Muscles

Question 1

Orgin:

Answer 1

end of the muscle that is attached to the least movable structure.

Question 2

Insertion:

Answer 2

Other end of the muscle and is attached to the more moveable structure.

Question 3

Name the Suprahyoid muscles

Answer 3

Digastric
Mylohyoid
Stylohyoid
Geniohyoid

Question 4

Action Digastric

Answer 4

Elevation of hyoid and larynx / depress mandible and opens jaw

Question 5

Action Mylohyoid

Answer 5

Elevates tongue, depress mandible, elevated hyoid bone

Question 6

Action Stylohyoid

Answer 6

Elevation of hyoid and larynx

Question 7

Action Geniohyoid

Answer 7

Elevation of hyoid and larynx / depress mandible and opens jaw

Question 8

Name the Infrahyoid muscles

Answer 8

Sternothyroid
Sternohyoid
Omohyoid
Thyrohyoid

Question 9

Action sternothyroid

Answer 9

Depress thyroid cartilage and larynx

Question 10

Action Sternohyoid

Answer 10

Depresses hyoid

Question 11

Action omohyoid

Answer 11

Depress hyoid bone

Question 12

Action Thyrohyoid

Answer 12

Raises thyroid cartilage and larynx, depress hyoid bone.

Question 13

What muscle is the most obvious muscle of mastication?

Answer 13

Masseter muscle

-Since it is the most superficial and one of the strongest.

Question 14

What muscle is responsible for elevating the angle of the mouth?

Answer 14

Zygomaticus Major.

Levator Anguli Oris.

Question 15

What muscles contributes to smiling?

Answer 15

Zygomaticus Major.
Zygomaticus Minor.
Levator Anguli Oris.

Question 16

What muscle is responsible for elevating the upper lip?

Answer 16

Levator Labii Superioris

Zygomaticus Minor.

Question 17

Levator labii Superioris muscle:

Answer 17

Broad, flat.
Oral region
Facial Expression
ACTION: elevates the upper lip. 
ORIGIN: maxilla
INSERTION: upper lip.

Question 18

Levator labii superioris alaque nasi muscle:

Answer 18

Oral region
Facial expression
ACTION: Elevates the upper lip and ala of the nose; dialates each of the nares (sneering expression). 
ORIGIN: Maxilla
INSERTION: Ala, upper lip.

Question 19

Review muscles that aid in lowering the lips.

Answer 19

Orbicularis Oris (MAYBE)
Depressor Labii Inferioris

Question 20

Know which muscles cause the forehead to wrinkle.

Answer 20

Epicranial

Corrugator Supercilii

Question 21

Know what muscle encircles the eye and which one encircles the mouth.

Answer 21

Eye: Obicularis oculi.
Mouth: Obicularis oris
-Vermillion zone fibers of the muscle encircle the mouth.

Question 22

Know the muscles that comprise the floor of the mouth.

Answer 22

Mylohyoid muscle.

Geniohyoid (MAYBE).

Question 23

What is the longitudinal depression which runs down the midline of the tongue is called?

Answer 23

Median lingual sulcus

Question 24

What nerve innervates the tongue muscles?

Answer 24

HYPOGLOSSAL Nerve (12th cranial nerve) innervates the tongue muscles.

Question 25

What muscles are at work during swallowing?

Answer 25

Stylopharyngeus Muscle Pharyngeal constrictors Muscles of the soft palate

Question 26

Review posterior and anterior triangles. What divides them?

Answer 26

Divided by sterncleidomastoid muscle. | Helps to define location of structures (lymph nodes in the head and neck).

Question 27

Review masseter muscle.

Answer 27

``` Muscle of mastication: -Location: superficial cheek -Region: Cheek -Origin: Superficial head: zygomatic process Deep head: zygomatic arch -Insertion: Superficial head: angle of mandible Deep head: ramus -Action: Elevate mandible, close jaw. ```

Question 28

Review epicranial muscle.

Answer 28

``` Muscle of facial expression: -Location: scalp -Region: Frontal/Occipital -Origin: Front belly: tendon Occipital belly: occipital bone and mastoid process -Insertion: Front belly: skin of eyebrow/root of the nose. Occipital belly: tendon. -Action: Surprise (forehead movement) ```

Question 29

Sternocleidomastoid:

Answer 29

-Location: Lateral sides of the neck (paired) -Origin: Clavicle, sternum. -Insertion: Mastoid process of the temporal bone and line of occipital bone. -Action: One muscle: head and neck bend to ipsilateral side. Both muscles: Neck flex, junction of head and neck extend.

Question 30

Trapezius:

Answer 30

- Location: Superficial to posterior and lateral surface of neck - Origin: Occipital bone - Insertion: clavicle and parts of scapula - Action: Lift clavicle and scapula when shoulders are “shrugged”.

Question 31

Muscles of MASTICATION (4):

Answer 31

o Masseter Muscle o Temporalis Muscle o Medial Pterygoid Muscle o Lateral Pterygoid Muscle

Question 32

Muscles of FACIAL EXPRESSION (15):

Answer 32

``` o Epicranial o Obicularis Oculi o Corrugator Supercilii o Obicularis Oris o Buccinator o Risorius o Levator Labii superioris o Levator labii superioris alaque nasi o Zygomaticus Major o Zygomaticus Minor o Levator anguli oris o Depressor labii inferioris o Mentalis o Platysma ```

Question 33

Suprahyoid Muscles (4):

Answer 33

o Digastric o Mylohyoid o Stylohyoid o Geniohyoid

Question 34

Infrahyoid Muscles (4):

Answer 34

o Omohyoid o Sternohyoid o Sternothyroid o Thyrohyoid