Muscles- ABDOMINAL WALL

Question 1

What are the Main Layers of the Anterolateral Abdominal Wall?

Answer 1

1) SKIN

2) FASCIA

3) MUSCLE

4) PARIETAL PERITONEUM

Question 2

BELOW THE UMBILICUS- What are the 2 LAYERS OF SUPERFICIAL FASCIA in the ABDOMINAL WALL?

Answer 2

CAMPERS FASCIA

SCARPERS FASCIA

Question 3

What are the differences between the Campers and Scarpers Fascia?

Answer 3

1) CAMPERS FASCIA- Fatty and Superficial

2) SCARPERS FASCIA- Membraneous and Deeper

Question 4

Below the INGUINAL LIGAMENT, where does the SCARPER’S FASCIA attach/ Blend in with?

Answer 4

FASCIA LATA

Question 5

What does the SCARPER’S FASCIA form in the penis?

Answer 5

Superficial Perineal fascia of Colles

Question 6

How are the Muscles of the Abdominal wall classified?

Answer 6

1) FLAT MUSCLES

2) VERTICAL MUSCLES

Question 7

What are the FLAT MUSCLES of the Abdominal wall?

Answer 7

1) EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

2) INTERNAL OBLIQUE

3) TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS

Question 8

Describe the Attachments of the EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

Answer 8

PROXIMAL- Ribs 5-12

DISTAL- Iliac Crest and Pubic Tubercle

Question 9

What does the Aponeurosis of the External Oblique form?

Answer 9

INGUINAL LIGAMENT

Question 10

What is the Nerve Supply of the External Oblique Muscle?

Answer 10

-Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-T11)

-Subcostal Nerve (T12)

Question 11

EXTERNAL OBLIQUE MUSCLE

Answer 11

Question 12

What DIRECTION do the FIBRES of EXTERNAL OBLIQUE TRAVEL?

Answer 12

INFERIOMEDIALLY

(HANDS IN POCKETS)

Question 13

Describe the Attachments of the INTERNAL OBLIQUE MUSCLE

Answer 13

PROXIMAL- Ribs 10-12

DISTAL- Inguinal Ligament, Iliac Crest

Question 14

What is the NERVE Supply of the Internal Oblique Muscle?

Answer 14

-Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-T11)

-Subcostal Nerve (T12)

Question 15

INTERNAL OBLIQUE MUSCLE

Answer 15

Question 16

What DIRECTION do the FIBRES of INTERNAL OBLIQUE TRAVEL?

Answer 16

SUPEROMEDIALLY

Question 17

Describe the Attachments of the TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS?

Answer 17

PROXIMAL- Costal Cartilage of 7-12 ribs

DISTAL- Inguinal Ligament

Question 18

What is the NERVE Supply of the TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS?

Answer 18

-Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-T11)

-Subcostal Nerve (T12)

Question 19

TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS

Answer 19

Question 20

What Layer is found beneath the Transversus Abdominus?

Answer 20

TRANSVERSALIS FASCIA

Question 21

What are the VERTICAL MUSCLES of the Abdominal Wall?

Answer 21

1) RECTUS ABDOMINIS

2) PYRAMIDALIS

Question 22

What structure splits the RECTUS ABDOMINIS Muscle?

Answer 22

Linea Alba

Question 23

What are the attachments of the RECTUS ABDOMINIS Muscle?

Answer 23

PROXIMAL- Costal Cartilage 5-7 Ribs

DISTAL- Pubis

Question 24

What NERVE Innervates the RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE?

Answer 24

Thoracoabdominal Nerves (T7-11)

Question 25

RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE

Answer 25

Question 26

What Structure surrounds the RECTUS ABDOMINIS MUSCLE?

Answer 26

RECTUS SHEATH

Question 27

What structures form the RECTUS SHEATH?

Answer 27

Aponeurosis of: -TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS -INTERNAL OBLIQUE -EXTERNAL OBLIQUE

Question 28

What Muscles are contained within the Rectus Sheath?

Answer 28

1) RECTUS ABDOMINIS 2) PYRAMIDALIS

Question 29

Where is the ARCUATE LINE Found?

Answer 29

Halfway between the UMBILICUS and PUBIC CREST

Question 30

Describe the Anatomy of the RECTUS SHEATH ABOVE THE ARCUATE LINE

Answer 30

-EXTERNAL OBLIQUE APONEUROSIS splits to form the ANTERIOR LAYER OF THE SHEATH -INTERNAL OBLIQUE APONEUROSIS splits to form the ANTERIOR and POSTERIOR walls of the RECTUS SHEATH -TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS FASCIA forms the POSTERIOR WALL of the RECTUS SHEATH

Question 31

Describe the Anatomy of the RECTUS SHEATH BELOW the ARCUATE LINE

Answer 31

THE APONEUROSIS OF THE EXTERNAL OBLIQUE, INTERNAL OBLIQUE AND TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINUS ONLY FORM THE ANTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH THERE IS NO POSTERIOR WALL OF THE RECTUS SHEATH BELOW THE ARCUATE LINE

Question 32

RECTUS SHEATH AND ARCUATE LINE

Answer 32

Question 33

What blood vessels perforate the rectus abdominis at the level of the ARCUATE LINE?

Answer 33

INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC ARTERY INFERIOR EPIGASTRIC VEIN

Question 34

Where does the Inferior Epigastric Artery Come from?

Answer 34

EXTERNAL ILIAC ARTERY

Question 35

Where does the Inferior Epigastric Vein Drain?

Answer 35

EXTERNAL ILIAC VEIN

Question 36

What is Carnett's Sign?

Answer 36

- Palpation of the abdomen with abdominal muscles contracted - If pain is increased...then the source of abdominal pain is likely within the abdominal wall

Question 37

What Bloods vessel bleeds in a rectus sheath haematoma?

Answer 37

Inferior Epigastric vessels