Muscles of the Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
(150 cards)
1
Q
Trapezius Origin and Insertion
A
O = External Occipital Protuberance/Nuchal Ligament/Spinous Processes of C7-T12
I = Acromion/Lateral 1/3 of the clavicle/spine of scapula
2
Q
Trapezius Action and Innervation
A
A = elevate, depress, retract and rotate scapula
I = Spinal Accessory Nerve
3
Q
Levator Scapulae Origin and Insertion
A
O = Transverse processes of C1-C4
I = Medial border of scapula and superior spine of scapula
4
Q
Levator scapulae Action and Innervation
A
A = elevate scapula and inferiorly rotate glenoid
I = Dorsal Scapular Nerve
5
Q
Rhomboid Major and Minor Origin and Insertion
A
O = (-): Spinous processes of C7-T1 (+): Spinous processes of T2-T5
I = (-): medial border at the scapular spine (+): medial border inferior to the scapular spine
6
Q
Rhomboid Major and Minor Action and Innervation
A
A: elevate and retract scapula, inferiorly rotate glenoid
I = Dorsal Scapular Nerve
7
Q
Subclavius Origin and Insertion
A
O = first rib
I = middle 1/3 of the clavicle on the inferior border
8
Q
Subclavius Action and Innervation
A
A = Anchor and depress the clavicle
I = Subclavian Nerve
9
Q
Pectoralis Minor Origin and Insertion
A
O = ribs 3-5
I = coracoid process
10
Q
Pectoralis Minor Action and Innervation
A
A = pulls scapula anteriorly and inferiorly to stabilize
I = Medial Pectoral Nerve
11
Q
Serratus Anterior Origin and Insertion
A
O = Ribs 1-8
I = medial border of the scapula after passing it anteriorly
12
Q
Serratus Anterior Action and Innervation
A
A = protract and stabilize scapula
I = Long Thoracic Nerve
13
Q
Supraspinatus Origin and Insertion
A
O = Supraspinous fossa
I = Greater Tubercle of the Humerus
14
Q
Supraspinatus Action and Innervation
A
A = Abdution of the arm (first 15 degrees)
I = Suprascapular Nerve
15
Q
Infraspinatus Origin and Insertion
A
O = infraspinous fossa
I = Greater tubercle of the humerus
16
Q
Infraspinatus Action and Innervation
A
A = laterally rotate the arm
I = Suprascaular Nerve
17
Q
Teres Minor Origin and Insertion
A
O = Lateral border of the scapula
I = Greater tubercle of the humerus
18
Q
Teres Minor Action and Innervation
A
A = Laterally rotate arm
I = Axillary Nerve
19
Q
Subscapularis Origin and Insertion
A
O = Subscapular fossa
I = Lesser tubercle of the humerus
20
Q
Subscapularis Action and Innervation
A
A = Adduct and Medially rotate arm
I = Upper and Lower Subscapular Nerve
21
Q
Pectoralis Major Origin and Insertion
A
O = Sternocostal head: Sternum/costal cartilage of 6 ribs/ aponeurosis of external oblique Clavicular head: medial 1/2 of the anterior clavicle
I = Lateral lip of the intertubercular groove
22
Q
Pectoralis Major Action and Innervation
A
A = Flex, adduct and medially rotate arm
I = Medial and Lateral Pectoral Nerve
23
Q
Coracobrachialis Origin and Insertion
A
O = Coracoid Process
I = Middle 1/3 of humerus
24
Q
Coracobrachialis Action and Innervation
A
A = Flex and Adduct arm
I = Musculocutaneous Nerve
25
Teres Major Origin and Insertion
O = inferior angle of the scapula
I = medial lip of the intertubercular groove of humerus
26
Teres Major Action and Innervation
A = Extend, adduct and medially rotate arm
I = Lower Subscapular Nerve
27
Latissimus Dorsi Origin and Insertion
O = Lower 6 thoracic spinous processes, Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, lower 3-4 ribs
I = intertubercular groove of humerus
28
Latissimus Dorsi Action and Innervation
A = Adduct, extend, and medially rotate arm
I = Thoracolumbar Nerve
29
Deltoid Origin and Insertion
O = Acromion, scapular spine, lateral 1/3 of clavicle
I = deltoid tubercle of humerus
30
Deltoid Action and Innervation
A = extend, flex and abduct the arm
I = Axillary Nerve
31
Biceps Brachii Origin and Insertion
