Muscles Flashcards
(200 cards)
1
Q
Trapezius-O
A
Occipital bone, ligamentum nuchae from CI to CVII vertebrae, spine of CVII vertebra, spines of all thoracic vertebrae
2
Q
Trapezius-I
A
Upper fibers into the lateral third of clavicle, while middle and lower fibers into acromion and spine of scapula, such forming a continuous U-shaped line of attachment oriented in the horizontal plane
3
Q
Trapezius-N
A
Spinal part of accessory nerve
motor), C3 and C4 (sensory
4
Q
Trapezius-A
A
Powerful elevator of the shoulder (upper fibers); rotates the scapula to extend the reach superiorly (middle fibers); pulls medial border of scapula downward (lower fibers)
5
Q
Deltoid-O
A
Lateral third of clavicle,
acromion and spine of scapula,
such mirroring the adjacent Ushaped insertion sites of
trapezius
6
Q
Deltoid-I
A
Deltoid tuberosity on the lateral
surface of the shaft of the
humerus
7
Q
Deltoid-N
A
Axillary nerve
8
Q
Deltoid-A
A
Flexes and medially rotates the arm (anterior part); abducts the arm beyond the initial 15o from the supraspinatus muscle (medial part); extends and laterally rotates the arm (posterior part)
9
Q
Levator Scapulae -O
A
Transverse processes of CI to
CIV vertebrae
10
Q
Levator Scapulae- I
A
Posterior surface of the medial border of the scapula from the superior angle to the smooth triangular area at the root of scapular spine
11
Q
Levator Scapulae-N
A
Dorsal scapular nerve, C3 and
C4
12
Q
Levator Scapulae-A
A
Elevates the medial border of
the scapula
13
Q
Rhomboid Minor-O
A
Lower end of the ligamentum
nuchae and spines of CVII and TI
vertebrae
14
Q
Rhomboid Minor-I
A
Posterior surface of the medial
border of the scapula on the
smooth triangular area at the
root of scapular spine
15
Q
Rhomboid Minor-N
A
Dorsal scapular nerve, C3 and
C4
16
Q
Rhomboid Minor-A
A
Retracts and elevates the
medial border of scapula
17
Q
Rhomboid Major-O
A
Spines of TII to TV, intervening
supraspinatus ligaments
18
Q
Rhomboid Major-I
A
Posterior surface of the medial
border of the scapula from the
insertion of rhomboid minor to
the inferior angle
19
Q
Rhomboid Major-N
A
Dorsal scapular nerve, C3 and
C4
20
Q
Rhomboid Major-A
A
Retracts and elevates the
medial border of scapula
21
Q
Supraspinatus-O
A
Supraspinous fossa of scapula;
tendon passing under the
acromion and over the
glenohumeral joint
22
Q
Supraspinatus-I
A
Greater tuberosity of humerus;
capsule of shoulder joint
23
Q
Supraspinatus-N
A
Suprascapular nerve
24
Q
Supraspinatus-A
A
Abducts the arm and stabilizes
the shoulder joint
25
Infraspinatous-O
Infraspinatous fossa; tendon
passing posterior the
glenohumeral joint
26
Infraspinatous-I
Greater tuberosity of humerus;
| capsule of shoulder joint
27
Infraspinatous-N
Suprascapular nerve
28
Infraspinatous-A
Laterally rotates the arm and
| stabilizes the shoulder joint
29
Teres Minor-O
Upper two thirds of lateral
border of scapula below the
infraglenoid tuberosity
30
Teres Minor-I
Inferio facet of greater
tuberosity of humerus; capsule
of shoulder joint
31
Teres Minor-N
Axillary nerve
32
Teres Minor-A
Laterally rotates the arm and
| stabilizes the shoulder joint
33
Teres Major-O
Lower third of lateral border of
| scapula to the inferior angle
34
Teres Major-I
Medial lip of the bicipital groove
at the anterior surface of the
humerus
35
Teres Major-N
Lower subscapular nerve
36
Teres Major-A
Medially rotates and extends
| the arm
37
Pectoralis Major-O
```
Clavicular head: medial half of
the clavicle; sternocostal head:
medial part of the anterior
thoracic wall (sternum and
upper six costal cartilages)
```
38
Pectoralis Major-I
Lateral lip of the bicipital groove
| of the humerus
39
Pectoralis Major-N
Lateral and medial pectoral
| nerves
40
Pectoralis Major-A
```
Flexes, adducts and medially
rotates the arm at the
glenohumeral joint; clavicular
head flexes the arm from an
extended position; sternocostal
head extends the arm from a
flexed position, particularly
against resistance
```
41
Pectoralis Minor -O
Anterior surfaces and upper
| margins of ribs 3 to 5
42
Pectoralis Minor -I
Medial and upper aspects of the
| coracoid process of scapula
43
Pectoralis Minor -N
Medial pectoral nerve
44
Pectoralis Minor -A
Protracts the scapula by pulling
the scapula anteriorly on the
thoracic wall; depresses the
lateral angle of scapula
45
Subclavius-O
Junction between rib 1 and its
| costal cartilage
46
Subclavius-I
Elongated shallow groove on
the inferior surface of the
middle third of the clavicle
47
Subclavius-N
Nerve to subclavius from the
superior trunk of the brachial
plexus
48
Subclavius-A
```
Pulls the shoulder down by
depressing the clavicle;
stabilizes the sternoclavicular
joint by pulling the clavicle
medially
```
49
Serratus Anterior-O
Lateral surfaces of ribs 1 and 9
50
Serratus Anterior-I
Costal surface of the medial
