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ANAT 315 > Muscles Of Back And Neck > Flashcards

Muscles Of Back And Neck Flashcards

1
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the latissimus dorsi

A

O:- spinous process of T7-T12
- thoracolumbar fascia
-ilum (hip)

I: intertubercular groove of the humerous

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2
Q

Function of latissimus dorsi

A

1.Primary mov of shoulder
adduction, extension, median rotation

  1. bilateral: spine extension
  2. unilateral: ipsilateral lateral flexion of the lumbar spine
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3
Q

Innervation of latissimus dorsi

A

thoracodorsal nerve (C6-C8)

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4
Q

True or false latissimus dorsi is a synergist of the other back muscle

A

trueeeee
latissimus dorsi is a limb muscle but also synergist of other back muscles

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5
Q

What is the categorie of latissimus dorsi

A

Extrinsic back muscles first layer

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6
Q

What is the categorie of trapezius

A

Extrinsic back muscles first layer

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7
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the trapezius

A

O: back of skull
spinous process C7-T12
Nuchal ligament
I: scapula

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8
Q

Functions of the trapezius

A

1: bilateral: neck extension
unilateral: ispilateral lateral flexion of cervical spine and contralateral rotation of the cervical spine

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9
Q

How is trapezius placed (par rapport) au latissimus doris

A

Trapezius is superior to latissimus dorsi

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10
Q

Inervation of trapezius

A

Accessory spinal nerve (diamond)

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11
Q

Is trapezius a synergist of other back muscle?

A

yesss

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12
Q

What is the catergory of levator scapulae

A

Extrinsic, second layer

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13
Q

What are the origin and insertion of the levator scapulae

A

O: cervical spine
I: superior/medial border of the scapula

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14
Q

Functions of levator scapulae

A

Primary: movement of the scapula ex: shrugging
Secondary: movement of cervical spine
bilateral: extension of cervical spine
unilateral: ispsilateral lateral flexion of cervical spine

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15
Q

Innervation of levator scapulae

A

C3-C5

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16
Q

Origin and Insertion of rhomboid major and minor

A

O: cervical and thoracic spine
I: inferomedial border of scapula

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17
Q

Function of rhomboid

A

movement of the scapula, none in the back

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18
Q

Innervation of rhomboid

A

dorsal scapular C5

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19
Q

What is the catergory of rhomboid

A

Extrinsic back muscle , second layer

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20
Q

What is the catergory of serratus posterior superior and inferior

A

Extrinsic back muscle, 3 layer deep

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21
Q

Origin and insertion of serratus posterior superior

A

O: nuchal ligament, SP C7-T4
I: superior border of ribs 1-4

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22
Q

Function of serratus posterior superior

A

Elevation of the ribs

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23
Q

Origin and insertion of serratus posterior inferior

A

O:Thoracolumbar fascia and SP of T11-T12
I: Inferior border of ribs (8/9)-12

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24
Q

Function of serratus posterir inferior

A

Depression of lower ribs

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25
Q

Innervation of serratus posterior inferior

A

T9-T12 (anterior rami)

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26
Q

Innervation of serratus posterior superior

A

T2-T5 (anterior rami)

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27
Q

What is the category of erector spinae ?

A

Intrinsics muscle of the back, intermediate

28
Q

Name in order the 3 muscles of erector spinae from distal to proximal

A

illiocostalis, longissimus, spinalis

29
Q

Origin and insertion of erector spinae

A

O: sacrum/ilum
spinous processes

I: ribs (Illiocostalis, longissimus)
transverse process: longissimus
SP: S

30
Q

Function of erector spinae

A

Bilateral: spine extension
unilateral: lateral flexion of spine (esp I)

31
Q

In the erector spinae muscles, who has the greatest lever arm?

A

illiocostalis

32
Q

Innervation of erector spinae

A

Posterior rami of adjacent spinal nerve

33
Q

What category is transversospinalis?

A

Deep muscle of the back , intrinsic

34
Q

What are the parts of transversospinalis ?