O = Long head: supraglenoid tubercle Short head: coracoid process
I = Radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis
32
Biceps Brachii Action and Innervation
A = flex the arm at the elbow and supinate the forearm
I = Musculocutaneous Nerve
33
Brachialis Origin and Insertion
O = distal 1/2 of the anterior humerus
I = coronoid process and the ulnar tuberosity
34
Brachialis Action and innervation
A = major flexor of the elbow in all positions
I = musculocutaneous and radial nerves
35
Triceps Brachii Origin and Insertion
O = Long head: infraglenoid tubercle, Medial head: posterior surface of the humerus, Lateral Head: posterior surface of humerus above radial groove
I = olecranon and forearm fascia
36
Triceps Brachii Action and Innervation
A = Extend arm at the elbow ... long head and abduct the arm
I = Radial Nerve
37
Pronator Teres Origin and Insertion
O = medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of the ulna
I = middle part of the lateral radius
38
Pronator Teres Action and Innervation
A = Pronates the forearm and flexes the elbow
I = Median Nerve
39
Flexor Carpi Radialis Origin and Insertion
O = Medial Epicondyle of the humerus
I = Base of the second metacarpal
40
Flexor Carpi Radialis Action and Innervation
A = flex the wrist and adduct the hand at the wrist
I = Median Nerve
41
Palmaris Longus Origin and Insertion
O = medial epicondyle of the humerus
I = flexor retinaculum and palmaris aponeurosis
42
Palmaris Longus Action and Innervation
A = weak flexor of the wrist and tightens the palmaris aponeurosis
I = Median Nerve
43
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Origin and Insertion
O = Medial epicondyle of the humerus
I = the base of the fifth metacarpal
44
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris Action and Innervation
A = flexes and adducts the hand at the wrist
I = Ulnar Nerve
45
Bracioradialis Origin and Insertion
O = Supraconylar ridge of the humerus
I = the lateral surface of the distal radius
46
Bracioradialis Action and Innervation
A = flexes the arm at the wrist when partially pronated
I = Radial Nerve ... lateral part is the median nerve
47
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Origin and Insertion
O = Humeroulnar head: medial epicondyle, UCL, coronoid process, Radial Head: superior 1/2 of the anterior radius
I = middle phalanges 2-5
48
Flexor Digitorum Superficialis Action and Innervation
A = flexes wrist, first knuckle and middle knuckle
I = Median Nerve
49
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Origin and Insertion
O = proximal 3/4 of the ulna and the interosseous membrane
I = distal phalanges 2-5
50
Flexor Digitorum Profundus Action and Innervation
A = flex the distal knuckle and helps with the wrist
I = Ulnar nerve and anterior interosseous nerve
51
Flexor Pollicis Longus Origin and Insertion
O = Anterior surface of radius and interosseous membrane
I = base of distal thumb phalanx
52
Flexor Pollicis Longus Action and Innervation
A = flexes the thumbs phalanges
I = Anterior Interosseous Nerve
53
Pronator Quadratus Origin and Insertion
O = distal 1/4 of the ulna
I = distal 1/4 of the radius
54
Pronator Quadratus Action and Innervation
A = Pronate the forearm and hold ulna and radius together
I = Anterior Interosseous Nerve
55
Extensor Carpi Radialis Longus Origin and Insertion
O = Lateral supercondylar ridge of humerus
I = the base of the 2nd metacarpal
56
Extensor Carpi Radial Longus Action and Innervation
A = extends and abducts the hand at the wrist
I = Radial Nerve
57
Extensor Carpi Radialis Brevis Origin and Insertion
O = Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I = the base of the 3rd metacarpal
58
Extensor Carpi Radial Brevis Action and Innervation
A = extends and abducts the hand at the wrist