border and inferior angle of the
scapula
51
Serratus Anterior-N
Long thoracic nerve
52
Serratus Anterior-A
```
Pulls the scapula forward over
the thoracic wall; facilitates
scapular rotation; keeps the
costal surface of the scapula
closely opposed to the thoracic
wall
```
53
Latissimus Dorsi-O
Iliac crest, lumbar fascia, spines
of TVII to TXII, lower three to
four ribs, inferior angle of
scapula
54
Latissimus Dorsi-I
Floor of bicipital groove of
| humerus
55
Latissimus Dorsi-N
Thoracodorsal nerve
56
Latissimus Dorsi-A
Extends, adducts, and medially
| rotates the arm
57
Subscapularis-O
Subscapular fossa
58
Subscapularis-I
Lesser tuberosity of the
humerus; tendon crosses
immediately anterior the joint
capsule of glenohumeral joint
59
Subscapularis-N
Superior and inferior
| subscapular nerves
60
Subscapularis-A
Medially rotates the arm and
| stabilizes the shoulder joint
61
Coracobrachialis-O
Medial side of the midshaft of
| the humerus
62
Coracobrachialis-I
Tip of the coracoid process of
| the scapula
63
Coracobrachialis-N
Musculocutaneous nerve
64
Coracobrachialis-A
Flexes and weakly adducts the
| arm
65
Biceps Brachii-O
```
Short head: coracoid process of
the scapula; long head:
supraglenoid tubercle of the
scapula with tendon passing
through the glenohumeral joint
superior to humeral head, then
through the bicipital groove as it
enters the arm
```
66
Biceps Brachii-I
```
Long and short head converge
over the brachialis muscle and
inserts to the radial tuberosity
of the radius and bicipital
aponeurosis into deep fascia of
forearm
```
67
Biceps Brachii-N
Musculocutaneous nerve
68
Biceps Brachii-A
```
Supinates the forearm when the
elbow is flexed; flexes the
forearm at the elbow joints;
weakly flexes the glenohumeral
joint
```
69
Brachialis -O
Distal half of the anterior aspect
| of the humerus
70
Brachialis -I
Flattened dorsoventrally and
inserts to the tuberosity of the
ulna
71
Brachialis -N
Predominant medial part:
musculocutaneous nerve; small
lateral part: radial nerve
72
Brachialis -A
Flexes the forearm at the elbow
| joint
73
Triceps Brachii-O
```
Long head: infraglenoid tubercle
of the scapula; medial head:
extensive area on the shaft of
the humerus inferior to the
radial groove; lateral head:
linear roughening superior to
the radial groove of the
humerus
```
74
Triceps Brachii-I
Three heads converge and
inserts on the superior surface
of the olecranon of the ulna
75
Triceps Brachii-N
Radial nerve
76
Triceps Brachii-A
Extends the forearm
77
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-O
```
Humeral head: medial
epicondyle of the humerus,
ulnar head: medial aspect of the
olecranon and posterior border
of the ulna
```
78
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-I
Pisiform bone, hook of the
| hamate, base at metacarpal 5
79
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-N
Ulnar nerve
80
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris-A
Flexes and adducts the hand at
| the wrist joint
81
Palmaris longus-O
Medial epicondyle of humerus
82
Palmaris longus-I
Flexor retinaculum and palmar
| aponeurosis
83
Palmaris longus-N
Median nerve
84
Palmaris longus-A
Flexes the hand at the wrist
joint; opposes shearing forces
on the skin of the palm during
gripping
85
Flexor Carpi Radialis-O
Medial epicondyle of humerus
86
Flexor Carpi Radialis-I
Anterior surfaces of the bases of
| metacarpals 2 and 3
87
Flexor Carpi Radialis-N
Median nerve
88
Flexor Carpi Radialis-A
Flexes and abducts the hand at
| the wrist joint
89
Pronator Teres-O
Humeral head: medial
epicondyle of the humerus,
ulnar head: medial border of
the coronoid process
90
Pronator Teres-I
Lateral aspect of the midshaft of
| the radius
91
Pronator Teres-N
Median nerve
92
Pronator Teres-A
Forms the medial border of the
cubital fossa; rotates the radius
over the ulna during pronation
93
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-O
```
Humero-ulnar head: medial
epicondyle of the humerus and
medial edge of the coronoid
process of the ulna; radial head:
anterior oblique line of the
radius
```
94
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-I
```
Tendons split into two near the
base of proximal phalanx
passing dorsally around the
tendons of flexor digitorum
profundus, and ultimately
inserts to the margins of the
middle phalanx
```
95
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-N
Median nerve
96
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis-A
```
Flexes the middle phalanx at the
metacarpophalangeal joints;
assists in flexing the phalanx at
the proximal interphalangeal
joints and the hand at the wrist
joint
```
97
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Anteromedial surface of the
shaft of the ulna and adjacent
half of the anterior surface of