A

capitis semispinalis
cervicis semispinalis
thoracis semispinalis

multifidus
rotatores:- longus, brevis

35
Q

Innervation of transversospinalis (very minimal)

A

posterior rami

36
Q

Origin and insertion of transversospinalis

A

O: transverse processes
I: SP

37
Q

Function of transversospinalis

A

Bilateral: extension of spine
unilaterla: contralateral rotation of spine

38
Q

Category of splenius

A

Neck muscles, superficial posterior

39
Q

What are the two parts of splenius muscle?

A
  1. splenius capitis
  2. splenius cervicis
40
Q

(Origin and insertion) of splenius capitis

A

Nuchal ligament + spinous process C7-T2 to
skull, mastoid process

41
Q

(Origin and insertion) of splenius cervicis

A

O: Spinous process T3-T6 to TPof C1-C3

42
Q

Innervation of splenius

A

Posterior rami of cervial nerves

43
Q

Function of splenius

A

Bilateral: extension of the spine
unilateralL ispilateral lateral flexion and ispilateral rotation of the head and the cervical spine (shaking head)

44
Q

Category of suboccipital muscles

A

muscles of the neck, deep posterior

45
Q

Name de 4 muscles of the suboccipital muscles

A

rectus capitis minor
rectus capitis major

obliquus capitis superior
obliquus capitis inferior

46
Q

Origin and insertion of each muscle of the suboccipital muscle

A

rectus capitis minor: SP C1 to occiput
rectus capitis major: TP C2 to occiput

obliquus capitis inferior: SP C2 to TP C1
obliquus capitis inferior : TP C2 to occiput

47
Q

Function of 4 muscles of suboccipital muscles

A

Bilateral: extension of head
unilateral: ipsilateral lateral flexion of the head and ipsilateral rotation of the head (rectus, cap major and obliq. cap infé)

48
Q

Are suboccipital muscles, synergist?

A

yesss

49
Q

What are in the suboccipital triangle?

A
  • verterbral artery
    Suboccipital nerve (C1) posterior rami

nerve to all suboccipital muscle, when get trap can cause pain in the upper head

50
Q

Borders of the suboccipital triangle

A

rectus capitis major
obliquus capitis inferior and supé

51
Q

What is category of sternocleidomastoid?

A

superficial anterior, neck muscles

52
Q

Attachment of sternocleidomastoid

A

sternum, clavicule, mastoid process

53
Q

Functions of sternocleidomastoid

A

Bilateral: extenion of head/neck
flexion of neck (inferior cervical vertebrae-sternal head)

unilateral contralateral rot
ispilateral lateral flexion

54
Q

Invervation of sternocleidomastoid

A

spinal accessory nerve

55
Q

Describe extrinsinc muscle of the back

A

anterior rami of spinal nerve

superfical muscles

muscles in the back but mov of the upper limb

56
Q

Describe intrinsic muscle of the back

A

posterior rami of spinal nerve

in the back and function are in the back
primary function: support and mov of vertebral column

Attachement site: vertebrae to vertebrae or vertebrae to ribs

57
Q

What are the deep anterior muscles of the neck?

A

Rectus capitis lateralis

rectus capitis anterior

longus capitis

longus colli

scalenes (mid,post,ant)

58
Q

Attachement and function of rectus capitis lateralis

A

TP atlas to
occiput), ipsilateral head flexion

59
Q

Attachement and function of rectus capitis anterior

A

TP atlas to
occiput), ipsilateral rotation, flexion

60
Q

Attachement and function of longus capitis

A

TP cervical verts
to occiput), head flexion

61
Q

Attachement and function of longus colli

A

body C/T verts to
body or TP cervical verts),
bilateral: neck flexion, ipsilateral
flexion of cervical spine (~neck)

62
Q

Attachment of scalenes

A

TPs
of cervical vertebrae C2-
C7 to first rib (anterior and
middle scalenes) or second
rib (posterior scalene)

63
Q

Function scalenes

A

elevate ribs (A,
resp.) OR flex cervical
spine (B, bilateral), and
lateral flexion of cervical
spine (ipsilateral)

64
Q

Innervation of scalenes (deep anterior)

A

anterior rami C3-C8

65
Q

Innervation of rectus capitis lateralis, anterior
longus capitis
longus colli

A

anterior rami C1-C3

ANAT 315 (1 decks)

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