I = Deep branch Radial Nerve
59
Extensor Digitorum Origin and Insertion
O = lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I = extensor expansion of digits 2-5
60
Extensor Digitorum Action and Innervation
A = Extend digits 2-5 at first knuckle and at wrist
I = Posterior Interosseous Nerve
61
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Origin and Insertion
O = lateral epicondyle of the humerus
I = base of the fifth metacarpal
62
Extensor Carpi Ulnaris Action and innervation
A = extend and adduct hand at wrist
I = posterior interosseous nerve
63
Supinator Origin and Insertion
O = ulnar crest, radial collateral and annular ligaments, supinator fossa, and later epicondyle of the humerus
I = lateral, anterior and posterior aspects of the radius
64
Supinator Action and Innervation
A = supinates the forearm
I = radial nerve
65
Abductor Pollicis Longus Origin and Insertion
O = posterior of ulna, radius and interosseous membrane
I = base of metacarpal of the thumb
66
Abdutor Pollisis Longus Action and Innervation
A = abduct the thumb and extend at the carpo-metacarpal joint
I = posterior interosseous nerve
67
Extensor Indicis Origin and Insertion
O = posterior of ulna and interosseous membrane
I = extensor expansion of digit 2
68
Extensor Indicis Action and Innervation
A = extend the wrist and second digit
I = posterior interosseous membrane
69
Extensor Pollicis Longus Origin and Insertion
O = Posterior of ulna and interosseous membrane
I = base of distal phalanx of the thumb
70
Extensor Pollicis Longus Action and Innervation
A = extend the thumb
I = posterior interosseous nerve
71
Extensor Pollicis Brevis Origin and Insertion
O = posterior of radius and interosseous membrane
I = base of proximal phalanx of thumb
72
Extensor Pollicis Brevis Action and Innervation
A = extend at metacarpal-phalangeal joint
I = posterior interosseous nerve
73
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Origin and Insertion
O = trapezium, scaphoid and flexor retinaculum
I = proximal phalanx (lateral side)
74
Abductor Pollicis Brevis Action and Innervation
A = abducts and helps oppose the thumb
I = Median Nerve
75
Flexor Pollicis Brevis Origin and Insertion
O = Trapezium, scaphoid and flexor retinaculum
I = proximal phalanx of the thumb
76
Flexor Pollicis Brevis Action and Innervation
A = flexes thumb
I = Median Nerve
77
Opponens Pollicis Origin and Insertion
O = scaphoid, trapezium and flexor retinaculum
I = lateral side of the first metacarpal
78
Opponens Pollicis Action and Innervation
A = pulls 1st metacarpal laterally and opposes thumb
I = Median Nerve
79
Adductor Pollicis Origin and Insertion
O = oblique: capitate, 2nd and 3rd metacarpal ... transverse head: 3rd metacarpal
I = lateral side of the first meatcarpal
80
Adductor Pollicis Action and Innervation
A = adduct and help oppose the thumb
I = Ulnar nerve
81
Flexor Digiti Minimi Origin and Insertion
O = Hamate, flexor retinaculum
I = medial proximal phalanx of pinky
82
Flexor Digiti Minimi Action and Innervation
A = Flexes the pinky at the first knuckle
I = Ulnar Nerve
83
Abductor Digiti Minimi Origin and Insertion
O = Pisiform
I = proximal phalanx of pinky (medial side)
84
Abductor Digiti Minimi Action and Innervation
A = abduct the pinky
I = Ulnar nerve
85
Opponens Digiti Minimi Origin and Insertion
O = Hamate, flexor retinaculum
I = medial border of the 5th metacarpal
86
Opponens Digiti Minimi Action and Innervation
A = oppose pinky to thumb
I = Ulnar Nerve
87
Palmar Interossei #, Origin and Insertion
(3)
O = metacarpals 2,3&4
I = proximal phalanges of same digit
88
Palmar Interossei Action and Innervation
A = Adduct fingers
I = Ulnar Nerve
89
Dorsal Interossei #, Origin and Insertion
(4)
O & I = meta 1&2 --> 2nd digit
meta 2&3 --> 3rd digit
meta 3&4 --> 3rd digit
