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Fundamentals Of Human Movement > Muscles > Flashcards

Flashcards in Muscles Deck (28)
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1
Q

Biceps- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A
Origin- Scapula
Insertion- Radius
Joints crossed- Elbow and Shoulder
Joint action- Flexes the elbow, Supinates the forearm
and Weak flexion of the shoulder
2
Q

Brachialis- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Humerus
Insertion- Ulna
Joint crossed- Elbow
Joint action-True Flexion of elbow

3
Q

Triceps brachii- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Scapula and humerus
Insertion- Ulna
Joints crossed- Elbow and shoulder
Joint action- Extension of the elbow, Long head extension of the shoulder

4
Q

Deltoid- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Clavicle and scapula
Insertion - Humerus
Joint crossed- Shoulder
Joint action- Abducts the arm, assists in shoulder rotation (internal and external), flexion and extension

5
Q

Latissimus dorsi- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A
Origin- Lumbar and sacral vertebrae,
thoracic vertebrae, crest of the ilium
Insertion- Humerus
Joint crossed- Shoulder
Joint action- Adducts, extends and inwardly rotates the shoulder
6
Q

Trapezius- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Base of Skull, All thoracic vertebrae
Insertion- Clavicle and scapula
Joint crossed- Shoulder girdle
Joint actions- Upper fibres extend the neck, Middle fibres retract the scapula, Lower fibres depress the scapula

7
Q

Rhomboid- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Spinous processes of cervical and thoracic vertebrae
Insertion- Medial border of scapula
Joint crossed- Shoulder girdle (moves scapula relative to rib cage)
Joint actions- Retracts scapula, Downwardly rotates scapula (works as a synergist with Rhomboid minor)

8
Q

erector spinae- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Sacrum , Ilium to thorax
Insertion- Ribs, vertebrae, to occipital bone (base of skull)
Joints crossed- Vertebrae
Joint action- Extends the spine rotates the thoracic spine

9
Q

Pectoralis major- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Clavicle and sternum
Insertion- Humerus
Joint crossed- Shoulder
Joint action- Horizontal flexion, Adduction and inward rotation of the arm

10
Q

transverse abdominus- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Iliac crest, lumbar fascia and cartilage of inferior six ribs
Insertion- Xiphoid process, Linea alba and pubis
Joint crossed- Lumbar vertebrae
Joint action- Forced expiration, Compress the abdominal wall

11
Q

Rectus Abdominus- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Pubis
Insertion- Ribs
Joints crossed- Lumbar and thoracic vertebrae
Joint action- Flexes the thoracic and lumbar spine

12
Q

External obliques- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin-Lower ribs
Insertion- Ilium
Joints crossed- Vertebrae
Joint action - Laterally flexes the thoracic spine

13
Q

Internal obliques- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Ilium
Insertion- Lower ribs
Joint crossed- Vertebrae
Joint action -Laterally flexes the thoracic spine, Rotates the thoracic spine

14
Q

Iliopsoas (Hip Flexors)- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- All lumbar vertebrae and ilium
Insertion- Femur (Lesser Trochanter)
Joint crossed- Hip
Joint action- Flexes the hip

15
Q

Adductors- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Pubis and ischium
Insertion- Femur
Joint crossed- Hip
Joint action- Adducts and outwardly rotates the hip

16
Q

Quadriceps- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Femur and Ilium
Insertion-Tibia (via patella tendon)
Joints crossed- Knee and hip (rectus femoris is the only quadricep to cross both hip and knee joints)
Joint action-All four muscles extend the knee, The rectus femoris also flexes the hip

17
Q

Anterior tibialis- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Tibia
Insertion- First metatarsal
Joint crossed - Ankle
Joint action- Ankle dorsiflexion

18
Q

Gluteals- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Ilium and sacrum (Gluteus maximus only)
Insertion- Femur
Joint crossed- Hip
Joint action- Gluteus maximus, Extends and outwardly rotates the hip, Gluteus minimus and medius, Abducts and inwardly rotates the hip

19
Q

Hamstrings- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Ischium
Insertion- Tibia and fibula
Joints crossed - Hip and knee
Joint action- Knee flexion, Hip extension

20
Q

Gastrocnemius- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Femur
Insertion- Calcaneus
Joints crossed- Ankle and knee
Joint action- Ankle plantarflexion, Assists in knee flexion

21
Q

Soleus- origin, insertion, joints crossed and joint action

A

Origin- Fibula and tibia
Insertion- Calcaneus
Joint crossed- Ankle
Joint action- Ankle plantarflexion

22
Q

Function of muscle tissues

A
Produce body movements
Stabilise body positions
Heat production
Moving substances within the body
Regulating organ volume
23
Q

4 types of connective tissue

A

epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium and deep fascia

24
Q

Description of epimysium

A

surrounds the individual skeletal muscle (i.e. “overcoat” of the muscle)
extension of deep fascia

25
Q

Description of Perimysium

A

surrounds the fasciculus or muscle bundle

26
Q

Description of Endomysium

A

surrounds the individual skeletal muscle fibre

27
Q

Description of deep fascia

A

surrounds whole muscle groups
connects different whole muscle groups
carries nerves and blood vessels

28
Q

Description of myofibrils

A

vary in number from 100 to several thousand in one muscle cell
Myofibrils occupy 80% of the sarcoplasm
Myofibrils are made up of sarcomeres, the smallest functional units of a muscle