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Anatomy > Muscles of the back > Flashcards

Muscles of the back Flashcards

(76 cards)

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1
Q

Trapezius origin

A

Medial third of the superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae, C1-T12 spinous processes

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2
Q

Trapezius insertion

A

Spine of scapula, acromion, lateral third of the clavicle

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3
Q

Trapezius action

A

Elevates, retracts, superiorly rotates the scapula

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4
Q

Trapezius innervation

A

Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI) (motor), C3-C4 ventral rami (sensory)

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5
Q

Trapezius blood supply

A

Transverse cervical artery

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6
Q

Latissimus dorsi origin

A

T7-L5 spinous processes, thoracolumbar fascia, dorsal sacrum, iliac crest

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7
Q

Latissimus dorsi insertion

A

Floor of inter tubercular sulcus of humerus

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8
Q

Latissimus dorsi actions

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

Depresses, retracts, and inferiorly rotates the scapula

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9
Q

Latissimus dorsi innervation

A

Thoracodorsal nerve

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10
Q

Latissimus dorsi blood supply

A

Thoracodorsal artery

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11
Q

Rhomboid major origin

A

T2-T5 spinous processes

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12
Q

Rhomboid major insertion

A

Medial border of the scapula

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13
Q

Rhomboid major actions

A

Retracts, elevates, and inferiorly rotates the scapula

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14
Q

Rhomboid major innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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15
Q

Rhomboid major blood supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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16
Q

Rhomboid minor origin

A

C7-T1 spinous processes

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17
Q

Rhomboid minor insertion

A

Medial border of the scapula

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18
Q

Rhomboid minor actions

A

Retractes, elevates, and inferiorly rotates the scapula

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19
Q

Rhomboid minor innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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20
Q

Rhomboid minor blood supply

A

Dorsal scapular artery

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21
Q

Levator scapulae origin

A

C1-C4 transverse processes

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22
Q

Levator scapulae insertion

A

Superior angle of the scapula

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23
Q

Levator scapulae actions

A

Elevates and inferiorly rotates the scapula, assists neck extension

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24
Q

Levator scapulae innervation

A

Dorsal scapular nerve

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25
Levator scapular blood supply
Dorsal scapular artery
26
What are the superficial (extrinsic) muscles of the back?
Trapezius, Latissimus dorsi, Rhomboid major, Rhomboid minor, Levator scapulae
27
What are the intermediate muscles of the back?
Serratus posterior superior, Serratus posterior inferior
28
Serratus posterior superior origin
C7-T3 spinous processes
29
Serratus posterior superior insertion
Superior border of ribs 2-5
30
Serratus posterior superior actions
Elevates (weakly) ribs 2-5 (accessory muscle if respiration)
31
Serratus posterior superior innervation
Segmentally by thoracic ventral primary rami (intercostal nerve)
32
Serratus posterior superior blood supply
Branches of posterior intercostal artery
33
Serratus posterior inferior origin
T11-L3 spinous processes
34
Serratus posterior inferior insertion
Inferior border of ribs 9-12
35
Serratus posterior inferior actions
Depresses (weakly) ribs 9-12 (accessory muscle of respiration)
36
Serratus posterior inferior innervation
Segmentally by thoracic ventral primary rami (intercostal nerve)
37
Serratus posterior inferior blood supply
Branches of posterior intercostal artery
38
What are the deep (intrinsic) back muscles?
Splenius capitis, Splenius cervicis, Erector spinae muscle group (iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis), Transversospinalis group (semispinalis, multifidus, rotators), Levatores costarum, Intersegmental muscles, Thoracolumbar fascia
39
Splenius capitis/cervicis origin
Ligamentum nuchae and T1-T4 spinous processes
40
Splenius capitis insertion
Mastoid process and superior nuchal line
41
Splenius capitis/cervicis actions
Unilateral: lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of head/neck Bilateral: extension of head/neck
42
Splenius cervicis insertion
C1-C4 transverse processes
43
Erector spinae group origin
Common tendon of origin from posterior iliac crest, dorsal sacrum, and lumbar spinous processes; additional slips originate along the axial skeleton
44
Iliocostalis insertion
Angles of ribs, cervical transverse processes
45
Longissimus insertion
Thoracic transverse processes and adjacent ribs, cervical transverse processes, mastoid process (capitis portion)
46
Spinalis insertion
Upper thoracic spinous processes, ligamentum nuchae, occipital) bone between nuchal lines (captious portion)
47
Erector spine group actions
Unilateral: lateral flexion and ipsilateral rotation of trunk and head/neck Bilateral: extension of trunk, head/neck
48
Transversospinal group
Semispinalis, multifidus, rotators
49
Erector spinae group
Iliocostalis, longissimus, spinalis
50
Transversospinal group origin
Dorsal sacrum and posterior iliac crest, lumbar mamiliary processes, cervical and thoracic transverse processes
51
Transversospinal group insertion
Spinous processes and occipital bone (capitis portion)
52
Semispinalis segments
4-6 segments, best defined in cervical region
53
Multifidus segments
2-4 segments, best defined in lumbar regio
54
Rotator segments
1-2 segments, best defined in thoracic region
55
Transversospinalis group actions
Unilateral: lateral flexion and contralateral rotation of trunk, head, and neck Bilateral: extension of trunk, head, and neck
56
Levatores costarum origin
Transverse processes of thoracic vertebrae
57
Levatores costarum insertion
Superior borders of ribs (1 or 2 segments inferiorly)
58
Levatores costarum actions
Elevates ribs, assist lateral flexion
59
Interspinales
Tiny muscles spanning spinous processes
60
Intertransversarii
Tiny muscles spanning transverse processes
61
Thoracolumbar fascia posterior layer
Attaches to the vertebral spinous processes
62
Thoracolumbar fascia middle layer
Attaches to vertebral transverse processes; continuous with aponeurosis of transversus abdominus muscles
63
Thoracolumbar fascia anterior layer
The anterior fascia of quadrates lomborum
64
Suboccipital muscles
Rectus capitis posterior major, Rectus capitis posterior minor, Obliquus capitis superior, Obliquus capitis inferior
65
Rectus capitis posterior major origin
Spinous process of axis (C2)
66
Rectus capitis posterior major insertion
Inferior nuchal line
67
Rectus capitis posterior major actions
Unilateral: Ipsilateral rotation of head Bilateral: Extension of head
68
Rectus capitis posterior minor origin
Posterior tubercle of atlas (C1)
69
Rectus capitis posterior minor insertion
Inferior nuchal line medial to rectus capitis posterior major
70
Rectus capitis posterior minor actions
Bilateral: extension of head
71
Obliquus capitis superior origin
Transverse process of atlas (C1)
72
Obliquus capitis superior insertion
Occipital bone between nuchal lines
73
Obliquus capitis superior actions
Unilateral: lateral bending of head Bilateral: Extension of head
74
Obliquus capitis inferior origin
Spinous process of axis (C2)
75
Obliquus capitis inferior insertion
Transverse process of atlas (C1)
76
Obliquus capitis inferior actions
Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of head

Anatomy (6 decks)

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