meta 4&5 --> 4th digit
90
Dorsal Interossei Action and Innervation
A = Abduct fingers
I = Ulnar nerve
91
Lumbricals Origin and Insertion
O = Tendons of Flexor digitorum profundus
I = extensor expansions of digits 2-5
92
Lumbricals Action and Innervation
A = flex metacarpal-phalangeal joint while still extending interphalangeal joints
I = medial 2= ulnar nerve ... Lateral 2= median nerve
93
Iliopsoas components, Origin and Insertion
O = Iliacus: iliac fossa -- Psoas Major: Transverse processes of T12-L5
I = they both insert on the lesser trochanter of the femur
94
Iliopsoas Action and Innervation
A = thigh and trunk flexion
I = Femoral Nerve
95
Sartorius Origin and Insertion
O = Anterior Superior Iliac Spine
I = medial aspect of the superior tibia
96
Sartorius Action and Innervation
A = thigh flexion, lateral rotation, and abduction ... also weakly flexes the knee
I = Femoral Nerve
97
Rectus Femoris Origin and Insertion
O = ASIS and the superior border of the acetabulum
I = Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
98
Rectus Femoris Action and Innervation
A = Flex thigh and extend the knee
I = Femoral Nerve
99
Vastus Medialis Origin and Insertion
O = Linea Aspera, medial supracondylar line and intertrochanteric line
I = tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
100
Vastus medialis Action and Innervation
A = extend the knee and stabilize the patella
I = Femoral Nerve
101
Vastus Lateralis Origin and Insertion
O = linea aspera, intertrochanteric line and greater trochanter
I = Tibial tuberosity via the patellar ligament
102
Vastus Lateralis Action and Innervation
A = Extend the knee
I = Femoral nerve
103
Vastus Intermedius Origin and Insertion
O = lateral, anterior femur
I = Tibial tuberosity via the patella ligament
104
Vastus Intermedius Action and Innervation
A = Extend the knee
I = Femoral Nerve
105
Adductor Longus Origin and Insertion
O = Pubis
I = linea aspera
106
Adductor Longus Action and Innervation
A = Adduct, medially rotate and flex the thigh
I = Obturator Nerve
107
Pectineus Origin and Insertion
O = Pectineal line on the pubis
I = lesser trochanter to the linea aspera
108
Pectineus Action and Innervation
A = medial rotation, adduction and flexion of the thigh
I = femoral nerve and obturator nerve
109
Gracilis Origin and Insertion
O = inferior ramus and body of the pubis, and the ramus of the ischium
I = medial surface of the tibia
110
Gracilis Action and Innervation
A = adducts, flexes and medially rotates leg especially during walking
I = Obturator Nerve
111
Adductor Brevis Origin and Insertion
O = Inferior ramus and body of pubis
I = linea aspera
112
Adductor Brevis Action and Innervation
A = Adducts and medially rotates the thigh
I = obturator nerve
113
Adductor Magnus Origin and Insertion
O = ischial and pubic rami and the ischial tuberosity
I = linea aspera, supracondylar line and adductor tubercle
114
Adductor Magnus Action and Innervation
A = Anterior Fibres: Adducts, flexes, medially rotates thigh .... Posterior fibres are synergistic to the hamstrings
I = obturator and sciatic nerve
115
Gluteus Maximus Origin and Insertion
O = Dorsal Ilium, sacrum and coccyx
I = Gluteal tuberosity and IT tract
116
Gluteus Maximus Action and Innervation
A = Abduct, extend and laterally rotate thigh
I = Inferior Gluteal nerve
117
Gluteus Medius Origin and Insertion
O = Between the anterior gluteal line and the posterior gluteal line on the ilium
I = the greater trochanter of the femur
118
Gluteus Medius Action and Innervation
A = Abduct and medially rotate the thigh and stabilize hip during walking
I = Superior Gluteal Nerve
119
Gluteus Minimus Origin and Insertion
O = Between the Anterior gluteal line and inferior gluteal line on the ilium
I = greater trochanter of the femur
120