the inreosseous membrane
98
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
```
Tendons pass through the split
formed by the tendons of flexor
digitorum superficialis and
distally inserts to the anterior
surface of the distal phalanges
of the medial four fingers
```
99
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
Medial half: ulnar nerve; lateral
half: anterior interosseous
nerve from the median nerve
100
Flexor Digitorum Profundus
```
Flexes the distal phalanx at the
distal interphalangeal joints;
assists in flexing the middle and
proximal phalanges at the
proximal interphalangeal and
metacarpophalangeal joints and
the hand at the wrist joint
```
101
Flexor Pollicis Longus-O
Anterior surface of the shaft of
the radius and adjacent half of
the anterior surface of the
inreosseous membrane
102
Flexor Pollicis Longus-I
Base of the distal phalanx of the
| thumb
103
Flexor Pollicis Longus-N
Anterior interosseous nerve
| from the median nerve
104
Flexor Pollicis Longus-A
Flexes the thumb
105
Pronator Quadratus-O
Linear ridge at the anterior
surface of the lower end of the
ulna
106
Pronator Quadratus-I
Flat anterior surface of the
| radius
107
Pronator Quadratus-N
Anterior interosseous nerve
| from the median nerve
108
Pronator Quadratus-A
Pulls the distal end of the radius
anteriorly over the ulna during
pronation
109
Brachioradialis-O
Proximal part of the lateral
supraepicondylar ridge of the
humerus
110
Brachioradialis-I
Lateral side of the distal end of
the radius immediately proximal
to the styloid process of the
radius
111
Brachioradialis-N
Radial nerve
112
Brachioradialis-A
Flexes the forearm at the elbow
joint; rotates the forearm to the
midprone position
113
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-O
Distal part of the lateral
supraepicondylar ridge and
lateral epicondyle of the
humerus
114
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-I
Dorsal surface of the base of
| metacarpal 2
115
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-N
Radial nerve
116
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus-A
Extends and abducts the hand
| at the wrist joint
117
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -O
Lateral epicondyle of the
| humerus
118
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -I
Adjacent dorsal surfaces of the
| bases of metacarpals 2 and 3
119
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
120
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis -A
Extends and abducts the hand
| at the wrist joint
121
Extensor Digitorum-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
| humerus
122
Extensor Digitorum-I
```
Base of the dorsal surfaces of
the middle and distal phalanges
via a triangular connective
tissue aponeurosis (extensor
hood)
```
123
Extensor Digitorum-N
Posterior interosseous nerve
from the deep branch of the
radial nerve
124
Extensor Digitorum-A
Extends the phalanges and
| hands
125
Extensor Digiti Minimi-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
| humerus
126
Extensor Digiti Minimi-I
Extensor expansion of the little
| finger
127
Extensor Digiti Minimi-N
Posterior interosseous nerve
from the deep branch of the
radial nerve
128
Extensor Digiti Minimi-A
Extends the little finger at the
| metacarpophalangeal joint
129
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
| humerus
130
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-I
Medial side of the base of
| metacarpal 5
131
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-N
Posterior interosseous nerve
from the deep branch of the
radial nerve
132
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris-A
Extends and abducts the hand
| at the wrist joint
133
Anconeus-O
Lateral epicondyle of the
| humerus
134
Anconeus-I
Posterolateral surface of
olecranon and posterior surface
of the ulna
135
Anconeus-N
Radial nerve
136
Anconeus-A
Abducts the ulna during
pronation; accessory extensor
muscle of the elbow joint
137
Supinator-O
```
Humeral (superficial) head:
Lateral epicondyle of the
humerus and annular ligament
of proximal radioulnar joint;
ulnar (deep) head: supinator
crest at the posterolateral
surface of the ulna
```
138
Supinator-I
Neck and shaft of the radius
139
Supinator-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
140
Supinator-A
Supinates the forearm and
| hands
141
Abductor Pollicis Longus-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the radius and interosseous
membrane
142
Abductor Pollicis Longus-I
Lateral side of the base of
| metacarpal 1
143
Abductor Pollicis Longus-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
144
Abductor Pollicis Longus-A
Abducts and extends the thumb
at the joint between trapezium
and metacarpal 1
145
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the radius and interosseous
