Muscles of shoulder, back, arm and forearm

Question 0

Latissimus dorsi

Answer 0

O: Medial creat of sacrum, iliac crest, spines of T6-L5
I: Intertubercular groove of humerus
A: Extends, adducts, medially rotates humerus
N: Thoracodorsal nerve

Question 1

Trapezius

Answer 1

O: Superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12
I: Spine of scapula, acromion, lateral 1/3 of clavicle
A: Depress, elevate, retract and lateral rotation of scapula
N: Accessory nerve

Question 2

Levator scapulae

Answer 2

O: Transverse processes of C1-C4
I: Medial border of scapula, above the spine
A: Elevates, retract and medially rotate scapula
N: Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 3

Rhomboid minor

Answer 3

O: Spinous processes of C7 & T1
I: Medial border of scapula, at level of the spine
A: Elevate, retract & medially rotate scapula
N: Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 4

Rhomboid major

Answer 4

O: Spinous processes of T2-T5
I: Medial border of scapula, below level of spine
A: Elevate, retract and medially rotate scapula
N: Dorsal scapular nerve

Question 5

Deltoid

Answer 5

O: Posterior deltoid- spine of scapula
Medial deltoid- acromion
Anterior deltoid- lateral 1/3 of clavicle
I: Deltoid tuberosity
A: all abduct the shoulder, posterior fibers laterally rotate and extend, anterior fibers medially rotate and flex humerus
N: Axillary nerve

Question 6

Supraspinatus

Answer 6

O: Supraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Abducts humerus (with deltoid)
N: Suprascapular nerve

Question 7

Infraspinatus

Answer 7

O: Infraspinous fossa
I: Greater tubercle
A: Laterally rotates humerus
N: Suprascapular nerve

Question 8

Teres minor

Answer 8

O: Lateral border of scapula
I: Greater tubercle of humerus
A: Laterally rotates humerus
N: Axillary nerve

Question 9

Subscapularis

Answer 9

O: Subscapular fossa
I: Lesser tubercle
A: Medially rotates scapula
N: Upper & lower subscapular nerve

Question 10

Teres major

Answer 10

O: Lateral border of scapula
I: Intertubercular groove
A: Adduct, medially rotate and extend humerus
N: Lower subscapular nerve

Question 11

Pectoralis major

Answer 11

O: Medial 1/2 of clavicle, sternum, upper 6 costal cartilages
I: Bicipital groove (humerus)
A: Medially rotate, adduct, flex the humerus
N: Lateral and medial pectoral nerve

Question 12

Pectoralis minor

Answer 12

O: Ribs 3, 4, 5
I: Coracoid process of scapula
A: Depresses, protracts & medially rotates scapula
N: Medial pectoral nerve

Question 13

Subclavius

Answer 13

O: 1st costal cartilage
I: Inferior groove of clavicle
A: Depresses and stabilizes clavicle
N: Nerve to subclavius

Question 14

Serratus anterior

Answer 14

O: Upper 8 ribs
I: Vertebral (medial) border of scapula
A: Protracts, laterally rotates the scapula
N: Long thoracic nerve

Question 15

Biceps brachii

Answer 15

O: Long head- supraglenoid tubercle
Short head- coracoid process
I: Radial ruberosity, bicipital aponeurosis
A: Flexes & supinates forearm, pronates a little
N: Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 16

Brachialis

Answer 16

O: Lower 1/2 of humerus
I: Coronoid process of ulna
A: Flex forearm
N: Musculocutaneous & radial nerves

Question 17

Coracobrachialis

Answer 17

O: Coracoid process of ulna
I: Middle 1/3 of humerus
A: Flex and adduct arm
N: Musculocutaneous nerve

Question 18

Triceps

Answer 18

O: Lateral head- posterior humerus (superior/lateral to radial groove)
Long head- infraglenoid tubercle
Medial head- posterior humerus (inferior/medial to radial groove)
I: Olecranon process of ulna
A: Extend arm and forearm
N: Radial nerve

