muscles Flashcards
(24 cards)
what are the 2 types of muscle cells?
striated and non-striated
which 2 are striated?
cardiac and skeletal
which one is non-striated?
smooth muscle
which muscle type has no nervous innervation?
smooth
what is the sarcosome?
the mitochondrion in muscle cells
what is the sarcoplasmic reticulum?
the smooth ER in muscle cells
what is the order of structure?
epimysium, perimysium, fasicle, endomysium and muscle fibre
what are the 3 types of fibres?
slow oxidative, fast oxidative glycolytic and fast glycolytic
what is type 1
slow oxidative
which type has low blood supply and respires anaerobically?
type 2b (fast glycolytic)
what is type 1 for/
standing and walking
what is type 2B for?
sprinting and running
what colour is type 1 and 2a vs type 2 B
red vs white
where are the nuclei in cardiac muscle cells?
central
where are the nuclei in skeletal muscle cells?
peripheral
what is ANP and BNP
atrial natriuretic hormone and brain-type nateuriteic peptide
what is the role of ANP and BNP and why are they released?
their roles are to reduce pressure by decreasing blood volume and are released during heart failure
what is the order in the conduction of the heart?
SA node -> AV node-> bundle of his -> pukyne fibres
is smooth muscle voluntary of involuntary?
involuntary, leading to things like hypertension, dysmennoreah etc
LEARN THE SLIDE 58 ON CONTRACTION OF MUSCLE
PLEASE DO THAT RN (sliding filament theory too)
What is myasthenia gravis?
autoimmune disease
what causes myasthenia graves?
immune system produces antibodies against the Ach receptors on the endplate causing them to block and reduce synaptic transmission
what 3 things form the thin filament of actin?
actin, troponin and tropomyosin
what is required for muscle contraction o take place?
calcium