membrane
146
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-I
Dorsal surface of the proximal
| phalanx of the thumb
147
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
148
Extensor Pollicis Brevis-A
Extends the
metacarpophalangeal joints of
the thumb
149
Extensor Pollicis Longus-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the ulna and interosseous
membrane
150
Extensor Pollicis Longus-I
Dorsal surface of the distal
| phalanx of the thumb
151
Extensor Pollicis Longus-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
152
Extensor Pollicis Longus-A
Extends all the joints in the
| thumb
153
Extensor Indicis-O
Posterior surface of the shaft of
the ulna and interosseous
membrane
154
Extensor Indicis-I
Extensor expansion of the index
finger, through the extensor
hood
155
Extensor Indicis-N
Deep branch of the radial nerve
156
Extensor Indicis-A
Extends the
metacarpophalangeal joints of
the index finger
157
Palmaris Brevis-O
Flexor retinaculum, palmar
| aponeurosis
158
Palmaris Brevis-I
Skin of palm
159
Palmaris Brevis-N
Superficial branch of ulnar
| nerve
160
Palmaris Brevis-A
Corrugates skin to improve grip
| of palm
161
Lumbricals (4)-O
Tendons of flexor digitorum
| profundus
162
Lumbricals (4)-I
Extensor expansion of the
| medial four fingers
163
Lumbricals (4)-N
Lateral two: median nerve;
medial two: deep branch of
ulnar nerve
164
Lumbricals (4)-A
Flex the MCP joints and extend
IP joints of the fingers except
the thumb
165
Palmar Interossei (4)-O
First arises from the base of
metacarpal 1; remaining three
from the anterior surface of the
shafts of metacarpals 2, 4 and 5
166
Palmar Interossei (4)-I
Proximal phalanges of the
thumb and index, ring and little
fingers and dorsal extensor
expansion of each fingers
167
Palmar Interossei (4)-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
168
Palmar Interossei (4)-A
Adducts fingers toward the
center of middle finger;
complex flexion and extension
of digits
169
Dorsal Interossei (4)-O
Contiguous sides of the shafts of
| metacarpals
170
Dorsal Interossei (4)-I
Proximal phalanges of index,
middle and ring fingers and
dorsal extensor expansion
171
Dorsal Interossei (4)-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
172
Dorsal Interossei (4)-A
Abducts fingers from the center
of middle finger; flexion of MCP
joints; extension of IP joints
173
Adductor Pollicis-O
```
Transverse head: anterior
aspect of the shaft of
metacarpal 3; oblique head:
capitate and bases of
metacarpal 2 and 3
```
174
Adductor Pollicis-I
Medial side of the base of
| proximal phalanx of the thumb
175
Adductor Pollicis-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
176
Adductor Pollicis-A
Adducts the thumb; opposes
the thumb to the rest of the
fingers when gripping
177
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-O
Flexor retinaculum and tubercle
| of trapezium
178
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-I
Lateral side of the base of the
| proximal phalanx of the thumb
179
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-N
Median nerve
180
Flexor Pollicis Brevis-A
Flexes the thumb
181
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-O
Flexor retinaculum and
tubercles of trapezium and
scaphoid
182
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-I
Lateral side of the base of the
| proximal phalanx of the thumb
183
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-N
Median nerve
184
Abductor Pollicis Brevis-A
Abducts the thumb
185
Opponens Pollicis-O
Flexor retinaculum and tubercle
| of trapezium
186
Opponens Pollicis-I
Shaft of metacarpal 1
187
Opponens Pollicis-N
Median nerve
188
Opponens Pollicis-A
Rotates and flexes metacarpal 1
on the trapezium to pull the
thumb medially and forward
across the palm
189
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -O
Flexor retinaculum and hook of
| hamate
190
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -I
Lateral side of the base of the
proximal phalanx of the little
finger
191
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
192
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis -A
Flexes the little finger
193
Abductor Digiti Minimi-O
Pisiform bone, pisohamate
ligament and tendon of flexor
carpi ulnaris
194
Abductor Digiti Minimi-I
Medial side of the base of the
proximal phalanx of the little
finger
195
Abductor Digiti Minimi-N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
196
Abductor Digiti Minimi-A
Abducts the little finger
197
Opponens Digiti Minimi -O
Flexor retinaculum and hook of
| hamate
198
Opponens Digiti Minimi -I
Medial margin and palmar
| surface of metacarpal 5
199
Opponens Digiti Minimi -N
Deep branch of ulnar nerve
200
Opponens Digiti Minimi -A
Rotates metacarpal 5 towards
| the palm