Question 19

Anterior, superficial group

Answer 19

Pronator teres
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 20

Anterior, intermediate group

Answer 20

Flexor digitorum superificialis

Question 21

Anterior, deep layer

Answer 21

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

Question 22

Pronator teres

Answer 22

O: Common flexor origin
I: Radius
A: Pronates forearm
N: Median nerve

Question 23

Palmaris longus

Answer 23

O: Common flexor origin
I: Palmar aponeurosis
A: Flexes and tenses palmar aponeurosis
N: Median nerve

Question 24

Flexor carpi radialis

Answer 24

O: Common flexor origin I: Metacarpals 2, 3 A: Flexes and radially deviates wrist N: Median nerve

Question 25

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Answer 25

O: Common flexor origin I: Metacarpal 5 A: Flexes and ulnar deviates wrist N: Ulnar nerve

Question 26

Flexor digitorum superficialis

Answer 26

O: Common flexor origin I: Middle phalanges of 4 fingers A: Flexes fingers N: Median nerve

Question 27

Flexor digitorum profundus

Answer 27

O: Radius and ulna I: Distal phalanges A: Flexes distal phalanges 4 & 5 N: Median nerve to radial half, ulnar nerve to ulnar half

Question 28

Flexor pollicis longus

Answer 28

O: Common flexor origin I: Distal phalanx of thumb A: Flexes phalanges of 1st digit N: Median nerve

Question 29

Pronator quadratus

Answer 29

O: Medial, anterior surface of ulna I: Lateral, anterior surface of radius A: Pronates forearm N: Median nerve

Question 30

Posterior, superficial group

Answer 30

``` Brachioradialis Extensor carpi radialis longus Extensor carpi radialis brevis Extensor digitorum Extensor digiti minimi Extensor carpi ulnaris ```

Question 31

Posterior, deep group

Answer 31

Supinator Abductor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis longus Extensor pollicis brevis

Question 32

Brachioradialis

Answer 32

O: Common extensor origin or (lateral) supracondylar ridge I: Radius A: Flexes elbow and maintains half pronated position N: Radial nerve

Question 33

Extensor carpi radialis longus

Answer 33

O: Common extensor origin or (lateral) supracondylar ridge I: Metacarpals 2, 3 A: Extend and radially deviates wrist N: Radial nerve

Question 34

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

Answer 34

O: Common extensor origin or (lateral) supracondylar ridge I: Metacarpals 2, 3 A: Extend and radially deviates wrist N: Radial nerve

Question 35

Extensor digitorum

Answer 35

O: Common extensor origin or (lateral) supracondylar ridge I: Extensor expansions over middle and distal phalanges A: Extends fingers N: Radial nerve

Question 36

Extensor digiti minimi

Answer 36

O: Common extensor origin or (lateral) supracondylar ridge I: Extensor expansions over middle and distal phalanges A: Extends fingers N: Radial nerve

Question 37

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Answer 37

O: Common extensor origin or (lateral) supracondylar ridge I: Metacarpal 5 A: Extend wrist and ulnar deviates N: Radial nerve

Question 38

Supinator

Answer 38

O: Supinator crest of ulna, lateral epicondyle of humerus, radial collateral and annular ligaments I: Lateral surface of proximal radius A: Supinates forearm N: Radial nerve

Question 39

Abductor pollicis longus

Answer 39

O: Posterior surface of middle third of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane I: Base of first metacarpal (thumb) A: Abducts and extends thumb, abducts the wrist N: Radial nerve

Question 40

Extensor pollicis longus

Answer 40

O: Proximal surface of middle third ulna and interosseus membrane I: Base of distal phalanx of thumb A: Extends distal phalanx of thumb N: Radial nerve

Question 41

Extensor pollicis brevis

Answer 41

O: Posterior surface of radius & interosseus membrane I: Base of proximal phalanx of thumb A: Extends proximal phalanx of thumb N: Radial nerve

Question 42

Extensor indicis

Answer 42

O: Proximal surface of ulna and interosseus membrane I: Extensor expansion of second digit A: Extends 2nd digit, helps extend hand at wrist N: Radial nerve

Question 43

Anatomical snuffbox

Answer 43

Space between tendons of extensor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis, abductor pollicis longus