Gluteus Minimus Action and Innervation
A = Abduct and medially rotate thigh and stabilize hip during walking
I = Superior Glutealu Nerve
121
Biceps Femoris Origin and Insertion
O = Long Head: ischial tuberosity and linea aspera ... Short Head: distal femur
I = both heads insert into the head of the fibula and lateral condyle of the tibia
122
Biceps Femoris Action and Innervation
A = extend thigh and flex the knee and laterally rotate leg
I = LH: Tibial nerve ... SH: fibular nerve
123
Semitendinosus Origin and Insertion
O = ischial tuberosity
I = medial tibial shaft
124
Semitendinosus Action and Innervation
A = flex the knee, extend the thigh, medially rotate leg
I = Tibial nerve
125
Semimembranosus Origin and Insertion
O = Ischial tuberosity
I = medial condyle of the tibia and then to the lateral condyle of the femur
126
Semimembranosus Action and Innervation
A = extend knee, flex thigh, and medially rotate leg
I = tibial nerve
127
Tibialis Anterior Origin and Insertion
O = Lateral surface of the tibia and the interosseous membrane
I = base of the first metatarsal and the medial cuneiform
128
Tibialis Anterior Action and Innervation
A = Dorsiflexion and Inversion
I = deep fibular nerve
129
Extensor Hallucis Longus Origin and Insertion
O = medial fibula and interosseous membrane
I = Distal phalanx of the Great Toe
130
Extensor Hallucis Longus Action and Innervation
A = extend the great toe and dorsiflexion
I = Deep fibular nerve
131
Extensor Digitorum Longus Origin and Insertion
O = lateral condyle of the tibia, proximal fibula and interosseous membrane
I = Middle and distal phalanges of digits 2-5
132
Extensor Digitorum Longus Action and Innervation
A = dorsiflexion, extension of digits 2-5
I = Deep fibular nerve
133
Fibularis Longus Origin and Insertion
O = head of fibula and upper fibula
I = base of the first metatarsal
134
Fibularis Longus Action and Innervation
A = eversion, plantar flexion, arch support
I = Superficial fibular nerve
135
Fibularis Brevis Origin and Insertion
O = lower 2/3 of fibula
I = base of the fifth metatarsal
136
Fibularis Brevis Action and Innervation
A = eversion
I = Superficial Fibular Nerve
137
Gastrocnemius Origin and Insertion
O = two heads coming from the lateral and medial condyles of the femur
I = calcaneus vis the calcaneal tendon
138
Gastrocnemius Action and Innervation
A = Plantar flexion and knee flexion
I = tibial nerve
139
Sloeus Origin and Insertion
O = Sloeal line, superior tibia, fibula and interosseous membrane
I = calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
140
Soleus Action and Innervation
A = Plantar Flexion
I = Tibial Nerve
141
Plantaris Origin and Insertion
O = lateral supracondylar line of the femur
I = calcaneus via the calcaneal tendon
142
Plantaris Action and Innervation
A = plantar flexion and flexion of the knee
I = Tibial Nerve
143
Politeus Origin and Insertion
O = Lateral femoral condyle and lateral meniscus
I = Posterior tibia
144
Popliteus Action and Innervation
A = stabilize the knee and unlock it from full extension
I = Tibial nerve
145
Tibialis Posterior Origin and Insertion
O = superior fibula, tibia and interosseous membrane
I = Navicular Bone
146
Tibialis Posterior Action and Innervation
A = Inversion, plantar flexion and medial arch support
I = Tibia Nerve
147
Flexor Digitorum Longus Origin and Insertion
O = posterior medial surface of the tibia
I = base of distal phalanges 2-5
148
Flexor Digitorum Longus Action and Innervation
A = plantar flexion and flexion of digit 2-5
I = tibial nerve
149
Flexor Hallucis Longus Origin and Insertion
O = posterior fibula and interosseous membrane
I = distal phalanx of the great toe
150
Flexor Hallucis Longus Action and Innervation
A = inversion, flex great toe and plantar flexion
I = Tibial Nerve
