibularis tertius - insertion
dorsomedial base of metatarsal 5
154
fibularis tertius - innervation
deep fibular nerve L5, S1
155
fibularis tertius - function
dorsiflexion and eversion
156
extensor digitorum brevis - origin
superolateral calcaneus
157
extensor digitorum brevis - insertion
lateral sides of extensor digitorum longus tendon of toes 2 - 4
158
extensor digitorum brevis - innervation
deep fibular nerve S1,2
159
extensor digitorum brevis - function
extends toes 2-4
160
extensor hallucis brevis - origin
superolateral calcaneus
161
extensor hallucis brevis - insertion
base of proximal phalanx of great toe
162
extensor hallucis brevis - innervation
deep fibular nerve S1,2
163
extensor hallucis brevis - function
extension of metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe
164
Abductor hallucis - origin
medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
165
Abductor hallucis - insertion
medial base of proximal pahalax of great toe
166
Abductor hallucis - innervation
medial plantar nerve (from tibial nerve) S1,2,3
167
Abductor hallucis - function
abducts aand flexes great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
168
flexor digitorum brevis - origin
medial process of calcaneal tuberosity and plantar aponeurosis
169
flexor digitorum brevis - insertion
sides of plantar surface of middle phalanges of lateral 4 toes
170
flexor digitorum brevis - innervation
medial plantar nerve (from tibial nerve) S1,2,3
171
flexor digitorum brevis - function
flexes lateral 4 toes at proximal interphalangeal joint
172
abductor digiti minimi - origin
lateral and medial process of calcaneal tuberosity
173
abductor digiti minimi - insertion
lateral base of proximal phalanx of little toe
174
abductor digiti minimi - innervation
lateral plantar nerve (from tibial nerve) S1,2,3
175
abductor digiti minimi - function
abducts little tooe at metatarsophalangeal joint
176
quadratus plantae - origin
medial calcaneus and lateral calcaneal tuberosity
177
quadratus plantae - insertion
lateral side of tendon of flexor digitorum longus
178
quadratus plantae - innervation
lateral plantar nerve (from tibial nerve) S1,2,3
179
quadratus plantae - function
flexes toes 2-5
180
lumbricals - origin
1st - medial side of tendon of flexor digitorum longusassociated with toe 2
2nd 3rd 4th - adjacent tendons of flexor digitorum longus (both sides)
181
lumbricals - insertion
medial free margins of extensor hood toes 2-4
182
lumbricals - innervation
1st - medial plantar nerve (S1,2,3)
| 2nd 3rd 4th - lateral plantar nerve (S2,3)
183
lumbricals - function
flexion of metatarsophalangeal joint and extension of interphalangeal joint
184
flexor hallucis brevis - origin
plantar surface of cuboid and lateral cuneiform, tendon of tibialis posterior
185
flexor hallucis brevis - insertion
lateral and medial sides of base of proximal phalanx of great toe
186
flexor hallucis brevis - innervation
medial plantar nerve S1,2
187
flexor hallucis brevis - function
flex metatarsophalangeal joint of great toe
188
adductor hallucis - origin
transverse head - ligaments of metatarsophalangeal joint of lateral 3 toes
oblique head - base of metatarsal 2-4
189
adductor hallucis - insertion
lateral base of proximal phalanx of great toe
190
adductor hallucis - innervation
lateral plantar nerve S2,3
191
adductor hallucis - function
adducts great toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
192
flexor digiti minimi brevis - origin
base of metatarsal 5
193
flexor digiti minimi brevis - insertion
lateral base of proximal phalanx of little toe
194
flexor digiti minimi brevis - innervation
lateral plantar nerve S2,3
195
flexor digiti minimi brevis - function
flexes little toe at metatarsophalangeal joint
196
dorsal interossei - origin
sides of adjacent metatarsals
197
dorsal interossei - insertion
extensor hood and bases of proximal phalanges of toes 2-4
198
dorsal interossei - innervation
lateral plantar nerve ( 1st and 2nd - also by deep fibular nerve S2,3)
199
dorsal interossei - function
abduct toes 2-4 at metatarsophalangeal joint
200
plantar interossei - origin
medial side of metatarsals 3-5
201
plantar interossei - insertion
extensor hoods and bases of proximal phalanges of toes 3-5
202
plantar interossei - innervation
lateral plantar nerve S2,3
203
plantar interossei - function
adduct toes 3-5 at metatarsophalangeal joint
