Muscles of movement Flashcards
(11 cards)
4 muscles that make up the quadriceps
rectus femoris -located on anterior (front) part of thigh
vastus lateralis- located on lateral (outlside) part of thigh
vastus intermedius - located on the front of the thigh. It’s a deep muscle, lying beneath the rectus femoris and between the vastus medialis and lateralis
the vastus medialis - located on the inner (medial) side of the thigh, running along the length of the femur.
3 muscles that makeup the hamstring (located on the back of the thigh)
Biceps femoris: This muscle has two heads, a long head and a short head. Located in the posterior (back) compartment of the thigh, specifically on the lateral (outer) side. Involved in flexing the knee and extending the hip, as well as stabilizing the pelvis
Semitendinosus: A long, thin muscle that runs parallel to the biceps femoris. located in the posterior compartment of the thigh. It’s known for its long, cord-like tendon. It’s primarily responsible for flexing the knee and extending the hip, while also rotating the tibia medially.
**Semimembranosus: **A flat muscle that lies deep to the other two hamstring muscles. Role in flexing the knee, extending the hip, and medially rotating the knee when it’s flexed beyond 90 degrees.
While primarily knee flexors, they also contribute to hip extension.
5 muscles that makeup the Adductor muscles located on the inner thigh, or groin muscles:
They are responsible for pulling the thigh towards the midline of the body, a movement called adduction.
Pectineus: A relatively small muscle that originates on the pubis and inserts on the linea aspera of the femur.
**Adductor Brevis: **A shorter muscle than the longus, originating on the pubis and inserting on the linea aspera.
**Adductor Longus: **A large, fan-shaped muscle that originates on the pubis and inserts on the linea aspera of the femur.
Gracilis: A long, slender muscle that originates on the pubis and inserts on the tibia, contributing to both hip adduction and knee flexion.
Adductor Magnus: The largest of the adductors, originating on the ischium and inserting on the linea aspera and, in some cases, the tibia
2 muscles that make up the calf muscles
the gastrocnemius and soleus. These two muscles work together to allow plantar flexion (pointing the toes down) of the foot and also contribute to knee flexion. The gastrocnemius is the larger, more visible muscle located on the surface of the calf, while the soleus lies deeper and is flat. The plantaris, a smaller muscle, is also part of the calf, but it’s not present in everyone
Muscles of the pelvis and hips,
include those that support the pelvic floor, as well as those that facilitate hip movement and stabilize the pelvis
gluteal muscles
maximus, medius, minimus
Gluteus Maximus: The largest and most superficial, responsible for hip extension and external rotation.
Gluteus Medius: Plays a crucial role in hip abduction and internal rotation, as well as stabilizing the pelvis.
Gluteus Minimus: Helps with hip abduction and internal rotation.
pelvic floor muscles
levator ani and coccygeus
Levator Ani: This is the primary muscle group forming the pelvic floor, supporting pelvic organs and aiding in continence. It’s composed of the pubococcygeus, puborectalis, and iliococcygeus.
Coccygeus: A smaller muscle located behind the levator ani.
hip flexors
ilopsoas, rectus femoris, sartorius, pectineus
Iliopsoas: A combined muscle of the psoas major, psoas minor, and iliacus, it’s the main muscle for hip flexion.
Rectus Femoris: Part of the quadriceps, it also contributes to hip flexion.
Sartorius: A long, slender muscle that assists in hip flexion and abduction.
Pectineus: Another hip flexor that also contributes to adduction.
external rotators of the hips and thighs
gluteus maximus, piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior and inferior, and quadratus femoris.
These small, deep muscles help with external rotation of the hip joint and stabilization of the pelvis.
hip abduction
primary muscles involved in hip abduction, the movement of the leg away from the body, are the gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, and tensor fasciae latae (TFL). These muscles help stabilize the hip and pelvis, especially during walking and standing on one leg.
